溶胶-凝胶法合成纳米NiZn铁氧体研究

以金属硝酸盐为原料,柠檬酸为螯合剂,采用溶胶-凝胶法和自蔓延燃烧反应相结合制备纳米NiZn铁氧体粉体.用X射线衍射图谱研究了不同pH值干凝胶的均质化特性和自蔓延后NiZn铁氧体粉体,并用红外吸收光谱研究了干凝胶的自蔓延过程,用透射电镜对合成的纳米粉体进行了形貌表征.     

四氧化三铁纳米粉在水溶液中分散稳定性的研究

采用液相共沉淀法制备了Fe3O4粒子,选用柠檬酸铵、白蛋白、PEG200和柠檬酸等作为分散剂,对Fe3O4纳米粉体进行表面修饰和改性,研究了分散剂种类、添加量及粉体含量等对Fe3O4纳米粉稳定性的影响.研究结果表明,白蛋白和柠檬酸铵是水溶液中纳米粉体很好的分散剂;电解质柠檬酸铵作为分散剂时,溶液分散处理都能达到很好的稳定效果;用白蛋白分散时,最佳工艺条件为:纳米Fe3O4粉体含量为40mL标准溶液/100mL溶液,白蛋白添加量为1.6mL.最后采用HRTEM、FT-IR等对其结构和包裹性能进行表征,结果表明,纳米粒子表面包覆了柠檬酸铵,柠檬酸铵包覆的Fe3O4纳米粒子基本呈球形,单个晶粒粒径约为10nm,制得的磁性液体分散稳定效果很好.     

铁纳米粉体的磁性能研究

为了研究铁纳米粉体材料与常规材料在磁性能方面的不同,采用阳极弧放电等离子体方法制备了铁纳米粉体。利用X射线衍射(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)和振动样品磁强计(VSM)等测试手段对样品的形貌、晶体结构、粒度、磁性能进行表征,并对振动样品磁强计测量静态磁特性的原理进行了分析。测试结果表明,样品呈规则的球形链状分布,表面光洁,平均粒径为39nm,粒径范围分布区间窄,晶体结构为bcc结构的晶态;纳米结构材料与常规材料在磁结构上有差别,铁纳米粉体的饱和磁化强度Ms为53emu/g,剩余磁化强度Mr为1.5emu/g,矫顽力Hc为32.2Oe。     

准格尔矿区主采煤层中铅和硒的异常高值与成因研究

为了研究内蒙古准格尔主采煤层中铅和硒的异常,运用电离耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)、仪器中子活化分析(INAA)、带能谱仪的扫描电镜(SEM-EDX)和光学显微镜对主采煤层中铅和硒的含量、赋存状态和地质成因进行了研究.实验结果表明,准格尔矿区主采6号煤层中铅和硒的质量分数均值分别为35.7×10-6和8.2×10-6,明显高于华北煤、贵州煤、中国煤和美国煤的算术均值,其富集系数分别高达2.4和68.1,铅和硒在该煤层中显著富集;铅和硒主要赋存在方铅矿、硒铅矿和硒方铅矿中,这3种矿物以植物胞腔充填形式出现,属于化学沉积成因.     

Thermal Instability and Microstructure of Strontium M-type Hexaferrite Nanoparticles Synthesized by Citrate Approach

The dried gel of SrFe12O19, prepared by citrate approach, was investigated by means of infrared spectroscopy （ IR ）, thermogravimetric analysis （ TG ）, differential scanning calorimetry （ DSC ）, X- ray diffraction（ XRD ） techniques, energy dispersive spectroscopy（ EDS ）, and transmission electron microscopy（ TEM ）. The thermal instability and the thermal decomposition of low-temperature strontium M-type hexaferrite crystallized at about 600℃ were confirmed for the first time by XRD method. The decomposition of the low-temperature strontium M-type hexaferrite took place at about 688.6℃ determined by DSC investigation. The low-temperature strontium M-type hexaferrite nanopartieles were decomposed into SrFeO2.5 with an orthorthombic cell and Fe2O3 with a tetragonal cell as well as possibl α-Fe2O3 . The agglomerated particles with sizes less than 200 nm obtained at 800℃ were plesiomorphous to strontium M-type hexaferrite. The thermally stable strontium M-type hexaferrite nanopartieles with sizes less than 100um cotdd take place at 900 ℃ . Up to 1000 ℃ , the phose transformotion to form strontium M-type hexaferrite was ended, the calcinations with the sizes more than 1μm were composed of α-Fe2O3 and strontium M-type hexaferrite. The method of distinguishing γ-Fe2O3 with a spinel structure from Fe2O3 with tetragonal cells by using powder XRD method was proposed. Fe2O3 with tetragonal cells to be crystallized before the crystallization of thermally stable strontium M-type hexaferrite was confirmed for the first time. The reason why α- Fe2O3 as an additional phase appears in the calcinations is the cationic vacancy of stroutium M-type hexaferrite , SrFe12-x□O19 （0≤x ≤0.5）.     

Synthesis of Composite Nanoparticles Bearing Epoxy Functional Groups：Encapsulation of Silica by Emulsion Polymerization of GMA

Poly （ glycidyl methacrylate ） / silica （PGMA/silica） composite nanoparticles , containing epoxy functional groups on the surface, were synthesized via emulsion polymerization. With batch process, high yield and binding efficiency （ both around 90% ） were achieved. The amount of crosslinked GMA was approximately 8wt%- 14wt% to the polymerized monomer. It was found that both the encapsulating ratio and the number of the original silica beads per composite particles altered with the amount of silica added. The obtained particles, with their average particle size of about 60- 70 nm, had a spherical shape and a clear core- shell structure.     

铜铅锌多金属复杂硫化矿综合回收工艺研究

进行了多金属硫化矿综合回收有价金属的研究，采用先选出混合精矿，再用冶金方法分离提取有价金属的选冶联合工艺，Zn的回收率可达99％以上，Cu的回收率可达90％以上，98％以上的Pb得到回收，98％以上的Ag可以提取回收，元素硫产出率约70％。     

CuxS(x=1,2)纳米薄膜的异步脉冲超声喷雾热解法制备

采用改进的异步脉冲超声喷雾热解技术在玻璃衬底上成功地制备了CuxS(x =1,2 )纳米薄膜 .研究发现 ,所制备的CuxS薄膜为多晶态 ;薄膜的晶相结构依赖于CuCl2 ·2H2 O和硫脲的摩尔比及衬底温度 .XRD和XPS分析表明 :样品为纯CuxS(CuS ,Cu2 S) ,拉曼谱研究表明其峰位分别在 472cm- 1 (Cu2 S)和 474cm- 1 (CuS)处 .     

Collapse of the Magnetic Hyperfine Structure of Barium Hexaferrite by Mechanochemical Activation

The collapse of the magnetic hyperfine structure of barium hexaferrite as an effect of mechanochemical activation was investigated. The various inequivalent sites and phases present in the milled material were studied by transmission Mössbauer spectroscopy. Barium hexaferrite nanoparticles were obtained after only 2 h of milling time and were found to coexist with iron oxide particles for longer times of exposure to mechanochemical activation. The milled samples were then subjected to thermal annealing, in order to test the reversibility of the collapse of the hyperfine structure. The thermal annealing performed (700°C, 1 h) was partly successful in restoring the magnetic hyperfine structure of milled hexaferrite. Complementary information was obtained using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and electron diffraction (ED).     

熔融条件对聚苯硫醚/尼龙6共混物结晶与熔融行为的影响

用ＤＳＣ研究了熔融温度与熔融时间对聚苯硫醚／尼龙６共混物中两组分的结晶行为的影响。虽然熔融条件不同,共混物中ＰＰＳ组分的熔体结晶温度比纯ＰＰＳ的高出２０～４０℃随熔融温度提高和熔融时间延长而降低;但其熔点、结晶与熔融热比纯ＰＰＳ的低。表明ＰＡ６熔体对ＰＰＳ结晶有成核作用,ＰＰＳ与ＰＡ６组分之间存在的相互作用受熔融条件的影响。