纳米级(W,Ni,Fe)复合氧化物粉末的制备

通过适当的溶液配制，并采用喷雾干燥法制备了（W，Ni，Fe)复合氧化物粉末。对复合氧化物粉末进行煅烧、超声分散得到纳米级(W，Ni，Fe)复合氧化物粉末；使用X射线衍射仪及扫描电子显微镜分别对不同煅烧温度处理的复合氧化物粉末进行了物相分析和形貌观察。研究结果表明：喷雾干燥法制得的复合氧化物粉末各种组元是在原子水平上的均匀混合，且非晶化程度高；400℃煅烧处理后粉末颗粒中各组元还是处于非晶化状态；600℃煅烧处理后，粉末颗粒物相的主要存在形式为WO3(单斜系)、WO3(六方系)和NiWO4；复合粉末BET粒度为80．1nm，复合粉末Fsss粒度为0．42μm；粉末颗粒为球形或近球形，粉末分散性好。     

冷冲高硬度材料模具的失效分析与选材

用WC-Co型硬质合金和高合金钢以不同的匹配方式制作冷冲模具,对高硬度材料2Cr13不锈钢进行冲裁,发现以高合金钢制作的模具寿命远高于硬质合金制作的模具。其失效方式及所占比例表明,硬质合金主要以掉渣和崩刃为主,而高合金钢以正常磨损为主。分析可知,由于剧烈磨损而引起WC-Co型硬质合金Co的缺失,破坏了WC骨架,最终导致模具局部韧性不足而掉渣;而高合金钢韧性相对较好,延长了使用寿命,但同时由于热加工工艺的不适当导致碳化物不均或硬度不稳定而未充分发挥材料的潜能,对提高高合金钢的使用寿命给出了改进方案。     

超声方式和分散时间对钼钨粉末粒度测量的影响

利用激光衍射法对钼、钨粉末进行粒度测量,分别从超声方式和超声时间上对测量条件进行研究。结果表明:对钼粉,宜在大功率超声装置上将样品分散10 min后进行测量;对于钨粉,宜在大功率超声装置上将样品分散20 min后进行测量。     

钛、钨氧化物碳热还原-碳化的热力学和热分析

为了研究采用TiO₂、WO_2.72和炭黑粉末为原料,在惰性气氛下通过碳热还原-碳化制备(Ti,W)C固溶体的过程机理,采用HSC Chemistry热力学分析软件、热重和差示扫描量热分析方法,对物相的演变过程进行分析。结果表明,因球磨导致原料反应活性升高、气-固反应共存等,实际的反应起始温度低于热力学计算值。随温度升高,TiO₂和WO_2.72分别按TiO₂→Ti₄O₇→Ti₃O₅→Ti2O₃→TiO→TiC和WO_2.72→WO₂→W→W₂C→WC的转变顺序被还原并碳化。为了加速反应的动力学进程,通过碳热还原-碳化制备(Ti,W)C固溶体的最终温度应在1400℃以上。     

Surface modifications of activated carbon by gamma irradiation

Four commercial activated carbons with different chemical and textural characteristics were modified by gamma irradiation under five different conditions: irradiated in absence of water, in presence of ultrapure water, in ultrapure water at pH = 1.0 and 1000 mg L⁻¹ Cl⁻, in ultrapure water at pH = 7.5 and 1000 mg L⁻¹ Br⁻, and in ultrapure water at pH = 12.5 and 1000 mg L⁻¹ NO₃⁻. Changes in surface chemistry were studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; pH of point of zero charge, total acidic groups and total basic groups, which were determined by assessment with HCl and NaOH; and textural changes were determined by obtaining the corresponding adsorption isotherms of N₂ and CO₂. Outcomes show that the activated carbon surface chemistry can be modified by gamma irradiation and that the changes depend on the irradiation conditions. Modifications in the sp² hybridization of the surface carbons suggest that the irradiated carbons undergo graphitization. Measurements of structural parameters indicate that the irradiation treatment does not modify the textural properties of the carbons. Finally, studies of pristine and irradiated activated carbons using diffuse reflectance spectroscopy with the Kubelka–Munk function revealed a reduction in band gap energy in the irradiated carbons associated with an increase in sp² hybridization of the carbon atoms.     

Role of activated carbon on micropollutans degradation by ionizing radiation

The objective of this study was to analyze the influence of the presence of activated carbon on the degradation of the triiodinated contrast medium diatrizoate (DTZ) by the simultaneous use of gamma radiation and activated carbon. Four commercial activated carbons (Ceca, Witco, Sorbo, and Merck) with different textural and chemical characteristics were used for this purpose. The percentage DTZ removal obtained was considerably higher with the gamma radiation/activated carbon (GM/AC) system than with radiolysis in the absence of activated carbon, and it depended on the specific activated carbon employed. First, we optimized the amount of activated carbon required to maximize the amount of DTZ removed by the GM/AC system (0.06 g). The degradation constants were higher with the GM/AC system than with radiolysis alone, evidencing a synergic effect that favors pollutant removal. This synergic effect is independent of the textural but not the chemical characteristics of the activated carbon, observing a higher synergic activity for carbons with a higher surface content of oxygen, specifically quinone groups. We also highlight that the synergic effect of the activated carbon requires adsorbent–adsorbate electrostatic interaction and is absent when this interaction is hindered.     

硫化物对冷辗芯辊疲劳裂纹萌生的影响

硫化物夹杂对疲劳裂纹源萌生的影响有正负二重性。本文分析硫化物形状、尺寸、分布和力学性能对高速钢W6Mo5Cr4V2冷辗芯辊疲劳断裂的作用,认为质软硫化物能够减缓硬脆非金属夹杂物对基体产生的嵌镶应力,阻止疲劳裂纹的萌生。     

C51环境下W77E58 Watchdog的应用

在单片机的应用中,逐步引入了高级语言,C语言就是其中一种.但是如果C语言应用不当很可能会引起单片机系统无法正常运行,重点介绍了利用C51作为编程语言在使用W77E58时,如果程序在定义全局变量或静态变量时进行了初始化会对Watchdog的复位产生的影响及其解决方法.     

LD端面泵浦的1.57μm内腔式OPO

1.57 μm波长激光为人眼安全波长激光。将KTP晶体置于一个由LD端面泵浦、声光调Q的Nd:YVO4晶体双凹谐振腔内,利用KTP表面镀膜建立了内腔式OPO,实现了重复率在5～40 kHz范围内1.57 μm脉冲激光的稳定输出。实验结果表明,激光的阈值将随声光调Q器重复率的增加而升高,重复率为5 kHz时得到最低阈值1.52 W。重复率为15 kHz、泵浦功率为3.7 W时,输出光平均功率为305 mW,脉冲宽度50 ns,峰值功率400 W。     

W波段回旋行波管放大器速度零散的分析

通过包含速度零散影响的回旋行波管放大器的非线性理论模型,以W波段两段结构回旋行波管放大器为例,详细分析了速度零散对放大器电子注—波互作用的影响.模拟结果表明,通过合理地调整互作用长度,减小电子横纵速度比、调节工作磁场等方法可以有效地减小速度零散的影响,对回旋行波管放大器的优化设计提供了理论依据.