利用盐湖高钙含钾卤水制取氯化钾工艺试验研究

青海盐湖部分氯化物型卤水中,由于钙的循环积累,其浓度不断增高,这可能对从卤水中提取氯化钾带来一定影响。实验研究了该类型高钙含钾卤水对4#工艺制取氯化钾的影响,研究结果表明卤水中钙含量对4#工艺制取氯化钾影响较小。     

螺旋藻优良藻株的选育

在相同培养条件下,比较了5株不同来源螺旋藻的生长性能和品质参数。结果显示,螺旋藻S3在生长性能上具有很强的优势,其生长速率和光能利用率分别达到0.11 g/(L·d)和1.91%,蛋白质含量为57.95%,藻丝浮性、藻胆蛋白、叶绿素a、类胡萝卜素的含量均较高。同时以蛋白质含量和生长速率为评价指标,采用综合评分法,获得综合评分最高的1株优良藻株S3。因此,可以选用螺旋藻S3作为生产藻株。     

Novel Ag-AgBr decorated composite membrane for dye rejection and photodegradation under visible light

Photocatalytic membranes have received increasing attention due to their excellent separation and photodegradation of organic contaminants in wastewater. Herein, we bound Ag-AgBr nanoparticles onto a synthesized polyacrylonitrile-ethanolamine (PAN-ETA) membrane with the aid of a chitosan (CS)-TiO₂ layer via vacuum filtration and in-situ partial reduction. The introduction of the CS-TiO₂ layer improved surface hydrophilicity and provided attachment sites for the Ag-AgBr nanoparticles. The PAN-ETA/CS-TiO₂/Ag-AgBr photocatalytic membranes showed a relatively high water permeation flux (~ 47 L·m^–2·h^–1·bar^–1) and dyes rejection (methyl orange: 88.22%; congo red: 95%; methyl blue: 97.41%; rose bengal: 99.98%). Additionally, the composite membranes exhibited potential long-term stability for dye/salt separation (dye rejection: ~97%; salt rejection: ~6.5%). Moreover, the methylene blue and rhodamine B solutions (20 mL, 10 mg·L⁻¹) were degraded approximately 90.75% and 96.81% in batch mode via the synthesized photocatalytic membranes under visible light irradiation for 30 min. This study provides a feasible method for the combination of polymeric membranes and inorganic catalytic materials.     

Characteristics of reaction and product microstructure during light calcination of magnesite in transport bed

A gas-heating laboratory transport bed was adopted to simulate the industrial transportbed reactor for flash calcination of magnesite, and a method based on TG analysis of a reacted sample was further developed to calculate the decomposition rate or conversion of its containing MgCO₃. The study investigated how the conversion and product reactivity as well as microstructure vary with reaction conditions including temperature, particle size and times of re-calcination for powder magnesite. Magnesite powder (<150 μm) calcination is a quick reaction that reaches 98% decomposition of its containing MgCO₃ in 1—2 s,corroborating the feasibility of magnesite flash-calcination in transport bed reactors. The coloration time given by the citric acid chromogenic method was 17—55 s and 294 s for the obtained products from transport and fixed beds, respectively. This proves the obviously higher activity and thus improved microstructure of the product from transport bed. During the calcination process, the MgO grain size of the product gradually increases, and the surface structure changes from loose and porous to dense and smooth. This structural change can be completed within a few seconds.     

Comparison of the crystalline properties and structural changes of starches from high-amylose transgenic rice and its wild type during heating

A transgenic rice line (TRS) enriched amylose and resistant starch has been developed by antisense RNA inhibition of starch branching enzymes. In this study, gelatinisation and crystalline properties, swelling power, water solubility, morphological and structural changes of starches from TRS and its wild-type Teqing (TQ) were carefully investigated during heating. Compared to TQ, TRS starch showed higher gelatinisation temperatures, lower gelatinisation enthalpy and swelling power. Morphological and structural changes showed that TQ starch drastically swelled after 70 °C, then gradually disrupted with increasing heating temperature. The surrounding band of TRS starch restrained granule swelling, though the subgranules disrupted to form the cavity. The results of spectroscopic analyses indicated that A-type crystalline of TQ changed to amorphous starch after 75 °C, while C-type crystalline of TRS gradually changed to B-type crystalline after 75 °C, then became amorphous starch at 95 °C. These results add to our understanding of the effect of heating on the high-amylose rice starch.     

甲基蓝体系共振瑞利散射法测定蛋白质

在pH2.36的BR介质中,甲基蓝与蛋白质相互作用生成复合物,使最大波长350nm的共振光散射光谱得到增强,增强程度与蛋白质浓度成正比。据此建立了测定蛋白质的新方法。人血清白蛋白、牛血清白蛋白的线性范围分别为0～2.4mg/L、0～2.8mg/L,相应检出限分别为39.3、43.4μg/L。方法的稳定性好,灵敏度高,用于牛奶、豆浆、人血清、尿液中总蛋白质的测定,结果与考马斯亮蓝法一致。     

海藻酸钙固定化细胞及其在食品工业中的应用

综述了海藻酸钙的性质、固定化细胞的制备方法,稳定性及在食品工业中的应用。     

关于白砂糖电导灰分偏高的原因分析

分析灰分超标白砂糖灰分成份,并通过试验室模拟试验与分析主要灰分成份在澄清过程变化,探讨白砂糖灰分超标的主要原因,为糖厂降低白砂糖灰分提供理论依据。     

饰面类人造板耐光色牢度的测定方法

阐述了氙孤灯耐光色牢度试验仪的结构与工作原理,以及目前国际通用ISO校准规程;深入剖析了影响耐光色牢度测试的关键因素,包括辐射能、热量、湿度和时间。