改性木质素磺酸盐与黏结剂配伍的WG成粒性

[目的]改性术质素磺酸钠GCL4-1是一种优良农药分散剂,但其用于水分散粒剂(WG)时成粒性较国外产品稍差.[方法]将GCL4-1与6种农药常用黏结剂(淀粉、糊精、红糖、术糖、羟甲基纤维素钠、聚乙二醇)配伍后,测试WG的粒径分布及悬浮率、崩解性等性能.[结果]当淀粉质量分数为5％时,WG粒径在0.45～0.9 mm范围的颗粒达49.5％,热贮前后悬浮率分别为89.61％、87.77％,崩解液放置2h后沉淀层厚度为0.614 mm,稳定性略差于Kinsperse 126作分散剂制备的WG.糊精最佳质量分数为3％,此时粒径在0.45～0.9 mm范围的颗粒达45.6％,热贮前后悬浮率分别为91.26％、89.53％,崩解液放置2 h后沉淀层厚度仅为0.508 mm,稳定性与Kinsperse 126作分散剂的WG相当.[结论]淀粉和糊精与GCL4-1配伍使用能使WG具有较好的成粒性和优良的分散稳定性.     

玉米芯酶解残渣制备混凝土减水剂的工艺研究

利用碱性亚硫酸钠对玉米芯制备生物乙醇的酶水解残渣进行磺化改性研究,获得了性能良好的木质素磺酸盐,用作混凝土减水剂。结果表明,碱性亚硫酸盐法分离木质素的适宜工艺条件为:总用碱量(按Na2O计)14%,蒸煮温度155℃,保温时间3～3.5 h,亚硫酸化度85%。在此工艺条件下木质素磺酸盐得率为51.39%,在掺量为0.35%(以固形物计)时,产品的水泥净浆流动度可达到112 mm,1%溶液表面张力为46.4 mN/m,产品磺酸基含量为1.89 mmol/g。     

木钠改性高效减水剂的合成与效果评价

以正交试验考察了木钠改性减水剂的合成工艺,依据国标对其净浆流动度、坍落度损失等主要性能进行评价.木钠改性减水剂的最佳合成工艺:原料的摩尔比为n甲醛:n丙酮:n亚硫酸钠=2:1:0.7;反应前期温度控制在(58±2)℃,后期反应温度控制在(94±4)℃;保温反应3-4 h;木钠掺入量为5%.在最优反应条件下,合成产物具有...     

聚苯胺-木质素磺酸纳米复合物的制备及吸附性能

以木质素磺酸(LS)为分散剂,采用静态聚合法制备了聚苯胺-木质素磺酸(PANI-LS)纳米复合物。通过扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜、红外光谱、紫外可见光谱和广角X射线衍射对纳米复合物的形貌、结构和性能进行了表征。同时,研究了该纳米复合物对银离子的吸附性能。在银离子初始浓度为0.03 mol·L^-1时,PANI-LS纳米复合物对银离子的最大吸附容量为500 mg·g^-1。对吸附后纳米复合物的透射电子显微镜和广角X射线衍射的研究表明,PANI-LS纳米复合物对银离子具有还原作用,吸附后纳米复合物表面有直径为2～7 nm的单质银纳米粒子生成。     

FW-1高效调剖剂的研制及应用

介绍了FW 1调剖剂的化学反应原理 ;研究了各种因素对调剖剂性能的影响。岩心实验表明 ,FW 1调剖剂岩心封堵率在 99%以上 ,具有较强的封堵效果。截止 1 999年 7月 ,大庆油田 1 2 2口油井已累计增油 1 .97× 1 0 4t,获纯经济效益 1 0 56 .31万元 ,投入产出比为 1∶6 .33     

木钙的改性与水工绿色高性能混凝土(GHPC)的探索

采用木钙改性技术探索了水工绿色高性能混凝土 (GHPC)的发展方向 ,在工程实践中研制出具有耐久性、工作性、各种力学性能、适用性、体积稳定性和经济合理性的水工绿色高性能混凝土 (GHPC) ,且取得了有价值的研究成果 ,其研究及应用前景将非常广阔     

木素磺酸钙对水泥净浆的缓凝机理研究

研究了掺加木素磺酸钙(简称木钙)后水泥净浆液相中钙离子、硫酸根离子和氢氧根离子浓度随水化时间的变化,以及除糖后木素磺酸钙对水泥净浆凝结时间的影响．结果表明,掺加木钙后在水化初期水泥净浆中S042-浓度大幅度上升,OH-浓度变化不大．木钙掺量越大,水泥净浆中游离Ca2 浓度的峰值出现越迟,浆体的初凝时间越长．进一步研究发现木钙的掺加能促进熟料矿物的水解,当木钙掺量为0．5％(质量分数)时,水泥净浆中的总Ca2 浓度峰值比未掺加木钙时增加48％,被络合的Ca2 量峰值较水化开始时增加2倍．在水泥净浆强碱性溶液中木钙的络合能力增强导致Ca(OH)2不能达到过饱和,是造成水泥净浆缓凝的重要原因,木钙对水泥净浆的缓凝机理为“吸附-络合”机理．     

木质素磺酸镁对不同纤维素原料酶解的影响机制

为探讨木质素磺酸镁作为辅助添加剂在纤维原料酶解过程的作用机制,以两种木质素磺酸镁为研究对象,考察了不同来源木质素磺酸镁组构差异及其在不同纤维原料酶解过程中的作用。研究发现,商品木质素磺酸镁较自制木质素磺酸镁具有更高的磺化度,但自制木质素磺酸镁具有更高总羟基相对含量。商品木质素磺酸镁和自制木质素磺酸镁对微晶纤维素酶解均有促进作用;对于木质纤维原料酶解,两种木质素磺酸镁对水热法预处理物料均有抑制作用。对亚硫酸氢镁预处理物料酶解,仅低浓度的自制木质素磺酸镁表现出促进作用。该研究为解释木质素磺酸镁对纤维素原料酶解的影响机制提供了理论依据。     

Hemoglobin-biocatalyzed synthesis of conducting molecular complex of polyaniline and lignosulfonate

A new biocatalyst route for the synthesis of a conducting polyaniline （PANI）/ lignosulfonate （LGS） complex was presented.Four different catalysts such as hemoglobin （Hb）,5,10,15,20-tetrakis （meso-hydroxyphenyl） porphyrin,iron （II） tetrasulfophthalocyanine and ferric chloride were used to polymerize aniline in the presence of a natural polyelectrolytes template LGS.The experimental results show that Hb is an effective catalyst in this case and the synthesis is simple,and the conditions are mild in that the polymerization may be carried out in lower pH （1.0-4.0） buffered solution and optimal pH of 2.0.Varying concentrations of aniline,LGS and H2O2 in feed the favorable conditions for the production of PANI were determined.UV-vis absorption,FTIR,elemental analysis,conductivity,cyclic voltammetry and thermogravimetric analyses confirm the formation of thermally stable and electroactive PANI.     

Evaluation of Prosopis juliflora as a potential feedstock for the production of sodium lignosulfonate from the spent liquor of a laboratory digester

Abstract

Chopped stems of Prosopis juliflora, an invasive xerophyte, were digested in a laboratory digester following alkaline sulfite pulping process to generate spent liquor whereby lignin underwent sulfonation to produce sodium lignosulfonate (SLS). SLS was concentrated from the spent liquor by ultrafiltration. Raw wood was featured by high lignin (23.5%), low extractives (1.0%), low wax (0.41), and low ash (2.25%) content thus making it an ideal feedstock to produce lignosulfonates with appreciable physico-chemical property and relatively high mechanical strength. Attempts were made to provide basic information on SLS structure and structural changes that might occur during pulping of P. juliflora under the present experimental conditions. Spectral and X-ray diffraction studies on as-produced SLS revealed substantial depolymerization and structural modification of lignin during sulfite pulping. The derived SLS had higher crystallinity index than the feedstock wood. Effect of average size of raw wood chip and dose of sodium sulfite in the overall yield of pulp and SLS along with the kappa number of the pulp were also analyzed. Findings from this study would serve to cultivate a better understanding of the potential of P. juliflora as a feedstock, so far unexplored, to produce SLS???a value-added product with numerous commercial applications. The use of this particular plant species in paper and pulp industry could also be considered as an effective means of integrated agro management in rural areas.