反相液相色谱法测定复方泰妙菌素注射液中泰妙菌素、磺胺嘧啶钠的含量

目的：建立反相液相色谱法测定复方泰妙菌素注射液中泰妙菌素、磺胺嘧啶钠的含量的方法。方法：采用Shim—packCLC—ODS柱（150mm×6mm,5μm）,流动相为80％乙腈-0．7％磷酸氢二铵（体积比为0．3：0．7）并用氨试液调节pH至8．0±0．1。流速为1．0mL／min,检测波长为208nm,柱温为40℃。结果：在此色谱条件下两者能完全分离,泰妙菌素在5-40μg／mL和磺胺嘧啶钠在10—80μg／mL的范围内浓度与峰面积呈良好的线性关系,回归方程和相关系数分别为：A=47205．9p＋2003．72,R=0．9999;A=77050p＋5514．75,R=0．9999。泰妙菌素和磺胺嘧啶钠的平均回8：4分别为99．99％、99．7％;RSD分别为0．70％、0．95％。结论：方法简便、快速、准确,可用作复方泰妙菌素注射液的含量测定。     

Zn对AB5型贮氢合金的影响

研究了Zn替代Co对AB5型MlNi3.6Mn0.4Al0.3Co0.7贮氢合金相结构和电化学性能的影响。Zn替代Co使合金的晶胞参数和体积增大,导致贮氢合金最大放电容量增加,循环稳定性有所下降;随着Zn含量由0增加到0.5,氢的扩散系数由0.31×10-7m2/s增加到3.72×10-7m2/s,交换电流密度由157 mA/g增加到191 mA/g,合金极化电阻由1.23Ω减少到1.01Ω,合金表面电催化活性和高倍率性能得到了改善。     

制氢工艺改造的节能效果

介绍甲醇裂解制氢工艺特性,比较电解制氢和甲醇裂解制氢不同生产工艺电能消耗,分析节电机理,计算削峰能力,评价经济效果,为制氢生产企业提供典例。     

可再生能源发电制绿氢和氢能储运技术现状与发展分析

氢能已纳入我国能源发展战略。绿氢作为一种绿色二次能源,能够助推实现“双碳”目标。氢气制备和储运是氢能产业链的关键环节。重点阐述了电解水制绿氢和氢能储运的技术类型与发展现状,并对其应用前景和发展趋势进行了分析;提出氢气生产成本和储运方式是限制氢大规模部署的主要技术瓶颈;最后为传统电力企业进入绿氢制备和储运产业提供了一些思考和建议。     

Recent Advances in Porphyrin-Based Systems for Electrochemical Oxygen Evolution Reaction

Oxygen evolution reaction (OER) plays a pivotal role in the development of renewable energy methods, such as water-splitting devices and the use of Zn–air batteries. First-row transition metal complexes are promising catalyst candidates due to their excellent electrocatalytic performance, rich abundance, and cheap price. Metalloporphyrins are a class of representative high-efficiency complex catalysts owing to their structural and functional characteristics. However, OER based on porphyrin systems previously have been paid little attention in comparison to the well-described oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), hydrogen evolution reaction, and CO₂ reduction reaction. Recently, porphyrin-based systems, including both small molecules and porous polymers for electrochemical OER, are emerging. Accordingly, this review summarizes the recent advances of porphyrin-based systems for electrochemical OER. Firstly, the electrochemical OER for water oxidation is discussed, which shows various methodologies to achieve catalysis from homogeneous to heterogeneous processes. Subsequently, the porphyrin-based catalytic systems for bifunctional oxygen electrocatalysis including both OER and ORR are demonstrated. Finally, the future development of porphyrin-based catalytic systems for electrochemical OER is briefly prospected.     

Strong Hydrogen Bonds in Acetylenedicarboxylic Acid Dihydrate

Acetylenedicarboxylic acid dihydrate (ADAD) represents a complex with strong hydrogen bonding between the carboxylic OH and the water molecule. An X-ray re-examination of the ADAD crystal structure confirms the O^…O distance of the short hydrogen bonds, and clearly shows different bond lengths between the two oxygen atoms with respect to the carbon atom in the carboxyl group, indicating a neutral structure for the complex. The neutral structure was also confirmed by vibrational spectroscopy, as no proton transfer was observed. The diffraction studies also revealed two polymorph modifications: room temperature (α) and low temperature (β), with a phase transition at approximately 4.9 °C. The calculated vibrational spectra are in satisfactory agreement with the experimental spectra. A comparison of the structure and the vibrational spectra between the ADAD and the oxalic acid dihydrate reveals some interesting details. The crystal structures of both crystal hydrates are almost identical; only the O^…O distances of the strongest hydrogen bonds differ by 0.08 Å. Although it was expected that a larger O^…O spacing in the ADAD crystal may significantly change the infrared and Raman spectra, especially for the frequency and the shape of the acidic OH stretching vibration, both the shape and frequency are almost identical, with all subpeaks topped on the broad OH stretching vibration. The O^…O distance dependent are only in- and out-of-plane OH deformations modes. The presence of polarons due to the ionized defects was not observed in the vibrational spectra of ADAD. Therefore, the origin of the broad OH band shape was explained in a similar way to the acid dimers. The anharmonicity of a potential enhances the coupling of the OH stretching with the low-frequency hydrogen bond stretching, which, in addition to the Fermi resonance, structures the band shape of the OH stretching. The fine structure found as a superposition of a broad OH stretching is attributed to Davydov coupling.     

ALPUR除气装置在25 t熔铸生产线中的应用

25 t燃油熔铝炉熔炼的铝合金熔体中氢含量较高,配备ALPUR除气净化装置,通过合理使用,达到了满意的除氢效果,保证了铸锭的内部质量。     

白藜芦醇糖苷类衍生物的设计与合成

以白藜芦醇及其类似物紫檀芪为原料,采用Schmidt成苷法、相转移催化法,分别与溴代糖和乙酰氨基糖反应,得紫檀芪乙酰葡萄糖苷和(E)-5,4'-二叔丁基二甲基硅基-3-(2"-乙酰氨基-3",4",6"-三乙酰葡萄糖二苯乙烯,其结构经红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱和质谱表征.     

制氢装置炉管花斑红管的原因分析和解决办法

中国石化石家庄炼油化工股份有限公司制氢装置在生产运行过程中两次出现转化炉炉管表面花斑红管现象,转化出口气体中甲烷含量超标。对炉管产生花斑红管的因素逐一分析后认为：转化炉火嘴偏烧火焰舔炉管、催化剂粉尘积聚导致转化催化剂轻微积炭是主要原因。通过增大转化水碳比、减小生产负荷消除了炉管花斑红管现象,转化出口气体中甲烷含量恢复到指标范围内。     

制氢装置水分器三通开裂原因分析

分析了某炼油厂制氢装置水分器三通的腐蚀开裂原因,认为在高温工况时,失效构件的高温蒸汽腐蚀诱发的应力腐蚀占主导地位,它破坏了不锈钢表面氧化膜的保护性并产生腐蚀微裂纹,冲刷和气蚀及二氧化碳腐蚀起加剧作用;在低温工况时,氢致开裂占主导地位,进一步使裂纹扩展直至开裂;各种腐蚀形式交互影响,加剧了水分器三通的腐蚀开裂失效。通过工艺流程动改,取消了三通部件,彻底消除了该部位存在的腐蚀开裂隐患。