SEISMIC FACIES ANALYSIS BASED ON 3D MULTI-ATTRIBUTE VOLUME CLASSIFICATION, DARIYAN FORMATION, SE PERSIAN GULF

Interpretation of recently acquired 3D seismic data from the adjacent Sirri C and D oilfields in the SE Persian Gulf indicates that a 3D interpretation of seismic facies is crucial to resolve the internal stratal geometries of the Aptian Dariyan Formation. This carbonate formation passes southward into the Shu'aiba Formation, a prolific reservoir rock of similar facies in the UAE. Lack of exposures and limited cored intervals have forced reliance on the seismic data for evidence of the depositional environment and the internal architecture of potential reservoir rocks. The progradational nature of the Dariyan Formation and the occurrence of carbonate build‐ups within it make this stratal geometry complex. The complex internal heterogeneity of the build‐ups and presence of seismic noise make mapping of the build‐ups in 3D space using conventional seismic interpretation tools difficult, despite the availability of high‐quality 3D seismic data covering the area. The high quality seismic and limited well data from this field is one of the few datasets of this kind presented in the literature. A procedure for the hierarchical multi‐attribute analysis of seismic facies using Paradigm's Seis Facies software is used in this study to provide a 3D interpretation of the stratal patterns. Principal component analysis reduces the noise and redundant data by representing the main data variances as a few vector components in a transformed coordinate system. Cluster analysis is performed using those components which have the greatest contribution to the maximum spread of the data variability. Six seismic attribute volumes are used in this study and the result is a single 3D classified volume. Important new information obtained from within the Dariyan Formation gives new insights into its stratigraphic distribution and internal variability. This method of processing seismic data is a step towards exploring for subtle stratigraphic traps in the study area, and may help to identify exploration targets.     

Direct electroless Ni-P deposition on AM50 magnesium alloy from sulfate bath

A bright electroless Ni-P deposition on AM50 magnesium alloy in a sulfate plating bath was proposed by using direct plating process with non-chromate pretreatment. The electroless Ni-P plating on AM50 magnesium alloy has an admirable appearance and good adhesion. The results indicate that the electroless Ni-P deposition with non-chromate pretreatment has better adhesion than that of zinc immersion coating. Anodic polarization curves indicate that the electroless Ni-P deposition obtained from the sulfate bath has similar corrosion-resistance to that obtained from basic nickel carbonate bath. The deposition process generates less pollutant by a non-chromate plating bath and is suitable for the magnesium alloys manufacture because of its low cost. The hardness of the electroless Ni-P plated AM50 is about HV 720.6 and HV 969.7 after heat treatments at 180℃ for 2 h. The wear resistance of Ni-P plated magnesium alloy specimens is about 5 to 9 times as high as that of bare magnesium alloys.     

矿物溶解动力学与全球环境

硅酸盐矿物和碳酸盐矿物是构成地壳的主要造岩矿物,论述了两类矿物溶解动力学的研究现状与展望,指出两类矿物的溶解和沉积过程中CO2吸收和释放,对全球环境有重要影响。     

用屏蔽暂堵技术封堵水平井裂缝性漏层

克拉玛依油田HW702水平井的大斜度段和水平段,将穿越纵向裂缝发育的二叠系佳木河组储层。为安全钻进和保护油层,用超细碳酸钙和磺化沥青复配后加入复合离子钻井液中成屏蔽暂堵的堵漏钻井液。室内用岩心试验,屏蔽暂堵后渗透率可降为0,暂堵深度小于3cm,可用酸化和射孔解堵。现场使用效果也很好,使HW702水平井顺利完钻,并获得工业油气流。     

Synthesis of nano particle of inorganic oxides by polymer matrix

Ultrafine (⩽ 150 nm) powders of spinels [MFe₂O₄ where M = Ni(II), Co(II) and Zn(II)]; rare-earth orthoferrites [RFeO₃ where R = Sm, Nd and Gd], and rare-earth garnets [R₃Fe₃O₁₂ where R = Sm, Nd and Gd] with good purity and chemical homogeneity were prepared through two new versatile chemical routes. The first route involved the coprecipitation of the desired metal nitrates from their aqueous solution, in presence of a water soluble polymer-polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), by triethyl ammonium carbonate solution. The other process involved complete evaporation of a mixture of optimum amounts of PVA and the desired aqueous metal nitrate solutions, with and without the addition of optimum amounts of urea when the mixture was evaporated to a pasty mass. In addition, detailed study on the reported potassium ferricyanide route was also carried out for the production of the rare-earth orthoferrite powders. The various precursor as well as the heat-treated mixed-oxide powders, prepared through each of the routes, were compared by the physical characterization studies involving thermal gravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry, infrared spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and room temperature magnetic measurements.     

The influence of NaCl and CO2 on the atmospheric corrosion of magnesium alloy AZ91

The influence of NaCl and CO₂ on the atmospheric corrosion of magnesium alloy AZ91 is studied in the laboratory. Samples were exposed under carefully controlled air and flow conditions; the relative humidity was 95%, the temperature was 22.0°C and the concentration of CO₂ was < 1 ppm or 350 ppm. Different amounts of sodium chloride (0–70 μg/cm²) were added before exposure. The corrosion products were analyzed by gravimetry, ion chromatography, X‐ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. Mass gain and metal loss results are reported. The combination of high humidity and NaCl is very corrosive towards AZ91. However, the NaCl‐induced corrosion is inhibited by ambient concentrations of CO₂. Exposure in the absence of CO₂ gives rise to heavy pitting, with brucite, Mg(OH)₂, being the dominant corrosion product. In the presence of CO₂ a layer of hydrated magnesium hydroxy carbonate, Mg₅(CO₃)₄(OH)₂ · 5 H₂O forms. A tentative corrosion mechanism is presented that explains the behavior in the two environments.     

缝洞型碳酸盐岩油藏流动单元概念和研究方法探讨

流动单元对于提高油田采收率具有很大的实际意义,该项研究在砂岩油藏研究中已取得较大进展。对于缝洞型碳酸盐岩油藏,由于岩石结构构造、成岩后生作用、构造断裂作用、溶蚀作用等多因素对储集空间的影响,已有的流动单元概念及研究技术方法难于应用。以塔河油田为例,针对缝洞型碳酸盐岩地质特征,论证了碳酸盐岩储层渗流屏障的存在及其类型,探索性提出区别于砂岩油藏的缝洞型碳酸盐岩储层流动单元的概念。提出的研究思路和方法包括;油藏压力趋势分析法、井间生产干扰分析法、流体性质差异分析法、井间干扰试井法。结合储层发育特征,初步建立了缝洞型碳酸盐岩流动单元的划分标准。     

对我厂防治加热管内碳酸钙垢的思索

分析了我厂两碱法原卤净化后,加热管内壁结碳酸钙垢的原因,探讨了我厂采取加盐酸、加阻垢剂、用超声波阻垢器的方法,以及对加热管内碳酸钙垢防治的情况和存在的问题.     

氯氧镁水泥对不饱和树脂的阻燃性能与阻燃机理研究

采用极限氧指数法、热重分析和烟密度测试法研究了氯氧镁水泥在不饱和树脂（UP）中的阻燃作用和阻燃机理。研究表明经偶联剂处理后的氯氧镁水泥对UP具有良好的阻燃抑烟效果，并通过增加UP在高温下的热稳定性和降低热失重速率等机理发挥阻燃作用：氯氧镁水泥含量在40％内对UP的力学性能影响较小，是一种新型的无机添加型阻燃剂。     

从混联法生产中提取镓的研究

针对联合法厂家资源的分布特点,提出采用化学法和树脂吸附法相结合的方式实现同时回收烧结法和拜尔法循环母液中镓的新工艺,并通过小试和扩试结果分析,阐述了该工艺的可行性。