非过渡金属二元系液相分层的若干规律

用扩展的Ｍｉｅｄｅｍａ合金元胞模型研究了非过渡金属二元系液相分层规律，结果表明：Δｎｗｓ＾１／３大，Δψ小的二元合金系液相分层，在ΔＺ（价电子数差）与Δｎｗｓ＾１／３，Δψ张成的三维空间中，形成固相中化合物的二元液相分层系和不形在固相中间化合物的液相分层系各自分布在特定的区域。     

圆锥形零件冲压成形极限的确定

圆锥形零件极限变形程度可用极限拉深系数［ｍｚｄ］＝［ｄ２／Ｄ０］来表示。根据圆锥形零件与圆筒形零件的内在联系，经力学分析得出了便于实用的圆锥形零件极限拉深系数［ｍｚｄ］的计算表达式，并由此给出了用［ｍｚｄ］所表示的成形极限曲线和第一次拉深时的极限拉深系数。经实验验证表明所确定的成形极限是准确和可靠的。     

激光熔炼W/W2Ni3Si金属硅化物“原位”复合材料的耐磨性

采用水冷铜模激光合金熔炼炉制备了以初生w树枝晶为增强相、以w2Ni3Si三元金属硅化物为基体的金属硅化物“原位”耐磨复合材料．分别在室温干滑动磨损及600℃高温滑动磨损条件下测试了上述W／W2Ni3Si金属硅化物“原位”增强耐磨复合材料的耐磨性，并讨论了其磨损机理．结果表明，上述金属硅化物耐磨复合材料在室温干滑动磨损和高温滑动磨损条件下均具有优异的耐磨性能．     

The influence of titanium on the electrochemical properties of the AB5-type metal hydrides

AB₅-type intermetallic compounds were prepared by arc-melting in argon atmosphere. The composition of a stoichiometric compound LaNi_3.6Al_0.4Co_0.7Mn_0.3 with a hexagonal CaCu₅ structure was varied by stoichiometric and nonstoichiometric addition of Ti. With the increase of the Ti y0.05 content in LaNi_3.6Al_0.4Co_0.7Mn_0.3Ti_y, the hydrogen storage capacity is enhanced, whereas when y=0.1–0.3, it is decreased. The discharge capacity and cyclability are increased considerably by addition of titanium in the range of 0.02–0.1 with a maximum value at about 0.1%. The highest maximum capacity is achieved for a nonstoichiometric addition of 0.05% Ti. The kinetic properties are also additionally improved by the formation of a titanium-rich second phase. This can explain the improvement of the capacity for alloys with low Ti content. The decrease in capacity for high Ti content was also correlated with the amount of the Ti-rich phase. Therefore, the improvement of kinetics are due to the catalytic effect, grain boundary diffusion effect or more pronounced alloy pulverization upon cycling. This study has been aimed to improve the electrode properties of a series of multicomponent LaNi_3.6Al_0.4Co_0.7Mn_0.3Ti_y (y=0.0, 0.02, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3) alloys which have mutual complementary properties. All the prepared alloys have been subjected to analyses by EDS, SEM and XRD. In order to determine the hydrogen storage capacity, the pressure composition isotherms (P–C–T curves) have been used. The metal hydride electrodes were characterized by galvanostatic cycling test.     

Improvement of thermal and mechanical properties of graphite/copper composites through interfacial modification

Unidirectionally reinforced graphite/copper composites have been fabricated using a pressure infiltration casting procedure. T300 and T650 graphite fibers have been used to reinforce copper and copperchromium alloys. The effects of the chromium level in the copper matrix on the tensile strength, stiffness, and thermal expansion behavior of the composites have been evaluated through tensile and three-point bend testing, and thermal cycling. At the 0.5 wt% alloying level, chromium increases the stiffness and optimizes the thermal expansion behavior of graphite/copper composites. The longitudinal tensile strengths of these composites are above 1606 MPa, whereas the transverse tensile strengths are lower than 40 MPa due to incomplete infiltration during processing. Scanning electron microscopy analyses reveal that the unalloyed copper matrix composites experienced extensive fiber/matrix debonding under tensile loading. The addition of chromium to the copper increases the level of matrix bonding to the graphite fibers, as evidenced by observations of fractured tensile specimens. Auger electron spectroscopy analyses indicate that a chromium carbide phase present at the interface is responsible for the improved bonding.     

XPS spectra of the AFe4Al8 compounds with A=Y, Sc, U and Th

The XPS electronic structures of the AFe₄Al₈ (A=Sc, Y, U, Th) single crystals were measured. The valence band of UFe₄Al₈ exhibits domination of the U 5f states at the Fermi level, while for the other AFe₄Al₈ compounds the valence states are shifted by 0.5 eV toward higher binding energy. The multiplet structure of the U 4f and Th 4f states was analyzed in comparison with the U 4f states of U₃Ge₅ and UNiSb₂.     

挤压铸造工艺参数对Al_2O_(3f)/Al-4.5%Cu复合材料凝固方式与组织的影响

挤压铸造制备了Al2O3短纤维/Al 4 5%Cu合金复合材料,研究了关键工艺参数对基体合金凝固方式与组织的影响。结果表明:Al2O3短纤维表面不能作为基体α初晶非自发形核衬底;随凝固冷却速度ε的增大,复合材料基体组织将细化,基体中有更多完整的晶界出现,偏析第二相主要分布于晶界上,其量随ε的增大而明显增多;纤维体积分数Vf的增大将细化基体晶粒尺寸至纤维间隙大小,同时随Vf的增大,主要分布于纤维/基体界面的偏析第二相的量将有所降低;模具、预制块预热温度及合金液浇注温度对复合材料凝固过程的影响归结到对凝固冷却速度的影响上来;外加压力的提高使复合材料基体组织细化。     

金属材料直接接触加热熔化过程的研究

采用准稳态法对电加热管直接接触加热金属材料的熔化过程进行了研究，获得了金属材料在熔化过程的温度分布、界面移动规律以及电加热管表面温度的变化与表面热负荷的关系，并通过试验验证了电加热管在金属熔化过程中表面温度的变化规律。理论计算结果表明，当电热管加热功率密度较大时，其表面温度和金属材料温度均不会大幅度升高；理论和试验结果的比较表明，电热管表面温度的理论计算结果和试验结果较为一致。     

Effect of binder-phase modification and Cr3C2 addition on properties of WC-IOC0 cemented carbide

For production of fine-grained and corrosion-resistant tungsten carbide (WC) based cemented carbides, addition of chromium carbide (Cr₃3C₂) in small amounts is standard practice. No systematic study, however, has been made of the effects of large additions (maximum 6 wt % ) of Cr₃C₂ as a substitute for tungsten carbide. This study focuses on the effect of hard-phase substitution by C₃C₂ in WC-1OCo cemented carbide. An attempt is also made to modify the binder metal cobalt by partial or complete substitution of nickel. Specimens were prepared using the standard liquid-phase sintering process and were tested for sintered porosity, mechanical properties, corrosion resistance, and microstructural parameters. Results confirm the findings of earlier workers regarding grain refinement and improvement of mechanical properties upon the addition of small amounts (<2 wt%) of Cr₃C₂. Modification of the binder phase improves indentation fracture toughness and corrosion resistance. Addition of Cr₃C₂ independent of the binder type improves corrosion resistance.