Virtual rights? Property in online game objects and characters

The new industry of Massively Multi-Player Online Role-Playing Games (MMORPGs) brings together two sets of fictions: the interactive stories of shared computer games and the legal devices of intellectual property. In these virtual worlds, scarcity need not exist, but players tend to prefer the competition it creates. This leads to the development of property rights within the game world and players trading real money for virtual objects, ‘land’ and characters. This new phenomenon brings with it familiar legal problems such as theft, fraud and ownership disputes. Game creators also challenge the right of the players to claim ownership outside the game world. The volume and value of the items traded make real money trading an important area of current interest for intellectual property lawyers. Something is being traded, but does it fit neatly into existing conceptions of property rights and who owns it? Analysing the novel problems that result from various theoretical perspectives (utilitarianism, labour-desert theory and personality theory) leads to the conclusion that with time, we will see the development of property rights for players in online games. This connects with a growing understanding that the traditional conception of copyright law dealing with creative work generated by the solitary author is becoming less appropriate in the new creative spaces that information and communications technology brings, where individuals are both consumer and producer. In virtual worlds, new forms of intellectual property, and perhaps even new rights, are taking shape.     

一种改进的GA变异算子及其数学分析

提出了一种改进的GA变异算子,并对其有效性作了数学分析。实例表明,该算子能改善GA的收敛性能。     

Distributed Symbolic Bounded Property Checking

In this paper we describe an algorithm for distributed, BDD-based bounded property checking and its implementation in the verification tool SymC. The distributed algorithm verifies larger models and returns results faster than the sequential version.The core algorithm distributes partitions of the state set to computation nodes after reaching a threshold size. The nodes proceed with image computation on the nodes asynchronously. The main scalability problem of this scheme is the overlap of state set partitions. We present static and dynamic overlap reduction techniques.     

新型乙烯基聚酯树脂的开发

本文主要介绍了乙烯基聚酯树脂的性能及应用.     

我国超高分子质量聚乙烯纤维的检测手段及发展现状

根据国内主要超高分子质量聚乙烯纤维制造商产品的测试结果,论述了国产该纤维的主要性能及其与国外同类产品的质量差距,论述了目前我国各生产厂家及相关检测机构在强度、模量、断裂伸长、耐磨性、蠕变率、分子质量等纤维主要性能测试中存在的问题,提出了解决建议,同时指出了我国在超高分子质量聚乙烯纤维应用方面与国外的差距．     

关于第二积分中值定理渐近性的一个注记

对于第二积分中值定理中的搴，本文给出并证明了比文献[3]更一般的结论，文献[3]的有关定理可以看成本文定理的直接推论．     

自主知识产权是提升国家竞争力的核心

科学技术是第一生产力,自主创新是第一竞争力,只有加强自主知识产权的保护,才能调动和保护人们自主创新的积极性,开发更多更高质量的自主知识产品,提高我国经济的国际竞争力,为我国在国际经济竞争中争取主动权。     

The generalized Riemann problem method for the shallow water equations with bottom topography

This paper extends the generalized Riemann problem method (GRP) to the system of shallow water equations with bottom topography. The main contribution is that the generalized Riemann problem method (J. Comput. Phys. 1984; 55 (1):1–32) is used to evaluate the midpoint values of solutions at each cell interface so that the bottom topography effect is included in numerical fluxes, and at the same step the source term is discretized with an interface method in which only mid‐point values are plugged in. This scheme is well balanced between the flux gradient and bottom topography when incorporating the surface gradient method (SGM) (J. Comput. Phys. 2001; 168 (1):1–25) into data reconstruction step, and it is also suitable for both steady and unsteady flow simulations. We illustrate the accuracy of this scheme by several 1‐D and 2‐D numerical experiments. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

C/Cu(Fe)复合材料制备工艺及性能研究

利用三步电沉积法制备C／Cu（Fe）复合材料预制丝，将预制丝缠绕成毛坯，采用真空热压法制备C／Cu（Fe）复合材料．研究表明，真空热压工艺对复合材料力学性能有很大影响，通过力学性能试验和对拉伸断口形貌的分析，得出了制备C／Cu（Fe）复合材料的最佳工艺．     

07Cr12NiMoVNb耐热钢疲劳性能研究

对07Cr12NiMoVNb钢进行了常温和550℃旋转弯曲疲劳试验,结果表明,此钢不同晶粒度时疲劳断裂行为相近,室温疲劳强度与静强度关系符合奥金格经验公式,高温疲劳强度与静强度有关,但直线关系的系数不同于常温的,需重新总结。晶粒度大小影响疲劳强度,但室温表现的不明显,550℃表现为细晶钢疲劳强度高,这正好与蠕变行为相反,粗晶钢表现出较高的蠕变强度。