考虑桩顶水平反力的水平受荷单桩弹塑性解析解

基于线性地基反力法和土体的弹塑性本构关系,对桩顶水平反力系数不为零时的水平受荷桩进行了研究,给出了桩顶土屈服临界荷载（水平力、弯矩）的耦合关系式。研究结果表明,当荷载大于临界荷载时,桩顶土发生塑性屈服,其塑性屈服深度随荷载的增加而增加,但其塑性区扩展速率随桩顶荷载的增加而逐渐减小。给出了弹性区与塑性区桩内力耦合的矩阵方程及其迭代求解格式;利用曲面拟合软件给出了塑性区换算深的计算公式。通过工程算例验证,证明该方法可靠快捷,便于手算,值得推广。      

Ski jump trajectory with consideration of air resistance

In the case of the ski-jump type energy dissipation,the jet trajectory will be greatly affected by the air entrainment and the air resistance.It is necessary to consider those factors when estimating the trajectory of the jet flow.In this work,the effect of the air resistance on the jet trajectory is theoretically and experimentally investigated.A comprehensive resistance coefficient is proposed.To determine this coefficient,experiments of five models are conducted with the circular-shaped flip bucket placed at the point of the takeoff of ski jumps.It is shown that,this coefficient of the lower jet trajectory is only related to the approach flow Froude number,while that of the upper jet trajectory is dominated by both this Froude number and the deflection angle.Furthermore,the present methodology is validated by experimental data in this work and the maximum errors are not larger than 3.2%and 8.6%for the lower and upper jet trajectories,respectively.     

南通地区地下水咸化机理分析及改良措施

为了给南通地区地下水的合理开发和利用提供理论依据,利用各种水化学系数和变化图示对研究区内深层和浅层地下水的咸化机理进行了分析。结果表明:研究区内深层地下水中、西部水化学演化以正常的水-岩作用为主,东部沿海特别是寅阳镇一带深层地下水则主要因淋滤古海相地层盐分而使TDS增高;远离海边的大部分地区浅层地下水TDS增高主要与溶解地层盐分和蒸发作用有关,沿海地带尤其是东南角寅阳镇、海晏镇一带浅层地下水由于受到一定程度的现代海水入侵影响,其TDS显著增高。针对该区域地下水水化学变化特征,提出地下水系统改良措施:合理开发利用高TDS地下水可增加区域水资源量,增强调蓄能力,减轻对深层淡水资源的潜在威胁;逐渐增大地下咸水的开采量,从长远意义上逐步改良盐碱地,以利于水土资源利用及生态环境改善。     

太湖流域西部地区面源污染特征及其控制技术

针对太湖流域西部地区源污染的主要来源,依据由单元田间试验和小流域出口营养盐输出监测值与流域土地利用结构关系推算获得输出系数,计算了种植业典型土地利用类型的COD、TN、NH3-N和TP的排放量,结合其他种类面源排放量,指出太湖流域西部地区农业面源污染呈现出农村生活污水和种植业污染为主的排放特征。提出了面源污染适宜推广的处理模式,梳理不同种类面源污染处理存在的主要问题并相应提出面源污染控制建议,为太湖流域面源控制提供参考。     

某水电站覆盖层地基渗透系数反演分析

结合某水利枢纽工程,基于其工程地质和水文资料(钻孔勘探和抽注水试验等),利用有限元ANSYS优化设计模块,对坝址区渗流域全天然渗流场进行三维渗流参数反演计算,以确定坝基的实际渗透系数,为后面的渗流分析、选择合理的渗流控制措施以及防渗技术方案优化提供可靠的计算依据。     

基于开采系数法的邯郸市东部平原区深层地下水超采区划分研究

深层地下水是一种不可再生的资源,是我们赖以生存的命脉。本文依据《全国地下水超采区评价技术大纲》,利用开采系数法对河北省邯郸市东部平原区深层地下水超采区进行了划分,同邯郸市水利局2003年的划分成果进行了对比分析,为邯郸东部平原区深层地下水资源统一规划、有效管理、科学保护以及正在开展的地下水压采工作提供技术支撑。     

风速对过饱和总溶解气体释放速率的影响

通过不同风速下的过饱和总溶解气体(TDG)室内释放试验,研究风速对过饱和TDG释放过程的影响,并根据已有释放模型对释放系数进行估算,建立了过饱和TDG释放系数与风速的定量关系式。结果表明在8.5~9.5℃条件下,风速较小时,水体中过饱和TDG释放相当缓慢,随着风速的增大,过饱和TDG的释放速率显著增大;在无风工况下,TDG释放系数为0.005 42 h-1;当风速为1.08~11.33 m/s时,TDG释放系数为0.007 09~0.066 68 h-1;相对释放系数为1~12.303,拟合的相对释放系数与风速的定量关系式计算偏差在-11.76%~10.21%之间。     

Decentralized Networked Control System Design Using Takagi-Sugeno (TS) Fuzzy Approach

This paper proposes a new method for control of continuous large-scale systems where the measures and control functions are distributed on calculating members which can be shared with other applications and connected to digital network communications.At first, the nonlinear large-scale system is described by a Takagi-Sugeno(TS) fuzzy model. After that, by using a fuzzy LyapunovKrasovskii functional, sufficient conditions of asymptotic stability of the behavior of the decentralized networked control system(DNCS),are developed in terms of linear matrix inequalities(LMIs). Finally, to illustrate the proposed approach, a numerical example and simulation results are presented.     

Short‐Time Linear Quadratic Form Technique for Estimating Fast‐Varying Parameters in Feedback Loops

The precision of a closed‐loop controller system designed for an uncertain plant depends strongly upon the maximum extent to which it is possible to track the trend of time‐varying parameters of the plant. The aim of this study is to describe a new parameter estimation algorithm that is able to follow fast‐varying parameters in closed‐loop systems. The short‐time linear quadratic form (STLQF) estimation algorithm introduced in this paper is a technique for tracking time‐varying parameters based on short‐time analysis of the regressing variables in order to minimize locally a linear quadratic form cost function. The established cost function produces a linear combination of errors with several delays. To meet this objective, mathematical development of the STLQF estimation algorithm is described. To implement the STLQF algorithm, the algorithm is applied to a planar mobile robot with fast‐varying parameters of inertia and viscous and coulomb frictions. Next, performance of the proposed algorithm is assessed against noise effects and variation in the type of parameters.     

压力和温度对瓦斯扩散规律的影响研究

针对瓦斯吸附解吸法测定瓦斯扩散系数时局限于颗粒煤、无法施加围压且气体压力不能任意设定等问题,采用规则块煤结合气相色谱分析法测定瓦斯在块煤中的扩散系数,分析了不同气体压力、温度下块煤瓦斯扩散规律。实验结果表明,随着气体压力的增大,煤基质吸附气体增加且发生膨胀变形,从而孔隙减小,扩散阻力增大,扩散系数减小;随着温度的升高,气体分子运动速度增大,扩散动力增强,扩散系数变大。