A User‐Centric Evaluation Procedure for the Design of Child‐Resistant Medicine Bottles

Recently, people have begun to realize the importance of child‐resistant (CR) medicine packaging. However, most manufacturers and designers have not been able to effectively provide prevention strategies or design criteria to protect consumers. This research proposes a systematic approach to analyze CR packaging design problems and experiments to evaluate the identified design parameters and to generate the most suitable CR medicine packaging design. The design of a CR packaging bottle is used as an example to help explain the development procedure. During the development procedure, user trials, questionnaires, and children's anthropometric data on bottle opening and hand operations are analyzed. Five design parameters, specifically the cap diameter, cap height, bottle height, bottle diameter, and torsion, are identified and used to perform a Taguchi orthogonal array experimental analysis. A computer‐aided design system is also built to help generate the most suitable design alternatives. The results should assist designers in determining the most important CR design parameters and their most suitable combinations for bottle and related CR medicine packaging design.     

基于生态足迹的调水工程环境影响评价——以牛栏江-滇池补水工程为例

牛栏江-滇池补水工程调水后对水源地牛栏江流域的生物资源、工业和生活用水情况将产生一定影响,使其生态供给量和需求量发生变化,因此必须对水源地的生态承载力进行评价。利用构建的调水工程生态足迹计算模型,对牛栏江-滇池补水工程对水源地牛栏江流域的环境影响进行了评价。结果表明,补水工程对牛栏江流域生态承载力影响程度极低,处于当地生态系统可承载的范围之内。研究成果为牛栏江流域的生态环境保护规划提供了科学依据,也可为其他调水工程环境影响评价提供借鉴。      

Looking Back to Move Forward: Measuring the Impact of Existing Digital Resources Relevant to Irish Archaeology

The proliferation of digital resources is an important manifestation of data sharing and knowledge sharing practice. There is an increasing recognition of the importance of understanding the actual impact of these resources on research and research practice. Impact assessment methodologies are emerging from this nascent scholarship and offer a means of demonstrating performance and utility. This study took a multi-strand approach, inspired by the Toolkit for the Impact of Digitised Scholarly Resources (TIDSR), to evaluate seven digital resources relating to Irish archaeology. The results indicated significant factors that can influence the impact of a digital resource, positively or negatively.     

基于漏磁原理的钢丝绳探伤仪影响因素研究

介绍了钢丝绳探伤仪漏磁检测原理,并使用有限元分析方法分析了传感器零件的材料、钢丝绳的提离距离及断丝根数等对基于漏磁原理的钢丝绳探伤仪检测结果的影响。分析结果表明,提离距离、断丝根数等因素对探伤仪检测结果影响较大,断丝角度、深度等因素影响较小。     

A note on semidefinite relaxation for 0-1 quadratic knapsack problems

We investigate in this note solution properties of semidefinite programming (SDP) relaxation for 0-1 quadratic knapsack problem (QKP). In particular, we focus on the issue of uniqueness of the optimal solution to the SDP relaxation for QKP. We first give a counterexample which shows that the optimal solution to the SDP relaxation for QKP could be non-unique. This is in contrast with the case of unconstrained 0-1 quadratic problems. A necessary and sufficient condition is then derived to ensure the uniqueness of the optimal solution to the SDP relaxation for QKP.     

基于多源遥感数据的西霞院水库建设前后 生态景观变化分析

利用RS, GIS空间信息技术,基于Landsat TM/ETM + , CBERS-02B CCD遥感影像数据专题解译,对西霞院水库建设前后区域景观格局动态变化进行了分析,探讨了景观格局变化的驱动力。结果表明:区域景观格局变化是自然环境条件和人为因素相互作用、共同约束的结果,其中水利工程建设是景观格局变化的直接驱动力,人口增加和城镇化以及自然因子对于区域景观格局变化也起到一定
促进作用。     

黄河海勃湾水利枢纽取水影响分析

黄河海勃湾水利枢纽是一座防凌、发电等综合利用的大型水利枢纽。重点从工程建成后对区域水资源、水域纳污能力、坝下河段最小生态水量、水温、水质、水生生物、西鄂尔多斯国家级自然保护区以及内蒙古河段防凌等方面的影响进行了详细的分析论述,总结了水利水电建设项目水资源论证中取水影响分析的经验以及需重点关注的问题,可为类似建设项目水资源论证取水影响分析提供参考。     

小浪底水库2000-2006年运用效果分析

对小浪底水库2000-2006年的运用效果进行了分析,结果表明:①自1999年10月至2006年10月,小浪底水库库区累计淤积量为21.27亿m3,其中干流淤积量为18.01亿m3,支流淤积量为3.26亿m3,利津以上河段累计冲刷泥沙13.23亿t,黄河下游河道主河槽最小平滩流量已由2002年汛前的1 800 m3/s增大至3 500 m3/s左右;②2002-2006年,水库实施了5次调水调沙,均实现了下游主槽的全线冲刷;③经三门峡、小浪底等水库联合调度,有效削减了洪峰流量,减小了下游河道发生漫滩洪水的几率,减轻了滩区群众淹没损失;④小浪底水库的合理调度不仅确保了特枯水年黄河下游不断流,改善了下游河道生态环境,而且多次为外流域供水;⑤1999-2006年,小浪底水电站累计发电量为255.92亿kW·h.     

1950—2010年黄河径流情势变化特点

对1950—2010年黄河径流地区分布不均匀、断流和连续枯水段历时较长等特点进行了分析,阐述了天气变化、植被变化、水利工程对径流的调节、工农业及生活用水等影响黄河径流变化的因素,提出了相关建议:①长期推行节水和水土保持建设;②建立流域机构统一管理与省(区)水行政主管部门分级管理相结合的黄河水资源管理体系;③积极推进补水工程建设;④建立污染物入河总量控制、排污入河许可等水资源保护制度,提升对污染物输移扩散的预测预报水平与能力。