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排序方式: 共有118条查询结果,搜索用时 359 毫秒
61.
本论述了蛋白酶及其与生物催化剂的关系,重点论述了生物催化剂氧化酶的分类特征、应用状况和使用过程中的优点与局限性及当前的研究进展。随着分子生物技术和化学工程方法的发展,展望了生物催化剂氧化酶的广阔应用前景。 相似文献
62.
N. A. Mensour A. Margaritis C. L. Briens H. Pilkington I. Russell 《Journal of the Institute of Brewing》1997,103(6):363-370
The use of immobilised yeast cell systems in industry has been extensively reported in the literature. The brewing industry is closely examining immobilisation technology and evaluating its merits. Various immobilisation methods are available to researchers and the nature of the application often dictates the choice of an immobilisation matrix. Industrial scale systems utilising immobilised yeast cells adsorbed to pre-formed carriers have been used for the production of low alcohol beers and for maturation or secondary fermentation of beer. Research relating to the primary fermentation of beer continues and several groups have developed laboratory scale systems. An overview of the respective technologies is provided and several relevant industrial applications cited . 相似文献
63.
Ghodratallah Shams Khorramabadi Reza Darvishi Cheshmeh Soltani Abbas Rezaee Ali R. Khataee Ahmad Jonidi Jafari 《加拿大化工杂志》2012,90(6):1539-1546
The objective of this investigation was to study the biosorption of Cr (VI) on immobilised activated sludge (IAS) and calcium alginate (CA) using batch system. The optimal pH for Cr (VI) biosorption by IAS and CA was 2.0 and 4.0, respectively. Equilibrium was attained at approximately 120 min for both biosorbents. For both biosorbents, the equilibrium biosorption capacity (mg/g) increased as the initial metal ion concentration increased and the concentration of biosorbent decreased. The rate of biosorption onto IAS and pure CA (as mg/g) increased from 5.02 to 87.66 and 4.97 to 79.09 as the concentration of Cr (VI) ions increased from 10 to 1000 mg/L, respectively. In the case of biosorbent concentration, as the concentration of IAS and pure CA increased from 1 to 20 g/L, the equilibrium uptake (qe) decreased from 21.33 to 1.57 and 19.41 to 1.38 mg/g, respectively. The biosorption data showed that the Langmuir model was more suitable than the Freundlich model. Also, the results indicated that the pseudo‐second order model was the most suitable for Cr (VI) biosorption onto IAS and CA. © 2011 Canadian Society for Chemical Engineering 相似文献
64.
Vesna M. Vu
urovi Vladimir S. Puka Uro D. Milji 《Journal of the Institute of Brewing》2019,125(1):134-142
The aim of this study was the investigation and comparison of the potential of sugar beet molasses and thick juice as raw materials for bioethanol production, as renewable and sustainable energy sources. Ethanol fermentation of a wide range of initial sugar concentrations (100–300 g/L) was performed using either free or immobilised Saccharomyces cerevisiae in calcium alginate beads in the absence of any added nutrients. In general, immobilised cells showed better fermentative performance, enhanced ethanol productivity, stability and cell viability compared with free cells, under the same fermentation conditions. The high concentration of non‐sugar components contained in molasses affected yeast fermentation performance and viability. Maximum ethanol concentration in fermented media of 84.6 and 109.5 g/L were obtained by immobilised cells for initial sugar concentrations of 200 and 250 g/L for molasses and thick juice, respectively. However, the highest ethanol yields of 31.7 L per 100 kg of molasses and 37.6 L per 100 kg of thick juice were obtained by immobilised cells at an initial sugar concentration of 175 g/L. In the high gravity fermentation process, thick juice resulted in a higher ethanol yield per mass of raw material compared with molasses. This study shows the advantage of immobilised yeast for the efficient production of high gravity bioethanol from thick juice, which was a more favourable raw material than molasses. © 2018 The Institute of Brewing & Distilling 相似文献
65.
Gyun M. Lee Cha Y. Choi Jong M. Park Moon H. Han 《Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (Oxford, Oxfordshire : 1986)》1985,35(1):3-10
The biotransformation of rifamycin B to rifamycin S using immobilised whole cells of a Humicola sp. in a fluidised bed reactor exhibited a linear relationship between loading of the immobilised whole cells and conversion, in both batch and continuous operations; the conversion of rifamycin B was higher in batch than continuous operation for a given residence time. The immobilised whole cells were obtained by copolymerisation of the acetone-dried cells with acrylamide. They showed maximum activity at pH 7.8 and 50°C. It was found that aeration effects on the reaction in continuous operation were different from those in batch operation for the same residence time. In batch operation, the conversion of rifamycin B to rifamycin S increased with increased rate of aeration and reached a constant maximum value at aeration rates above 20.8 vvm. In continuous operation, the steady state conversion reached a maximum value in the range of aeration rate between 5.8 and 12.5 vvm; beyond this range the steady state conversion decreased steadily owing to cell leakage. The half life for the operational stability at 40°C was about 13 h. 相似文献
66.
Alan Rosevear 《Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (Oxford, Oxfordshire : 1986)》1984,34(3):127-150
This review examines the strengths and weaknesses of immobilisation when used as a technique for deploying enzymes and cells in systems .Suitable methods for preparing immobilised conjugatcs are described ; the potcntial benefits of immobilisation for industrial products. analysis and academic studies are discussed.. 相似文献
67.
W. Richard Bowen Nigel Lambert Shirley Y. R. Pug Frank Taylor 《Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (Oxford, Oxfordshire : 1986)》1986,36(6):267-272
The kinetics of the conversion of trans-cinnamaldehyde to trans-cinnamyl alcohol catalysed by yeast alcohol dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.1) have been characterised. Reaction with the free enzyme is curtailed after a short time as a result of inactivation by the substrate. It has been shown that immobilisation of the enzyme provides substantial protection against this inactivation. Use of the immobilised enzyme in a flow-through reactor further enhanced the enzyme lifetime, creating a viable synthetic process. The product cinnamyl alcohol may be recovered by continuous solvent extraction. 相似文献
68.
Alica Vikartovsk-Welwardov Eva Michalkov Peter Gemeiner 《Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (Oxford, Oxfordshire : 1986)》1998,73(1):31-36
Screening of a representative series of immobilized penicillin G acylase biocatalysts (enzyme, cells) using enzyme flow microcalorimetry is described. Immobilized penicillin G acylase biocatalysts were either prepared in the laboratory by various techniques or obtained from four commercial manufacturers. An industrial strain of Escherichia coli was entrapped in (poly)acrylamide gel or hardened calcium pectate gel. Semi-purified enzyme was immobilized in various ways—either by covalent binding to oxirane-acrylic beads or chlorotriazine bead cellulose or by entrapment in (poly)acrylamide gel. The validity of the enzyme flow microcalorimetry results was corroborated by a pH-stat method, showing enzyme flow microcalorimetry to be a suitable method for rapid screening of immobilized biocatalysts regardless of the immobilization technique, carrier type or the biocatalyst source. © 1998 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
69.
Yee Peng Yong Bushra Al-Duri 《Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (Oxford, Oxfordshire : 1986)》1996,65(3):239-248
The present work investigates the reaction kinetics of immobilised lipase esterification of oleic acid and octanol, in a solvent-free system. Lipase from Rhizomucor miehei was immobilised on a hydrophobic support. The initial reaction rate was investigated as a function of octanol concentration and temperature, and the reaction kinetics were described in terms of the Michaelis–Menten mechanism. Evaluating Km, Vmax and kcat/Km as a function of temperature, it was found that Km was minimum and kcat/Km was maximum at 40°C while Vmax was maximum at 50°C. Furthermore, applying the Ping Pong Bi Bi mechanism yielded good results for this two-substrate system. 相似文献
70.
Amanda N Mabbett Lynne E Macaskie 《Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (Oxford, Oxfordshire : 1986)》2002,77(10):1169-1175
Palladised biomass of Desulfovibrio desulfuricans ATCC 29577 (bio‐Pd(0)) effected reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) under conditions where biomass alone or chemically‐prepared Pd(0) were ineffective. Reduction of 500 µmol dm?3 Cr(VI) by 0.4 mg cm?3 bio‐Pd(0) (Pd : biomass ratio of 1:1) was achieved from 1 mol dm?3 formate/acetate buffer at pH 1–7 at room temperature; the optimum pH was 3.0. The ratio of mass of Pd : dry mass of biomass, and the need for finely ground bio‐Pd(0) were important parameters for optimal Cr(VI) reduction, with a ratio of 1:1 giving 100% reduction of 500 µmol dm?3 Cr(VI) within 6 h at room temperature, decreasing to 30 min following heat treatment of the Pd(0)‐loaded biomass. The reduced Cr was recovered quantitatively as soluble Cr(III) at pH 3.0 with no poisoning of the bioinorganic catalyst with respect to continued reduction of Cr(VI). © 2002 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献