Multi-walled carbon nanotubes-based magnetic solid-phase extraction for the determination of zearalenone and its derivatives in maize by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

A simple and rapid magnetic solid-phase extraction (M-SPE) procedure using multi-walled carbon nanotube-magnetic nanoparticles (MWCNT-MNPs) as sorbents was established for purification of zearalenone (ZEA), α-zearalenol (α-ZOL), β-zearalenol (β-ZOL), zearalanone (ZAN), α-zearalanol (α-ZAL) and β-zearalanol (β-ZAL) in maize. The main parameters affecting the clean-up efficiency were thoroughly investigated, and high purification efficiencies for all analytes were obtained. The resulting MWCNT-MNP-ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) method was validated for maize samples. The matrix effects were greatly minimized using the M-SPE approach, with signal suppression/enhancement values decreased from 69.9–127.6% to 92.1–103.8%. Consequently, complex matrix-matched calibration curves were not necessary and the calibrations constructed in acetonitrile could be applied for accurate quantification of the targeted mycotoxins in real samples. The average recoveries ranged from 75.8 to 104.1% and the inter- and intra-day precision values expressed as RSDs, were all lower than 14%. Limits of detection and quantification were in the range of 0.03–0.04 and 0.07–0.10 μg/kg, respectively. The analytical performance of the developed method was also successfully evaluated with maize samples, and this method was proved to be a powerful tool for monitoring ZEA and its derivatives in maize.     

Second-Order optical non-linearities of {4-(dimethylamino) stilben z & e 4'-yl} dimesityl borane

Samples of {4-(dimethylamino) stilben Z & E 4'-yl} dimesityl borane (BNS) were synthesised and investigated for their non-linear optical properties. The results show that the quadratic hyperpolarisability of the Z-isomer is smaller than that of the E-isomer, the beta value found for the latter being as high as 60 × 10^?30 esu.     

Oxidative desulfurization using graphene and its composites for fuel containing thiophene and its derivatives: An update review

Oxidative desulfurization, in which the aromatic sulfur containing compounds are oxidized to their analogical sulfones and subsequently extracted, has assured to be one of the exceedingly effective desulfurization processes for resulting ultra-low sulfur import fuels. The oxidative desulfurization process using graphene oxide has attracted significant interest for sulfur removal from fuels. In this survey, we discussed systematically the techniques of desulfurizations in catalytic oxidation, including the role of graphene as a supported catalyst, the research results of oxidative desulfurization using graphene oxide and provided the factors affecting the desulfurization process. We also debate the challenges counterattack the use of graphene oxide in this view, including their preparation methods and their efficiency and stability as a supported catalyst. Also, there are some of the desulfurization processes currently under investigation such as oxidation, biodesulfurization, and adsorption was outlined in brief. The combustion of fossil fuels containing sulfur compounds emits some of the sulfur oxides which considered a harmful influence on human health and the surrounding environment as well as the economy. It can be concluded that GO remains a kind of ideal supported catalysts to recognize a pure fuel in the near futurity due to their eligible physicochemical characteristics.     

二茂铁及其衍生物修饰电极的研究

二茂铁及其衍生物修饰电极在电催化、电分析和生物传感器等方面具有重要的应用前景。本文对二茂铁及其衍生物修饰电极分类、制备、特点及其应用等方面的研究现状作了归纳和评述。提出了今后研究工作的方向。     

Lithiation MXene Derivative Skeletons for Wide-Temperature Lithium Metal Anodes

Lithium (Li) metal, as an appealing candidate for the next-generation of high-energy-density batteries, is plagued by its safety issue mainly caused by uncontrolled dendrite growth and infinite volume expansion. Developing new materials that can improve the performance of Li-metal anode is one of the urgent tasks. Herein, a new MXene derivative containing pure rutile TiO₂ and N-doped carbon prepared by heat-treating MXene under a mixing gas, exhibiting high chemical activity in molten Li, is reported. The lithiation MXene derivative with a hybrid of LiTiO₂-Li₃N-C and Li offers outstanding electrochemical properties. The symmetrical cell assembling lithiation MXene derivative hybrid anode exhibits an ultra-long cycle lifespan of 2000 h with an overpotential of ≈30 mV at 1 mA cm⁻², which overwhelms Li-based anodes reported so far. Additionally, long-term operations of 34, 350, and 500 h at 10 mA cm⁻² can be achieved in symmetrical cells at temperatures of −10, 25, and 50 °C, respectively. Both experimental tests and density functional theory calculations confirm that the LiTiO₂-Li₃N-C skeleton serves as a promising host for Li infusion by alleviating volume variation. Simultaneously, the superlithiophilic interphase of Li₃N guides Li deposition along the LiTiO₂-Li₃N-C skeleton to avoid dendrite growth.     

聚羧酸及其衍生物结合与捕获金属离子的能力

介绍了高分子结合与捕获金属离子能力的评价方法,评述聚羧酸及其衍生物结合与捕获金属离子的能力。     

新型有机非线性光学材料二苯基戊二烯酮衍生物的初步研究

制备了１８种二苯基戊二烯酮衍生物的粉末晶体样品，对紫外可见光谱和光声光谱的测定表明，它们的最大紫外吸收波长λｍａｘ在３２０～３８０ｎｍ之间，截止吸收波长λｃｕｔ－ｏｆ的范围为４５０～５１０ｎｍ，在蓝光波段有良好的透光性，粉末晶体的倍频系数ＳＨＧ为６～１９（Ｉ２ω／Ｉ２ωｕｒｅａ），比二苯甲酮和查尔酮的衍生物的倍频性能更好，表明其在低功率激光方面的良好应用前景。     

肉桂醛衍生物的分子二阶非线性光学效应的理论研究

采用ＣＮＤＯ／Ｓ—ＣＩ方法结合引入外场的微扰理论．计算了一系列内桂醛衍生物的分子二阶极化率，并且从微观上探讨了该类化合物取代基的电子性质、取代基位置及其取代数目对分子二阶非线性光学系数的影响。结果表明，该类化合物有较高的分子二阶极化率；取代基的电子性质和取代方式对其有明显的影响。     

Catalytic performance of Cu- and Zr-modified beta zeolite catalysts in the methylation of 2-methylnaphthalene

2,6-Dimethylnaphthalene(2,6-DMN) is a commercially important chemical for the production of polyethylenenaphthalate and polybutylene naphthalate. However, its complex synthesis procedure and high production cost significantly reduce the use of 2,6-DMN. In this study, the synthesis of 2,6-DMN was investigated with methylation of 2-methylnaphthalene(2-MN) over metal-loaded beta zeolite catalysts including beta zeolite, Cu-impregnated beta zeolite and Zr-impregnated beta zeolite. The experiments were performed in a fixed-bed reactor at atmospheric pressure under a nitrogen atmosphere. The reactor was operated at a temperature range of 400–500 °C and varying weight hourly space velocity between 1 and 3 h~(-1).The results demonstrated that 2,6-DMN can be synthesized by methylation of 2-MN over beta type zeolite catalysts.Besides 2,6-DMN, the product stream also contained other DMN isomers such as 2,7-DMN, 1,3-DMN, 1,2-DMN and 2,3-DMN. The activity and selectivity of beta zeolite catalyst were remarkably enhanced by Zr impregnation, whereas Cu modification of beta zeolite catalyst had an insignificant effect on its selectivity. The highest conversion of 2-MN reached81%, the highest ratio of 2,6-DMN/2,7-DMN reached 2.6 and the highest selectivity of 2,6-DMN was found to be 20% by using Zr-modified beta zeolite catalyst.     

5,6-二氨基呋咱并[3,4-b]吡嗪-4,7-二氧化物（DAFPO）的合成、结构及性能

新型高能不敏感含能材料的合成对于武器装备能量水平和安全性的提升有重要意义。以5,6-二氨基呋咱并[3,4-b]吡嗪为原料,经氧化反应首次合成了5,6-二氨基呋咱并[3,4-b]吡嗪-4,7-二氧化物(DAFPO),用核磁共振(氢谱、碳谱、氮谱)、红外光谱和元素分析对其进行了表征。以乙酸乙酿为溶剂使用缓慢蒸发法获得了DAFPO-2H_2O的单晶,利用X-射线单晶衍射和Hirshfeld表面分析完成了结构解析和分子间相互作用研究。结果表明,DAFPO·2H_2O属正交晶系,Pna2_1空间群,296 K下晶体密度1.806 g·cm~(-3),分子间存在较强的O…H和N…H氢键作用。使用差示扫描量热法(DSC)和热失重法(TG/DTG)进行热分析,结果显示其热分解峰温为131.8℃。基于原子化反应利用Gaussian 09计算DAFPO的固相生成热为753.5 kJ·mol~(-1),由气体膨胀置换法测得其密度1.86 g·cm~(-3),使用EXPLO5预测其理论爆速和理论爆压分别为8836 m·s~(-1)和36.0 GPa,采用BAM标准方法测得其撞击感度大于40 J,摩擦感度大于360 N。性能研究结果表明,DAFPO是一种兼具较高能量水平和优良安全性能的新型不敏感含能材料。