全文获取类型
收费全文 | 16122篇 |
免费 | 2691篇 |
国内免费 | 490篇 |
专业分类
电工技术 | 253篇 |
综合类 | 553篇 |
化学工业 | 6292篇 |
金属工艺 | 684篇 |
机械仪表 | 325篇 |
建筑科学 | 261篇 |
矿业工程 | 740篇 |
能源动力 | 1007篇 |
轻工业 | 926篇 |
水利工程 | 45篇 |
石油天然气 | 842篇 |
武器工业 | 10篇 |
无线电 | 1543篇 |
一般工业技术 | 4893篇 |
冶金工业 | 678篇 |
原子能技术 | 78篇 |
自动化技术 | 173篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 91篇 |
2023年 | 527篇 |
2022年 | 696篇 |
2021年 | 955篇 |
2020年 | 941篇 |
2019年 | 856篇 |
2018年 | 883篇 |
2017年 | 967篇 |
2016年 | 924篇 |
2015年 | 971篇 |
2014年 | 1212篇 |
2013年 | 1396篇 |
2012年 | 1216篇 |
2011年 | 1279篇 |
2010年 | 894篇 |
2009年 | 951篇 |
2008年 | 807篇 |
2007年 | 730篇 |
2006年 | 653篇 |
2005年 | 509篇 |
2004年 | 340篇 |
2003年 | 272篇 |
2002年 | 217篇 |
2001年 | 168篇 |
2000年 | 174篇 |
1999年 | 122篇 |
1998年 | 92篇 |
1997年 | 86篇 |
1996年 | 67篇 |
1995年 | 55篇 |
1994年 | 42篇 |
1993年 | 37篇 |
1992年 | 29篇 |
1991年 | 26篇 |
1990年 | 28篇 |
1989年 | 9篇 |
1988年 | 10篇 |
1987年 | 7篇 |
1986年 | 6篇 |
1985年 | 11篇 |
1984年 | 8篇 |
1983年 | 4篇 |
1982年 | 7篇 |
1981年 | 3篇 |
1980年 | 5篇 |
1978年 | 3篇 |
1977年 | 2篇 |
1976年 | 3篇 |
1974年 | 2篇 |
1951年 | 8篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
21.
Oliwia Metryka Daniel Wasilkowski Anna Nowak Magorzata Adamczyk-Habrajska Agnieszka Mrozik 《International journal of molecular sciences》2020,21(23)
Due to the systematic increase in the production of nanomaterials (NMs) and their applications in many areas of life, issues associated with their toxicity are inevitable. In particular, the performance of heterogeneous NMs, such as nanocomposites (NCs), is unpredictable as they may inherit the properties of their individual components. Therefore, the purpose of this work was to assess the biological activity of newly synthesized Cu/TiO2-NC and the parent nanoparticle substrates Cu-NPs and TiO2-NPs on the bacterial viability, antioxidant potential and fatty acid composition of the reference Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis strains. Based on the toxicological parameters, it was found that B. subtilis was more sensitive to NMs than E. coli. Furthermore, Cu/TiO2-NC and Cu-NPs had an opposite effect on both strains, while TiO2-NPs had a comparable mode of action. Simultaneously, the tested strains exhibited varied responses of the antioxidant enzymes after exposure to the NMs, with Cu-NPs having the strongest impact on their activity. The most considerable alternations in the fatty acid profiles were found after the bacteria were exposed to Cu/TiO2-NC and Cu-NPs. Microscopic images indicated distinct interactions of the NMs with the bacterial outer layers, especially in regard to B. subtilis. Cu/TiO2-NC generally proved to have less distinctive antimicrobial properties on B. subtilis than E. coli compared to its parent components. Presumably, the biocidal effects of the tested NMs can be attributed to the induction of oxidative stress, the release of metal ions and specific electrochemical interactions with the bacterial cells. 相似文献
22.
Timothy Zurrer Kenneth Wong Jonathan Horlyck Emma C. Lovell Joshua Wright Nicholas M. Bedford Zhaojun Han Kang Liang Jason Scott Rose Amal 《Advanced functional materials》2021,31(9):2007624
The vast chemical and structural tunability of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are beginning to be harnessed as functional supports for catalytic nanoparticles spanning a range of applications. However, a lack of straightforward methods for producing nanoparticle-encapsulated MOFs as efficient heterogeneous catalysts limits their usage. Herein, a mixed-metal MOF, NiMg-MOF-74, is utilized as a template to disperse small Ni nanoclusters throughout the parent MOF. By exploiting the difference in Ni O and Mg O coordination bond strength, Ni2+ is selectively reduced to form highly dispersed Ni nanoclusters constrained by the parent MOF pore diameter, while Mg2+ remains coordinated in the framework. By varying the ratio of Ni to Mg in the parent MOF, accessible surface area and crystallinity can be tuned upon thermal treatment, influencing CO2 adsorption capacity and hydrogenation selectivity. The resulting Ni nanoclusters prove to be an active catalyst for CO2 methanation and are examined using extended X-ray absorption fine structure and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. By preserving a segment of the Mg2+-containing MOF framework, the composite system retains a portion of its CO2 adsorption capacity while continuing to deliver catalytic activity. The approach is thus critical for designing materials that can bridge the gap between carbon capture and CO2 utilization. 相似文献
23.
24.
《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2021,46(64):32403-32412
Porous carbon nanostructures are promising supports for stabilizing the highly dispersed metal nanoparticles and facilitating the mass transfer during the reaction, which are critical to achieve the high efficiency of hydrogen generation from sodium borohydride dehydrogenation. Herein, the catalytically active porous architectures are simply prepared by using 2-methylimidazole and melamine as reactive sources. The structural and compositional characterizations reveal the coexistence of metallic cobalt and N-doped carbon in porous architectures. Electron microscopy observations indicate that the synthesized products are smartly constructed from the carbon nanosheets with densely dispersed Co nanoparticles. Due to the notable structural features, the prepared Co@NC-600 sample presents the highly efficient activity for catalytic hydrolysis of NaBH4 with a hydrogen generation rate of 2574 mL min−1 gcat−1 and an activation energy of 47.6 kJ mol−1. The catalytically active metallic Co and suitable support-effect of N-doped carbon are responsible for catalytic dehydrogenation. 相似文献
25.
Serdar Akbayrak Yalçın Tonbul Saim Özkar 《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2021,46(27):14259-14269
Herein, we report the use of tungsten(VI) oxide (WO3) as support for Rh0 nanoparticles. The resulting Rh0/WO3 nanoparticles are highly active and stable catalysts in H2 generation from the hydrolysis of ammonia borane (AB). We present the results of our investigation on the particle size distribution, catalytic activity and stability of Rh0/WO3 catalysts with 0.5%, 1.0%, 2.0% wt. Rh loadings in the hydrolysis reaction. The results reveal that Rh0/WO3 (0.5% wt. Rh) is very promising catalyst providing a turnover frequency of 749 min?1 in releasing 3.0 equivalent H2 per mole of AB from the hydrolysis at 25.0 °C. The high catalytic activity of Rh0/WO3 catalyst is attributed to the reducible nature of support. The report covers the results of kinetics study as well as comparative investigation of activity, recyclability, and reusability of colloidal(0) nanoparticles and Rh0/WO3 (0.5 % wt. Rh) catalyst in the hydrolysis reaction. 相似文献
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
L. Sheeney‐Haj‐Ichia S. Pogorelova Y. Gofer I. Willner 《Advanced functional materials》2004,14(5):416-424
Three different configurations of Au‐nanoparticle/CdS‐nanoparticle arrays are organized on Au/quartz electrodes for enhanced photocurrent generation. In one configuration, Au‐nanoparticles are covalently linked to the electrode and the CdS‐nanoparticles are covalently linked to the bare Au‐nanoparticle assembly. The resulting photocurrent, φ = 7.5 %, is ca. 9‐fold higher than the photocurrent originating from a CdS‐nanoparticle layer that lacks the Au‐nanoparticles, φ = 0.8 %. The enhanced photocurrent in the Au/CdS nanoparticle array is attributed to effective charge separation of the electron–hole pair by the injection of conduction‐band electrons from the CdS‐ to the Au‐nanoparticles. Two other configurations involving electrostatically stabilized bipyridinium‐crosslinked Au/CdS or CdS/Au nanoparticle arrays were assembled on the Au/quartz crystal. The photocurrent quantum yields in the two systems are φ = 10 % and φ = 5 %, respectively. The photocurrents in control systems that include electrostatically bridged Au/CdS or CdS/Au nanoparticles by oligocationic units that lack electron‐acceptor units are substantially lower than the values observed in the analogous bipyridinium‐bridged systems. The enhanced photocurrents in the bipyridinium‐crosslinked systems is attributed to the stepwise electron transfer of conduction‐band electrons to the Au‐nanoparticles by the bipyridinium relay bridge, a process that stabilizes the electron–hole pair against recombination and leads to effective charge separation. 相似文献