近红外光谱技术在牛奶及其制品质量检测中的应用

近红外光谱技术作为一种新型的分析检测技术,正在获得越来越广泛的应用。本文阐述了近红外光谱技术的基本原理、具体检测步骤和国内近红外光谱技术在牛奶及乳制品质量分析方面应用的最新研究进展。对目前研究存在的问题进行了分析,对以后进一步的研究进行了展望,并提出了一些建议。     

分体式空调红外遥控电脑控制器

本文阐述了用MCS—51单片机与红外遥控器相结合实现对分体式空调的温度、湿度、风速、定时等参量的智能化遥控。开发出价格性能比优越的产品。     

InGaAs光电阴极像增强器研究

ＩｎＧａＡｓ 光电阴极像增强器的光谱为１－０ ～１－３μｍ 和１－０ ～１－１μｍ 。对用于像增强器中的ＩｎＧａＡｓ 光电阴极进行了研究。研究的方法有：光致发光法、微型瑞曼法、扫描俄歇俄法。将ＩｎＧａＡｓ 像增强器的光谱和标准的第二代和第三代像增强器进行比较。文中还报导了负电子亲和势ＩｎＧａＡｓ 光电阴极摄像管的性能参数：光谱灵敏度、白光光响应、等效背景照度、信噪比、调制传递函数以及像增强器的性能。对ＩｎＧａＡｓ 负电子亲和势光电阴极和标准第二代像增强器阴级直接进行比较。最后评价了近红外ＩｎＧａＡｓ 光电阴极像增强器的先进性。     

液晶红外传感器系统

液晶红外传感器系统包括液晶斩波器,驱动电路、液晶聚合物热电元件、探测器、放大器和显示器等。液晶斩波器还可应用于温差电堆、热敏电阻测辐射热仪、红外摄象机等。热电液晶聚合物还可用作压电、驻极体、非线性光学元件等。     

Self‐Healing,Flexible, and Tailorable Triboelectric Nanogenerators for Self‐Powered Sensors based on Thermal Effect of Infrared Radiation

Self‐healing triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) with flexibility, robustness, and conformability are highly desirable for promising flexible and wearable devices, which can serve as a durable, stable, and renewable power supply, as well as a self‐powered sensor. Herein, an entirely self‐healing, flexible, and tailorable TENG is designed as a wearable sensor to monitor human motion, with infrared radiation from skin to promote self‐healing after being broken based on thermal effect of infrared radiation. Human skin is a natural infrared radiation emitter, providing favorable conditions for the device to function efficiently. The reversible imine bonds and quadruple hydrogen bonding (UPy) moieties are introduced into polymer networks to construct self‐healable electrification layer. UPy‐functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes are further incorporated into healable polymer to obtain conductive nanocomposite. Driven by the dynamic bonds, the designed and synthesized materials show excellent intrinsic self‐healing and shape‐tailorable features. Moreover, there is a robust interface bonding in the TENG devices due to the similar healable networks between electrification layer and electrode. The output electric performances of the self‐healable TENG devices can almost restore their original state when the damage of the devices occurs. This work presents a novel strategy for flexible devices, contributing to future sustainable energy and wearable electronics.     

Highly Efficient,Bright, and Stable Colloidal Quantum Dot Short‐Wave Infrared Light‐Emitting Diodes

Unbalanced charge injection is deleterious for the performance of colloidal quantum dot (CQD) light‐emitting diodes (LEDs) as it deteriorates the quantum efficiency, brightness, and operational lifetime. CQD LEDs emitting in the infrared have previously achieved high quantum efficiencies but only when driven to emit in the low‐radiance regime. At higher radiance levels, required for practical applications, the efficiency decreased dramatically in view of the notorious efficiency droop. Here, a novel methodology is reported to regulate charge supply in multinary bandgap CQD composites that facilitates improved charge balance. The current approach is based on engineering the energetic potential landscape at the supra‐nanocrystalline level that has allowed to report short‐wave infrared PbS CQD LEDs with record‐high external quantum efficiency in excess of 8%, most importantly, at a radiance level of ≈5 W sr^?1 m², an order of magnitude higher than prior reports. Furthermore, the balanced charge injection and Auger recombination reduction has led to unprecedentedly high operational stability with radiance half‐life of 26 068 h at a radiance of 1 W sr^?1 m^?2.     

制冷型红外探测器的冷屏优化设计方法

制冷型红外探测器中的冷屏通常采用直角结构挡光环,而经过挡光环侧壁反射的杂散光可以直接到达焦平面,使探测器的成像质量大幅下降。通过对冷屏挡光环结构进行理论分析,提出了一种抑制杂散光的挡光环侧壁的优化结构。利用Lighttools软件对优化前后的冷屏进行了模拟分析,杂散光的总功率减少71.6%。通过实验验证,探测器的平均响应非均匀性减少27.1%,成像效果有明显改善。结果表明,这种挡光环侧壁的优化结构对于抑制杂散光是十分有效的。     

红外遥控倒计时器的设计与实现

简要介绍了红外遥控的原理以及红外信号编/解码方法,设计并实现了一种可通过红外信号遥控的倒计时器.该设计以8位单片机AT89C2051为核心,利用普通家电遥控器和红外接收头HS0038实现红外信号的发送和接收,一次性可编程语音芯片API840N用于产生提示语音,完成的倒计时器具有设计简洁、计时精度高、操作方便等优点.     

采用相位板的中波红外共形光学系统设计

为了满足现代军事装备中的侦查需求,提出了一种新型的红外共形成像光学系统,在消除光学头罩引入的复杂像差过程中,采用一对轴向移动的相位板来实现像差动态校正.给出了一个红外共形成像光学系统设计实例,其工作谱段为3.7μm～4.8μm,焦距为40mm,长径比为1.0,瞬时视场为2°,扫描视场为±15°.结果表明,在奈奎斯特频率...     

界面结合强度的激光划痕综合检测装置的设计

建立了膜-基界面结合强度的红外激光准静态划痕的检测新方法。采用红外激光对膜层样品进行连续划痕,通过摄像机,获得膜-基界面的划痕图像,经过Matlab预处理后准备调用;同时采用红外热像仪实时在线检测样品表面的受热状态。信号检测系统检测薄膜表面温度和划痕图像等参数,返回信号处理系统进行分析和处理。从而实现对膜-基界面结合强度的检测。