7.63m特大型焦炉砌筑施工技术及要点

主要针对7.63m特大型焦炉砌筑施工技术,从工程实践效果分析其施工技术在质量、工期、成本等方面收到良好的经济效益和社会效益,现对7.63m特大型焦炉施工技术作简要介绍。     

双洞口配筋砌块砌体框支墙梁试验

为研究双洞口配筋砌块砌体框支墙梁地震前后的受力模式,在拟动力子试验前后进行了底层框架配筋砌块短肢砌体剪力墙结构三层足尺模型的竖向力静载试验.试验结果表明:托梁与上部墙体表现出良好的协同工作能力,其工作模式为拉杆拱.通过对其在拟动力试验前后的受力模式进行了比较,可知带洞口配筋砌块砌体框支墙梁结构体系在墙体受到一定损伤时,并不会使墙梁的受力机理发生明显改变.     

砌体等效断裂韧度的实用解析方法研究

根据砌体准脆性材料的断裂特性,提出了一种基于竖向灰缝模型的求解砌体等效断裂韧度的实用解析方法.首先根据复合材料力学和线弹性断裂力学的基本原理,运用修正的剪滞理论,分区引入变异层,建立了分层剪滞模型;然后根据能量法则,推导出了求解无筋砌体等效断裂韧度的解析计算模式;最后针对相关试验数据,得到了对应数值解的解析解,且与相关试验对应的数值解相比,解析解的均方差和变异系数更小,由此可以看出,本文的解析方法具有很好的鲁棒性.结果还证明了无筋砌体等效断裂韧度是与试件尺寸无关的断裂参数.该方法为砌体结构开裂机理的研究和发展,砌体结构力学性能的研究提供了新的技术路径.     

轻钢构造柱填充墙的抗侧移性能试验分析

在砌筑填充墙中使用轻钢构造柱,符合绿色建筑发展方向,为研究轻钢构造柱填充墙的整体性力学性能,对轻钢构造柱片墙和混凝土构造柱片墙进行试验对比分析。试验表明,在相同外在条件下,轻钢构造柱片墙试验时墙体侧移发展较缓慢,较混凝土构造柱片墙具有较好的力学性能和抗震性能,由此可为轻钢构造柱在工程设计和实际应用中提供一些参考依据。     

整体砌石重力坝运行期温度作用效应

重力坝因设置温度伸缩缝及体型较厚不需要考虑温度作用,而拱坝因不设永久性伸缩缝及体型较薄需要考虑温度作用.整体砌石重力坝由于其结构、施工和材料的特殊性,使它的特性介于重力坝和拱坝之间,存在能不能忽略温度作用效应的问题,这方面的研究较少,在规范中也未具体说明.基于此,运用拱坝温度荷载的计算方法以及等效模量法,对川南地区的狸狐洞整体式砌石重力坝工程实例进行有限元分析,分别探讨了温度场和温度应力场的数值大小和分布,得出了一般整体式砌石重力坝在运行期温度作用下的温度场和温度应力的规律,表明整体砌石重力坝运行期的温度作用效应较大.     

砌体结构受爆破地震波作用破坏特征研究

在建筑物附近进行爆破作业产生的爆破振动,会引起结构一定程度的损伤,对结构的安全性和耐久性产生影响。根据现场工程情况,采用有限元软件ANSYS建立砌体结构的计算模型,对爆破地震波作用下其受力和变形进行数值模拟分析。研究表明,爆破地震波作用时,房屋门、窗户的四角部位和墙角等是易产生应力集中和破坏的关键部位;结构对爆破振动的响应程度随着结构物高度的增加而增大;砌体结构设计施工和在砌体结构附近进行爆破作业时,应采取相应减振措施,以降低爆破振动的危害。     

Massive versus lightweight construction in residential building

Masonry as the primary form of construction is currently the most economic option for the building of multi‐storey apartment blocks in Germany in order to provide affordable housing. It can however also be stated that there is definitely further rationalisation potential in masonry construction, in contrast to lightweight construction. In comparison to masonry construction, lightweight building methods show no apparent economic advantages, the ecological balance is objectively equivalent and the fire protection and sound insulation properties have to be provided technically and constructively at high cost in order to comply with the same requirements. Under consideration of a realistic and objective assessment, there is therefore no reason to promote the use of lightweight building methods, such as timber‐frame, from their current status as niche products, especially for residential building.     

High‐rise concrete and clay block masonry building in Brazil

Brazilian structural concrete and clay block masonry construction shares many common features with construction all over the world: blocks of a similar shape are bedded in mortar, vertical and horizontal reinforcement is placed in grouted cells, engineering analysis and design follows universal principles and local design codes mimic those adopted elsewhere. However, loadbearing masonry construction in Brazil has become one of the most preferred high‐rise building systems due to its cost‐effectiveness and ease of construction compared to normal reinforced concrete solutions. This paper provides an overview of loadbearing masonry building in Brazil, including case studies on notable high‐rise masonry structures, with an overview of how Brazilian materials, codes and practices differ from the rest of the world. Finally, the paper explains how the use of high‐strength units assists the growing demand for taller and taller buildings and provides insight into why owners and general contractors often prefer to use structural masonry.     

Differentiation between the terms ”confined masonry“ and ”infill masonry“

This publication concerns the differentiation between the terms ”confined masonry“ and ”infill masonry“ using the example of the national technical approval Z‐17.1‐1145 – POROTON S9 MW –vertically perforated clay units with integrated thermal insulation using thin layer mortar [1].     

Proposal for the simplified design of basement walls under lateral earth pressure

This paper deals with the design of basement walls subjected to lateral earth pressure. The current simplified calculation method according to DIN EN 1996‐3/NA only covers active earth pressure, which is the lower limiting value of the earth pressure. Designing according to DIN EN 1996‐1‐1/NA, higher coefficients of earth pressure (like earth pressure at rest) can be considered, with an additional verification of the shear resistance being necessary. This paper presents a theoretical model, which forms the basis for an analytical derivation of the loadbearing capacity, and explains the required minimum values of the acting normal force to ensure sufficient resistance to cover bending and shear. Based on these results, a simplified equation is proposed for the determination of the required minimum normal force, based on the design according to DIN EN 1996‐3/NA and providing identical values in case of an earth pressure coefficient of 1/3. The required minimum load resulting from this approach fulfils the described requirement to cover bending and shear. The presented solution is verified and the conditions for application are defined. Finally, the minimum required normal forces are evaluated and tabulated for common cases relevant to building practice.