影响道路沥青低温抗裂性能的因素

用弯曲梁流变仪、直接拉伸试验机对7种国内外油源沥青样品进行了低温抗裂性能的评价，从沥青的四组分、相对分子质量及其分布来分析其对沥青低温抗裂性能的影响，结果表明，沥青的相对分子质量分布宽，对沥青的低温抗裂性能有利。     

列车客车用低温发热电缆地面辐射供暖系统的实验研究

对不同地板结构和不同导线间距下发热电缆地面辐射供暖系统的热工性能进行了测试分析，考察了系统的稳定性和可靠性，给出了综合比较结果，分析了影响发热电缆地面辐射供暖系统热工性能的主要因素及其影响规律。     

SA299钢冷脆行为的研究

某锅炉厂生产的锅炉汽包,在冬季制造过程中发生破裂,汽包材料为 SA299钢,对断口的初步分析发现为脆性解理断口,据此认为是冷脆破坏。本文依据冷脆特征温度 Tc 的概念对 SA299钢的冷脆行为进行了细致的分析。     

Preparation and catalytic performance of Co3O4 catalysts for low-temperature CO oxidation

Without use of any surfactant or oxidant, a series of Co₃O₄ catalysts have been prepared from cobalt nitrate aqueous solution via a very simple liquid-precipitation method with ammonium acid carbonate followed by calcination at various temperatures. The catalytic performance of the Co₃O₄ for CO oxidation has been studied with a continuous flowing laboratory microreactor system. The results show that the CO conversion of all the samples can reach 100% at ambient temperature. The catalyst calcined at 300 °C is able to maintain its activity for CO complete oxidation more than 500 min at 25 °C and about 240 min even at −78 °C. High reaction temperature results in a high catalytic stability, while the catalytic stability decreases with further increasing the reaction temperature. Characterizations with X-ray powder diffraction and transmission electron microscopy suggest that all the samples exist as a pure Co₃O₄ phase with the spinel structure, the samples are apt to aggregate and the specific surface area gradually decreases with increasing the calcination temperature, which directly leads to the decrease of catalytic stability. Furthermore, the amount of active oxygen species measured by CO titration experiments appears to be critical for catalytic performance.     

降低全低变工艺阻力的措施

将变换流程改为全低变工艺后,吨氨蒸汽消耗明显下降,但触媒床层阻力迅速上升.通过采取增设焦炭过滤器、更换触媒、改进蒸汽分布器等一系列措施,不仅保证了正常的生产指标,而且还使变换炉的阻力有了明显下降,取得了满意的效果.     

不同老化方式对沥青低温性能的影响分析

研究了不同老化方式对沥青低温性能的影响,分3个阶段,对不同老化方式的试验结果进行了比较.阶段1研究表明,沥青在压力老化容器(PAV)中100℃条件下老化20 h后的低温性能与在1.01×105Pa、60℃条件下老化38 d后的低温性能相差无几.阶段2研究表明,可以通过58℃、10 r/s时的高温因子G*/sinδ来修正低温性能分级,从而可以利用短期老化来代替长期老化试验.阶段3研究表明,沥青的低温性能会随着老化时间改变而变化.当老化时间较短时,低温性能分级由劲度指标控制;当老化时间较长时,低温性能分级将转变为由蠕变速率控制.     

生物质与煤共燃研究(Ⅰ)生物质的低温热解

介绍了生物质与煤共燃的研究流程及其主要的研究方法，通过对三种主要农业剩余生物质（锯屑，谷壳和花生壳）热解过程中的失重率变化，物理性质变化，工业分析变化，元素分析变化和发热量变化的研究发现，三种生物质在热解温度220℃-300℃，热解时间30min-60min下进行低温热解时，热解过程主要受热解温度控制，受热解时间控制较弱，随热解温度升高，热解时间延长，生物质的热失重率逐渐升高，生物质逐渐变得易于研磨。在工业分析上挥发分逐渐减少，固定碳及灰分不断提高，水分含量大幅下降；在元素分析上O元素的含量不断下降，C元素的含量不断上升，从而发热量不断增加，研究表明，当热解温度为270℃-300℃时，热解生物质的各项性质可与煤接近。     

Low-temperature catalytic combustion of methane over MnO x –CeO2 mixed oxide catalysts: Effect of preparation method

The effect of preparation method on MnO _x –CeO₂ mixed oxide catalysts for methane combustion at low temperature was investigated by means of BET, XRD, XPS, H₂-TPR techniques and methane oxidation reaction. The catalysts were prepared by the conventional coprecipitation, plasma and modified coprecipitation methods, respectively. It was found that the catalyst prepared by modified coprecipitation was the most active, over which methane conversion reached 90% at a temperature as low as 390 °C. The XRD results showed the preparation methods had no effect on the solid solution structure of MnO _x –CeO₂ catalysts. More Mn⁴⁺ and richer lattice oxygen were found on the surface of the modified coprecipitation prepared catalyst with the help of XPS analysis, and its reduction and BET surface area were remarkably promoted. These factors could be responsible for its higher activity for methane combustion at low temperature.     

轻烃净化分离工艺安全高效运行措施探析

宝浪联合站轻烃工艺装置是宝浪油田甲级防火、一级防爆的关键装置。其主要功能是净化分离并回收原油中易挥发的轻质成分,生产以C3和C4为主要成分的液化石油气,分离出以C1和C2为主要成分的干气供宝浪油田油区发电和周边居民生活用气。在系统运行过程中,发现装置低温分离工艺中有不利于安全的因素,而消除这些因素对消除安全隐患、提高液化气产量和减少有效成分损失等起决定性的作用。