聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯/二氧化硅复合材料的热性能

聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯/二氧化硅(PMMA/Si O_2)复合材料可以通过简便的单体浇铸、本体聚合方法制备,二氧化硅用硅烷偶联剂3-(异丁烯酰氧)丙基三甲氧基硅烷(γ-MPS)进行表面修饰,并用红外光谱表征其甲苯抽提后的组成。当加入量为11.76%时,PMMA/Si O_2复合材料的导热率达到0.23 W/(m·K),比基体PMMA提高了27.78%。用PMMA红外光谱的侧甲基弯曲振动峰(δCH3)与羰基(νC=O)的伸缩振动峰比值可以表示PMMA大分子的偶合终止与歧化终止的比例,随着二氧化硅含量的增加,歧化终止比例升高,从而使PMMA/Si O_2复合材料的热稳定性提高,与热重分析结果一致。     

两亲性共聚物P(MMA-co-AMPS)对聚偏氟乙烯超滤膜性能的影响

以2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙磺酸(AMPS)为亲水单体,甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)为疏水单体,偶氮二异丁腈(AIBN)为引发剂,采用自由基共聚合法制得了两亲性共聚物P(AMPS-co-MMA);以两亲性共聚物P(AMPS-co-MMA)与聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)共混,通过相转变法制备PVDF/P(MMA-co-AMPS)超滤膜。利用傅里叶变换红外光谱、热失重法表征无规共聚物的组成和热稳定性能。并通过扫描电子显微镜,傅里叶变换红外光谱、吸水率测试、表面润湿性测试,探讨了不同单体摩尔比对PVDF/P(MMA-co-AMPS)超滤膜的结构及性能的影响。结果表明,单体AMPS与MMA间发生自由基聚合生成两亲性共聚物P(AMPS-co-MMA)。PVDF/P(MMA-co-AMPS)超滤膜表面多孔,内部有大孔,存在相对致密皮层和多孔的支撑层。当2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙磺酸和甲基丙烯酸甲酯的摩尔比为2∶1时,PVDF/P(MMA-co-AMPS)超滤膜吸水率和表面润湿性能最好。     

溶胶-凝胶法制备xLa-3%In-TiO_2光催化材料

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备xLa-3%(摩尔分数,下同)In-TiO_2光催化材料,对其进行XRD,SEM,比表面,孔径分布表征和光催化活性评价。结果表明:所制备的样品为四方晶系锐钛矿结构,掺杂La和In样品的TiO_2晶粒尺寸有所减小。In3+,La3+以置换Ti 4+的方式进入TiO_2晶格中。掺杂La后材料的比表面积增大,平均孔径减小。xLa-3%In-TiO_2的孔径主要分布在1.5~10nm范围内。La的掺杂明显提高了材料的光催化活性,甲基橙在0.3%La-3%In-TiO_2和3%InTiO_2上的光催化反应速率常数分别为0.061,0.029min~(-1)。甲基橙分子中的显色基团在光催化过程中可以完全降解。     

N（2）—乙酰基—9—[（2—乙酰氧乙氧基）甲基]鸟嘌呤的制备工艺条件的研究

人工神经网络由于其具有较好的自组织,自学习,多输入,多输出的能力,在预测方面已取得了广泛应用,本文将BP人工神经网络应用于N（2）－乙酰基－9－[2(2-乙酰氧乙氧基）甲基鸟嘌令的制备工艺条件快速 准确地确定工艺影响参数及其范围的问题。     

N,N-二甲基对甲基苯胺的自动氧化

N,N-二甲基对甲基苯胺(DMT)是一个典型的电子给体,可以和多种电子受体形成称之为CCT(Contact Charge Transfer)的络合物。在光照条件下,这种络合物可以生成离子自由基,从而引起一系列反应。同时,DMT又是一个还原剂,很容易发生氧     

仲丁醇含量对正丁烯直接水合法制仲丁醇的影响

研究了正丁烯直接水合法制仲丁醇工艺中原料水中仲丁醇含量对反应的影响.当原料水中含有少量仲丁醇时(约0.9%时),其对水合反应过程的转化率影响不大;原料水中含有少量仲丁醇时,反应过程的稳定性比较好.当水合反应的原料水中仲丁醇浓度增大时(原料水中仲丁醇浓度为2.0%左右时),反应过程的转化率明显下降.当水合反应的原料水中仲丁醇含量进一步增大时,反应过程的转化率下降明显,但呈非线性变化.     

A RIS treatment of the mean-square dipole moment of PMMA chains in consideration of the pendant ester group orientations

According to the six-state scheme proposed by Vacatello and Flory, the mean-square dipole moments 〈M²〉/x (x: number of monomeric units) of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) chains and their temperature dependence were calculated by the matrix algebra method of rotational isomeric state theory. To take account of the orientation effect of polar ester groups, the statistical weight matrices, U′ and U″, were recast into an expanded form. A Bernoullian probability λ introduced to measure the preference between the two alternative orientations (χ=0 and χ=π) of the side ester groups was found to give rise to a large effect on the mean-square dipole moment of polymers. When the skeletal bonds of a meso dyad are both in trans, an exceptionally strong dipole-dipole interaction may take place. If the two adjacent ester groups adopt the same orientation, the dipoles must be situated nearly parallel to each other in a close proximity. Such repulsive interactions may be alleviated by taking a staggered conformation, i.e. (χ,χ′)=(0,π) or (π,0). Such neighbor-dependent correlation inherent to the meso dyad is considered by assigning a parameter λ′ to the proper element of the U_m″ matrix. The values of 〈M²〉/x observed at 30 °C were satisfactorily reproduced by adopting λ=0.270 and λ′=0.865. The thermal coefficients were found to be reconciled with the available experimental data by allowing the orientation parameters λ and λ′ to be slightly temperature dependent. The stereochemical characteristics of the chain terminals were examined in order to extend the treatment to include the dipole moment of PMMA oligomers.     

Anisotropic properties of aligned SWNT modified poly (methyl methacrylate) nanocomposites

The poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)/single-walled carbon nanotube (SWNT) composites with good uniformity, dispersion and alignment of SWNT were fabricated in an improved figuration process. The semidried mixture was stretched along one direction at a drawing ratio of 50 before it was dried, and then folded along the same direction stretching repeatedly for 100 times. The transmission electron microscopic (TEM) observation demonstrated that SWNT in the PMMA/SWNT composite tends to align in the stretching direction owing to a torque exerting on it in the stretching process. The electrical and mechanical properties of PMMA/SWNT composite were studied as a function of SWNT orientation and concentration. The aligned SWNT modified PMMA/SWNT composite presented highly anisotropic properties. The experimental results showed that the electrical conductivity and mechanical properties of composite rise with the increase of SWNT concentration, and that composite films showed higher conductivity and higher mechanical draw ratios along the stretched direction than perpendicular to it. The thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) revealed that embedding the SWNTs into the PMMA matrix also improves the thermal stability of the composite.     

丙烯腈-丙烯酸甲酯共聚物的合成、结构与性能

采用水相沉淀法制备了含有0~30 m o l%丙烯酸甲酯(M A)的丙烯腈(AN)-丙烯酸甲酯共聚物,采用红外光谱(FT-IR)、差热分析(DSC)、X射线衍射(XRD)、核磁共振(NM R)等方法对聚合产物进行了分析。聚合产物的组成比与投料比相近,随M A比例的增加,分解温度升高,玻璃化转变温度(Tg)降低。含M A 30m o l%的共聚物的分解温度为338.8℃,而熔融温度仅为188.8℃,由于第二单体M A的加入,使得共聚物的熔点降低至分解温度之前,这为改性聚丙烯腈的无增塑熔融纺丝提供了可能性。     

含双邻位甲基侧基聚醚砜醚酮酮/聚醚砜醚酮酮三元无规共聚物的合成与表征

以2，2’，6，6’-四甲基-4，4’-二苯氧基二苯砜（o-M2DPODPS）、4，4’-二苯氧基二苯碱（DPODPS）为单体，无水AlCl3／N，N-二甲基甲酰胺（DMF）／1，2-二氯乙烷（DCE）为催化剂溶荆体系，与对苯二甲酰氯（TPC）发生Fridel—Crafts酰化缩聚反应，合成了一系列新型高分子量主链含双邻位甲基侧基的聚醚砜醚酮酮（DM-PESEKK）／聚醚砜醚酮酮（PESEKK）无规共聚物．利用IR、DSC、WAXD、TGA、^1H-NMR等方法对聚合物进行了表征分析，测定了共聚物的对数比浓黏度．结果表明，随DM-PESEKK链节含量的增加，共聚物的玻璃化转变温度（Tg）逐渐升高，熔融温度（Tm）和结晶度逐渐下降，溶解性能得到较大改善，具有良好的热稳定性。