考虑局部屈曲的矩形钢管混凝土轴压承载力计算方法

基于已有的试验研究与理论分析,给出了矩形钢管混凝土中钢管不出现局部屈曲时的最大宽厚比限值,同时提出大宽厚比下矩形钢管混凝土中考虑钢管屈曲的承载力计算方法。通过回归分析给出了矩形钢管混凝土轴压短柱、轴压中长柱的承载力简化计算公式,简化计算结果和大量试验结果进行对比,用试验结果验证了简化计算结果的正确性。同时,采用CECS、DBJ、EC4、LFRD及AIJ规程计算了矩形钢管混凝土承载力并和试验结果进行对比,对比结果表明:欧洲EC4规程、DBJ规程及简化计算结果与试验结果较为接近,所提出的简化计算公式不仅适用于普通宽厚比下矩形钢管混凝土承载力计算,且适用于大宽厚比下考虑局部屈曲时承载力计算,实现了普通壁厚和薄壁矩形钢管混凝土承载力计算公式的统一。     

竹筋实木组合空心柱的制作与力学性能试验

木材是一种绿色环保建材,木建筑中结构柱使用原生态长和粗的原木取材难、价格昂贵,为解决目前原木尺寸小、抗压强度低、使用受到限制等问题,本文提出了一种竹筋实木组合空心柱,解决了小木头不能用作结构柱的问题,把零碎的木块和竹筋进行结合竹木组合柱试验模型,试验采用结构尺寸和特性基本一致的3个实木柱和3个竹筋实木组合柱,进行了加载受压性能对比试验,得到了两种不同结构板的破坏形态、极限承载力。试验研究结果表明:两种结构柱均发生材料破坏,竹筋组合柱比实木组合柱抗压强度提高11.6%,该研究成果对于竹筋实木组合柱结构设计和木结构工程中的应用提供了一定参考。     

混凝土空心砌块建筑设计的若干措施

针对砌块建筑普遍存在的开裂及渗漏现象 ,在模数协调、结构构造、变形控制、墙体抗渗等方面提出了建筑与结构的设计方法和相应的技术措施。     

正辛胺模板法制备SiO_2空心微球及其结构表征

以正辛胺为模板、正硅酸乙酯为硅源,在盐酸的催化作用下通过溶胶-凝胶法制备出圆形度高、分散性好、结构完整的SiO2空心微球;采用SEM、XRD、FTIR、BET、TG等对不同反应时间、反应温度、搅拌速度、盐酸含量等条件下SiO2空心微球的形貌、粒径、壳层厚度和结构进行分析与表征。结果表明,SiO2空心微球的平均粒径随反应温度和反应时间的增加而缓慢增大。SiO2空心微球的平均粒径为15~28μm,壳层厚度为3.1~4.0μm;壳层表面具有孔结构,比表面积为970~1244 m2/g,可几孔径为1.5~2.4 nm。     

工作压强对SiC空心微球结构及性能的影响

采用化学气相沉积（CVD）-高温热解法,在不同工作压强条件下,制备了惯性约束聚变靶用SiC空心微球。利用X射线光电子能谱仪、扫描电子显微镜、白光干涉仪、X射线照相机对SiC空心微球的成分、表面形貌、表面粗糙度、球形度以及壁厚均匀性进行了测试与分析。研究结果表明：随工作压强的增加,SiC空心微球的表面均方根粗糙度先减小后增加,当工作压强为15 Pa时,表面均方根粗糙度达到最小值98 nm;随工作压强的增加,SiC空心微球的球形度未发生明显变化,且均优于97%;而壁厚均匀性则随工作压强的增加先增加后减小,当压强为15 Pa时,壁厚均匀性可达95%。     

防蒸发浮板覆盖平原水库节水效率研究

内陆干旱区降水稀少,蒸发强烈,为了减少内陆干旱区平原水库的无效蒸发,提高水库的利用率,缓解水资源紧张,进行了塑料空心板覆盖水库水面的试验。通过隔断水面与外界环境的接触,从而抑制水面蒸发。塑料空心板的湿润面积由3部分组成风浪打湿的面积、板与板之间碰撞挤出的水形成的湿润面积、板与坝坡碰撞挤出的水形成的湿润面积。应用统计学原理,依据现场试验的实测数据,计算在不同气象条件下浮板的湿润面积,统计一个完整的非冰冻期资料;得出不同风速出现的概率及防蒸发系数,计算防蒸发量;对比分析不同面积下防蒸发浮板覆盖水库水面的节水效率。结果表明现场3个方案试验的节水效率分别为55.38%,65.97%,80.10%,浮板面积越大节水效率越高,板的节水效果和试验布置方式有关,将浮板布置在围栏之内,最大可提高节水效率1.45%;将浮板做成整体时节水效率提高较为明显,最大可提高17.68%。     

现浇正交异性钢筋混凝土空心板施工技术

以石棉水泥砂浆离心管作为内模衬管,浇筑混凝土后构成现浇混凝土空心板。该结构设宽扁梁或暗梁,可降低结构高度,增大使用空间,具有刚度大、自重轻、抗震好、用料省等优点,具有良好的经济效益与社会效益。     

Magnetothermostress Wave Propagation and Perturbation of Magnetic Field Vector in an Orthotropic Laminated Hollow Cylinder

An analytical method is developed to determine the transient response of magneto-thermostress and perturbation of the magnetic field vector produced in orthotropic laminated hollow cylinders subjected to thermal shock, and permeated by a primarily uniform magnetic field. A magnetothermostress equation for each separate hollow cylinder is found by making use of a series of simply mathematical transform. Then, by using the interface continuity conditions between layers and the boundary conditions at the internal and external surfaces of the orthotropic laminated hollow cylinders, the unknown constants involved are determined. Thus, an exact expression for the magnetothermostress wave propagation and the perturbation response of magnetic field vector in the orthotropic laminated hollow cylinders are obtained. From sample numerical calculations, some characters of magnetothermodynamic stresses and perturbation of magnetic field vector in orthotropic laminated hollow cylinders are revealed and discussed.     

Transient Thermo-Mechanical Analysis of Functionally Graded Hollow Circular Cylinders

Thermo-mechanical analysis of functionally graded hollow circular cylinders subjected to axisymmetric mechanical and transient thermal loads is carried out in this study. Thermo-mechanical properties of functionally graded materials (FGM) are assumed to be temperature independent and vary continuously in the radial direction of the cylinder. Employing the Laplace transform, the Galerkin method and series method for ordinary differential equations, solutions for the time-dependent temperature and transient thermo-mechanical stresses are obtained. As an example, a molybdenum/mullite FGM with material properties obeying the exponential law is considered. Effects of heat transfer coefficients and gradient parameters of FGM on the time-dependent temperature and transient thermal stresses are discussed in detail.     

La0.6Sr0.4Co0.8Ni0.2O3−δ hollow fiber membrane reactor: Integrated oxygen separation – CO2 reforming of methane reaction for hydrogen production

An integrated reactor system which combines oxygen permeable La_0.6Sr_0.4Co_0.8Ni_0.2O_3−δ (LSCN) perovskite ceramic hollow fiber membrane with Ni based catalyst has been successfully developed to produce hydrogen through oxy-CO₂ reforming of methane (OCRM). Dense La_0.6Sr_0.4Co_0.8Ni_0.2O_3−δ hollow fiber membrane was prepared using phase inversion-sintering method. OCRM reaction was tested from 650 °C to 800 °C with a quartz reactor packed with 0.5 g Ni/Al₂O₃ catalyst around the LSCN hollow fiber membrane. CH₄ and CO₂ were used as reactants and air as the oxygen source was fed through the bore side of the hollow fiber membrane. In order to gauge the effectiveness of this membrane reactor system, air flow was closed at 800 °C and dry reforming of methane (DRM) was tested for comparison. The results show that the oxygen fluxes of LSCN membrane swept by helium are nearly 3 times less than those swept by OCRM reactants. With increasing temperature and oxygen supply, methane conversion in the OCRM reactor reaches 100%, but CO₂ conversion decreases from 87% to 72% due to the competition reaction with POM. CO selectivity is as high as nearly 100% at reaction temperatures of 700 °C–800 °C while H₂ selectivity reaches a maximum of 88% at 700 °C. At 800 °C, when air supply was closed and DRM was conducted for comparison, CO selectivity decreased to 91%, resulting in carbon deposition which was around 4 times more than those obtained under OCRM reaction and H₂/CO ratio decreased from 0.93 to 0.74, showing better carbon resistance and higher H₂ selectivity of the Ni-based catalyst over the integrated oxygen separation-OCRM reaction across the LSCN hollow fiber membrane reactor.