An inverse solution of the lifetime-oriented design problem

This paper presents a new solution of the lifetime-oriented design problem. This solution is based on a point-to-point allocation between the space of the design parameters and the space of structural responses. Each point in the space of the design parameters defines a feasible or non-feasible design, and all feasible designs guarantee compliance with a predetermined lifetime. From the set of feasible designs, one or more designs may be selected with the aid of technical or economic criteria. The presented solution permits the consideration of non-statistical data uncertainty, thereby leading to an uncertain lifetime. Because of the unavoidable information deficit, for example incomplete data in practical problems, the application of non-statistical data uncertainty is more realistic than the application of stochastic data models. The selection of feasible design variants is based on methods of explorative data analysis.     

聚合反应条件对聚羧酸系高效减水剂分散性能的影响

研究了聚合反应条件对聚羧酸系减水剂分散性能的影响。结果表明,在聚合反应过程中,加热方式、聚合反应温度、单体溶液的滴加速度等因素均会对聚羧酸系减水剂的分散性能产生一定的影响。减水剂在水泥净浆中的掺量不同时,各因素的作用效果也不同。     

复合油相材料对低温快速化学敏化乳化炸药的影响

采用正交试验法研究复合油相材料性能指标对低温快速化学敏化乳化炸药爆轰性能及储存期的影响,并探寻适合低温快速化学敏化乳化炸药生产且满足其储存期要求的复合油相材料指标。     

Mini-hydrocyclones application in the reduction of the total oil-grease (TOG) in a prepared sample of produced water

The process of de-oiling produced water from offshore oil fields was evaluated using hydrocyclones. An experimental design was employed and the results were used to create an empirical model that describes the reduced separation efficiency as a function of different concentrations of infeed and the pressure drop. A study was made of the procedure for preparing the oil-water emulsions used here in order to reproduce the TOG of the produced water generated in oil field. A procedure to verify the operation of these devices demonstrated that six hydrocyclones operating in tandem can attain the legally acceptable concentration of oil in the treated effluent.     

MCPA6/埃洛石纳米管复合材料性能研究

以氢氧化钠为催化剂,N–乙酰己内酰胺为活化剂,原位聚合制备MCPA6/埃洛石纳米管(MCPA6/HNT)复合材料,并利用凝胶渗透色谱、场发射扫描电子显微镜、差示扫描量热、热重分析和力学性能测试等方法研究HNT用量对复合材料结构和性能的影响。结果表明,HNT的引入使得PA6的分子量下降,分子量分布变宽;经硅烷偶联剂(KH–550)处理后的HNT能均匀分布在MCPA6中,且与基体具有较好的界面性能;HNT可以明显提高复合材料的结晶速率、结晶度以及分解温度;随着HNT含量增加,体系的拉伸强度和缺口冲击强度呈先增大后减小的趋势,而断裂伸长率逐渐下降,当HNT含量为1.5%时,MCPA6/HNT的综合力学性能最佳,拉伸强度和缺口冲击强度分别较MCPA6提高21.3%和14.9%。     

含铜抗菌纤维

含铜抗菌纤维是一种功能性纤维,具有阻断疾病传播、消除异味、修复皮肤等效果,是新型的抗菌纺织品,目前流行于欧美等国。主要介绍了含铜抗菌纤维的分类、特点,着重陈述了以卡普龙含铜纤维为代表的接枝改性抗菌纤维的抗菌机制及优势。     

Synthesis of Vegetable Fat Containing Chitosan Microparticles with Improved Physical and Delivery Properties

The present study describes the encapsulation of vegetable fats (cocoa butter and mango butter) within chitosan microparticles by double emulsion technique to prevent leaching of the internal apolar phase. Leaching studies suggested negligible leaching of the internal phase (～12–14%) when the fats were encapsulated as compared to the control (～40%). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimeter studies confirmed the successful encapsulation of fats. The release of drug (ciprofloxacin) from the microparticles was diffusion and erosion mediated and were capable to elicit antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli. The study suggests that the developed microparticles have the potential for controlled delivery of antimicrobials.     

阳离子型含氟聚丙烯酸酯无皂乳液的合成 及其性能研究

以可逆加成-断裂链转移(RAFT)聚合合成的聚甲基丙烯酸N,N-二甲氨基乙酯-b-丙烯酸六氟丁酯（PDMAEMA-b-PHFBA）为稳定剂,通过无皂乳液聚合技术合成了阳离子型含氟聚丙烯酸酯无皂乳液。采用红外光谱(FT-IR)、核磁共振氢谱(1H-NMR)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、动态光散射(DLS)对乳胶粒子和聚合物的结构进行了表征。结果表明,当PDMAEMA-b-PHFBA用量为2.4%时,乳液的稳定性好,转化率高,乳胶粒具有明显的核壳结构,且粒径分布窄。将阳离子型含氟聚丙烯酸酯无皂乳液用于皮革涂饰后,皮革表面的防水防油性得到明显提高,随着丙烯酸六氟丁酯用量的增加,涂饰后的皮革对水和二碘甲烷的接触角逐渐增加,当丙烯酸六氟丁酯用量为10%时,涂饰后的皮革对水的接触角为125?,对二碘甲烷的接触角为81.5?。     

热聚合法自交联共轭亚油酸囊泡的制备与释药性能

为考察以热聚合法取代紫外辐照法在较高浓度下制备稳定的脂肪酸囊泡的可行性,以可聚合单体共轭亚油酸(CLA)及其钠盐混合物为原料,在水溶液中经p H响应自组装得到共轭亚油酸囊泡(CLA-Ufasome),再通过热聚合法对高浓度CLA-Ufasome自交联进行化学绑定,制备稳定的自交联共轭亚油酸囊泡(CLA-FAV),并采用透射电子显微镜(TEM)和动态激光光散射(DLS)对其进行表征。结果表明,在p H=8.6的条件下,在3~100mmol/L〔cvc(CLA)的500倍〕的浓度范围内均得到粒径为10~20 nm的CLA-FAV。说明经简单的热聚合法制备的CLA-FAV形貌与紫外法基本一致;该热聚合法CLA-FAV对5-氟尿嘧啶(5-FU)具有良好的包载缓释效果。