电吸附除盐技术用于炼油污水回用中试研究

采用电吸附技术对炼油污水进行回用处理,中试结果证明该技术具有较好的抗石油类有机物污染的能力.除盐设备能够保持长周期连续稳定运行,所产生的浓水达到了国家一级排放标准,产水符合循环水补水水质要求。     

Customized Utilization Strategies of Industrial Lignin to Produce Adsorbents and Flocculants Based on Fractionation and Adequate Structural Interpretation

Lignin, a by-product of pulping and biorefinery, has great potential to replace petrochemical resources for wastewater purification. However, the defects of lignin, such as severe heterogeneity, inferior reactivity and poor solubility, characterize the production process of lignin-based products by high energy consumption and serious pollution. In this study, several lignin fractions with relatively homogeneous structure were first obtained by organic solvent fractionation, and their structures were fully deciphered by various characterization techniques. Subsequently, each lignin component was custom-valued for wastewater purification based on their structural characteristics. Benefiting from the high reactivity and reaction accessibility, the lignin fraction (lignin-1) refined by dissolving in ethanol and n-butanol could been used as a raw material to produce cationic lignin-based flocculant (LBF) in a copolymerization system using green, cheap and recyclable ethanol as solvent. The lignin fraction (lignin-2) extracted by methanol and dioxane showed low reactivity and high carbon content, which was used to produce lignin-based activated carbon (LAC) with phosphoric acid as activator. Moreover, the influences of synthetic factors on the purification capacity were discussed, and the LBF and LAC produced under the optimal conditions showed distinguished purification effect on kaolin suspension and heavy metal wastewater, respectively. Furthermore, the corresponding purification mechanism and external factors were also elaborated. It is believed that this cleaner production strategy is helpful for the valorization of lignin in wastewater resources.     

UASB+SBR工艺处理糖果废水

针对糖果废水的特点,采用UASB SBR工艺处理箭牌糖果(中国)有限公司番禺工厂的糖果废水,通过介绍处理工艺流程和工艺调试运行过程,提出了影响工艺调试的因素及相应的控制措施。工程实践证明,UASB SBR工艺是糖果废水有效的处理工艺,出水水质达到《水污染物排放限值》(DB44/26-2001)中第二时段的三级标准。     

油田水处理新工艺应用与效果评价

随着油田开发时间的延长,产出的污水也随之增多,污水逐渐成为油田开发中晚期注水的重要水源,污水处理达标问题已引起企业的高度重视。针对油田污水处理的实际情况,试验了简便、高效、节能的油田污水专用处理设备(水处理一体机、专用水处理剂)。该设备占地面积小,在运行中无需对设备进行反冲洗,解决了油田核桃壳及纤维球水处理设施反冲洗带来的二次污染与更换滤料的问题。     

污水处理罐的防护措施

分析了1000m~3污水处理罐采用涂料、阴极保护联合防护的失效原因及防护措施.     

油田剩余污水达标回注配套工艺技术研究

河南油田双河污水处理站中剩余污水成分复杂,水质差别很大,目前的处理工艺很难保证处理后污水水质达到回注水指标要求。通过在原处理流程中增设自然沉降罐和采用优选的水处理药剂等可解决该问题。文章论述了根据室内、现场模拟试验结果等提出剩余污水处理工艺流程改造方案的过程。改造方案的实际应用表明,新流程可年回收原油8 760 t,处理后的水质也达到了污水回注的水质指标。     

蒸氨塔处理高浓度剩余氨水的应用研究

焦化废水含有酚类、氰化物、氨氮等有毒有害污染物,属于高浓度难降解有机工业废水之一.以某焦化厂的蒸氨处理工程为例,根据现场调试过程中总结的调试方案及运行结果,阐述了蒸氨塔处理高浓度剩余氨水的功效、蒸氨塔系统的设备选型以及蒸氨系统的操作方法和操作条件;总结了蒸氨塔在使用过程中可能出现的问题及解决措施.     

草酸铁络合物／H2O2／UV体系对靛红染料废水脱色的研究

以草酸铁络合物/H2O2作光氧化剂,利用紫外光对水溶性染料靛红进行了光氧化降解试验研究。结果表明,在pH值为3,[Fe(Ⅲ)]/[C2O42-]=1/3,H2O2为100 mg/L条件下,光照30 min后,质量浓度为30 mg/L的染料溶液其脱色率达到98.5%,COD去除率为54.4%。与UV/Fe3+、UV/H2O2、UV/草酸等光氧化体系相比,脱色效果较为明显。     

磁化破乳剂处理含聚污水机理研究

磁化破乳剂是一种新型的油水分离剂,能快速实现油水分离且能重复利用,研究了前期合成的磁化破乳剂(M-DMEA)处理含聚污水的机理,考察了M-DMEA对界面活性物质(沥青质、胶质和聚合物)的吸附性能,探讨了界面活性物质浓度和温度对M-DMEA吸附不同界面活性物质的影响及M-DMEA浓度和温度对水中油滴聚并速率常数的影响。实验结果表明,相同浓度下,M-DMEA对3种物质的吸附率大小的顺序为:沥青质胶质聚合物;M-DMEA对沥青质和胶质的吸附为Langmuir吸附,且对沥青质的吸附是吸热过程,对胶质的吸附是放热过程;M-DMEA对聚合物吸附为Freundlich吸附。温度升高,M-DMEA表面的亲油性增强,油滴聚并速率常数增大,增加M-DMEA浓度也会促进水中油滴聚并速率常数的增大。     

化学机械浆废水处理技术现状与发展

本文介绍了化机浆废水的来源及其污染特征,从预处理、生物处理和深度处理技术3方面综述了近年来国内外有关化机浆废水处理技术的研究现状与进展,对现有处理技术的优缺点和存在的问题进行了分析,并展望了化机浆废水处理技术的发展前景.