Air sampling of volatile sex pheromone components in a closed jar

A cotton wool plug, used as the source for pheromone release, was placed in closed 1-quart Mason jars, either at the mouth or at the rear of the jar. Air sampling of the two components of the sex pheromone (total 2.2 mg at the source) of the almond moth (Ephestia cautella) female showed that the saturation period near the source in still air was 20–22 hr and that far from the source was 40–50 hr, reaching a level of less than 1 ng/ml air. The ratio between the components (Z,E)-9,12-tetradecadienyl acetate, designated D, and (Z)-9-tetradecenyl acetate designated M, in the air was close to the original ratio for both sampling sites, albeit somewhat richer in the more volatile (Z)-9-tetradecenyl acetate (source 77.023.0 DM, air 73.0– 74.327.0–25.7; source 80.119.9, air 77.622.4; source 25.174.9, air 23.976. 1 DM). The total amount of pheromone per milliliter of air was two to three times larger near the source than far from it at the early stages of the evaporation and saturation process. When the amount of pheromone applied to the source was tripled (7 mg), the amount far from the source was almost tripled, or the saturation time was cut by factor of two to three.     

压电双晶片型旋转精密驱动器动态特性和控制

提出了以自由端带有集中质量的悬臂式压电双晶片为驱动单元的新型冲击式旋转精密驱动器.制作了驱动器样机,建立了基于Lugre摩擦模型的驱动器动力学模型.对驱动器动态特性进行了仿真分析和实验对比研究.根据驱动器的动态特性,提出了冲击式压电双晶片型精密驱动器特定的定频调压控制方法.仿真分析结果和实验结果吻合较好,表明该动力学模型符合驱动器的动态特性,可用于对冲击式压电双晶片型旋转精密驱动器的理论分析.     

MC(Mid-Century)催化氧化过程的研究进展

介绍了MC催化氧化过程规律；从催化荆体系的改进、新型溶剂体系的开发、反应器构型和配套设施的改进、富氧氧化技术的开发等方面综述了近年来MC技术的发展；探讨了MC液相催化氧化技术应用范围的拓展以及MC液相催化氧化过程的发展方向。     

宽度和长度缩减对体硅和SOI nMOSFETs热载流子效应的影响

针对标准体硅在CMOS和PD SOI CMOS两种工艺下的nMOSFETs,研究了沟道长度和宽度缩减对热载流子效应的影响。实验结果表明,在两种工艺下,热载流子的退化均随着沟道长度的减小而增强;然而,宽度的减小对两种工艺热载流子退化的影响却截然不同：体硅工艺的热载流子退化随宽度的减小而增强,SOI工艺的热载流子退化随宽度的减小而减小。基于界面态对热载流子效应的影响深入分析了长度减小导致两种工艺下热载流子退化均加重的原因;同时基于边缘电场分布对热载流子效应的影响解释了宽度减小导致两种工艺下热载流子退化规律截然相反的现象。研究结果对于实际深亚微米工艺下,集成电路设计中器件工艺尺寸和版图结构的选择具有一定指导意义。     

陶瓷原料中二氧化硅分析方法的对比与选择

本文综合各种文献 ,对陶瓷原料中SiO2 的各种分析方法的优缺点 ,使用条件 ,应用侧重点进行了比较与评述     

丙型肝炎负链RNA的检测及意义

检测HCV（－）RNA是了解HCV复制的有效手段。本研究采用HCV负链RNA检测法检查5例慢性活动性丙型肝炎病人的肝组织及10例慢性活动性肝炎病人的血浆及淋巴－单核细胞。HCV负链RNA在前者均被检出，但在后者未被检出。将一份HCV负链RNA阳性的肝组织提取液作10－2稀释后仍可测得阳性结果，说明肝脏为HCV复制的主要器官；该方法可用于疑难病人肝穿刺标本的检测及其它研究。     

Sex attractants for Geometrid and Noctuid moths

Male moths belonging to 17 species of Geometridae and nine species of Noctuidae were captured in traps baited with synthetic chemicals as part of a field screening program. The compounds tested were the C₁₈-C₂₂ homologs of: (1) (3Z,6Z,9Z)-triene hydrocarbons; (2) mixtures containing equal quantities of (3Z,6Z)-cis-9,10-expoxydienes, (3Z,92Z)-cis-6,7-epoxydienes, and (6Z,9Z)-cis-3,4-epoxydienes; (3) (3Z,6Z)-9S,10R-epoxydienes; (4) (3Z,6Z)-9R,10S-epoxydienes; and (5) (3Z,6Z,9Z,11E)-nonadecatetraene. Field captures and electroantennographic assays revealed a high degree of specificity in the responses of many species to the synthetic chemicals. In several species the ability of males to discriminate between the 9S,10R and 9R,10S enantiomers of the monoepoxydiene isomers was clearly shown. Synergists and inhibitors were discovered for several of the reported attractants, some of which were not previously known to have semiochemical activity. The geometrid moths captured includedEpirrhoe sperryi (Herbulot),Mesoleuca ruficillata (Guenée),Triphosa haesitata (Guenée),Metanema inatomaria (Guenée),Prochoerodes transversata (Drury),Cabera erythemaria (Guenée),Synaxis jubararia (Hulst),Dysstroma brunneata ethela (Hulst),Eulithes testata (Linnaeus),Sicya macularia (Harris),Xanthorhoe iduata (Guenée),X. abrasaria aquilonaria (Herrich-Schäffer),X. munitata (Hübner),Itame loricaria (Eversmann),Eupithecia annulata (Hulst),E. rovocastaliata (Packard) andE. satyrata dodata (Taylor). The noctuid moths captured includedBleptina caradrinalis (Guenée),Idia américalis (Guenée),I. aemula (Hübner),Rivula propinqualis (Guenée),Lomanaltes eductalis (Walker),Spargaloma sexpunctata (Grote),Caenurgina distincta (Neumuller),Euclidia cuspidea (Hübner), andZale duplicata (Bethune). Six of the nine noctuid species captured belong to three subfamilies for which sex attractants had not been reported previously. Details for the stereospecific synthesis of (3Z,6Z)-cis-9,10-epoxydienes are also reported.Issued as NRCC No. 24314.     

改进的细菌觅食优化算法求解0-1背包问题

细菌觅食优化算法作为一种新兴的智能优化算法,一般用来解决连续域的问题。为了解决离散域问题,提出了一种改进的细菌觅食优化算法。采用线性递减的思想和随机的游动长度代替固定步长和随机游动方向,改进了趋向性操作方案,并将其应用于解决0-1背包问题。将改进的细菌觅食优化算法与遗传算法、离散粒子群优化算法及基本的离散化细菌觅食优化算法分别在小规模和大规模的0-1背包问题上进行了仿真比较,表明了改进的细菌觅食优化算法能取得较好的效果,寻优能力强。     

一锅法合成3,4-二甲氧基噻吩

以丁二酮和原甲酸甲酯为原料,合成的2,3-二甲氧基丁二烯不经分离,直接与二氯化硫反应,一锅法成功合成了目标产物3,4-二甲氧基噻吩,总产率达60%。用核磁、红外、紫外等波谱鉴定了目标分子的结构。本法具有反应条件温和,后处理简单,产率高等优点。     

采用防爆剂克服搪瓷鱼鳞爆

国内外的许多学者对鱼鳞爆的形成机理已经进行过大量的研究。早期的一些研究者由于缺乏设备来准确检查、分析鱼鳞爆产生过程中释放出的气体,因此未能将鱼鳞爆归结于钢板中的氢,而认为鱼鳞爆是由于钢板与瓷层之间结合不牢固所造成的。现在,随着科学技术的不断发展,人们发现鱼鳞爆形成的最主要原因是钢板中氢的吸收、扩散和溢出所致。 Moore和Sweo通过研究证实,瓷釉中结合的水和炉窑中空气的水份占氢源总量的