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81.
This paper presents the results of the larger study into a potential application of laser radiation for the detection of phase transition processes in low temperatures occurring on the surface layers of cementitious materials. An attempt was made to identify relationships between the environmental conditions—temperature and air humidity, and the selected parameters of the reflected light. Onset of the condensation process and formation of water microdrops on the surface of the material leads to the phase displacement of individual laser rays, which are represented by different speckle images.

Although the analysis of parameters of the reflected light are very difficult in the case of porous materials because of highly developed roughness of the surface structure it has been proved that a dynamic study of the phase transition phenomena can be successfully carried out without mechanical intervention.  相似文献   

82.
Recent developments of high-performance NEOMAX magnets   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
For further improvement in achieving extremely high magnetic properties of Nd- Fe- B sintered magnets, extensive investigation has been done to densify the magnet up to the theoretical value, to increase the volume fraction of the Nd 2Fe14B matrix phase, and to achieve a high degree of alignment. By controlling chemical composition and the amount of constituent phases,improving particle size distribution, and adopting the isostatic pressing method to get better alignment of fine particles, we have succeeded in obtaining a high-performance magnet having residual flux density (Br) of 1.495 T (14.95 kG), maximum energy product [(BH)max] of 431 kj/m3 (54.2 MGOe), and intrinsic coercivity (iHc) of 845 kA/m (10.62 kOe).  相似文献   
83.
LaxBa1—xCoO3系导电陶瓷的显微结构与电特性关系的研究   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
王成建  肖鸣山 《功能材料》1997,28(5):506-508
通过X射线衍射分析和扫描电镜观察,得到了LaxBa1-xCoO3系导电陶瓷的显微结构,并发现当X从0到1变化时,相结构随之发生六方-立多-多相结构变化。在显微结构形态上,呈现出晶粒通道网络,室温电阻率与显微结构之间有明显的对应关系。  相似文献   
84.
施加复合电磁搅拌对A357合金微观组织的影响   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
在半固态加工技术中,电磁搅拌是最早应用于制备非枝晶浆料的方法之一,同时也是半固态触变压铸技术最早获得工业应用的重要技术基础之一。采用自行开发的电磁搅拌器,研究了多种不同电磁搅拌方式在不同工艺条件下,单独施加或复合施加对A357合金微观组织的影响。试验结果表明:单一施加旋转感应电磁搅拌时,浆料径向组织很不均匀;单一施加无芯感应电磁搅拌。当搅拌电流较小时,径向组织也不均匀,增大电流,浆料质量有明显改善;采用(旋转感应+无芯感应)复合电磁场进行复合电磁搅拌时,可在电流较小时获得满意的浆料质量。  相似文献   
85.
Magnesium-lithium alloys are among the lowest density metallic materials. Addition of lithium, with a relative density of 0·53, in magnesium reduces the density of the alloy significantly. Furthermore, addition of nearly 11 wt.% lithium converts hexagonal close packed structure of pure magnesium to a body centered cubic lattice, markedly improving formability of the alloy. The development of these alloys, however, had been hampered due to the high reactivity of lithium and magnesium in the molten state and also, due to poor creep resistance and instability of mechanical properties at room temperature. In an attempt to indigenize these ultra light alloys for possible applications in Indian satellite programme, detailed research work was initiated in DMRL. The difficulties associated with producing sound cast ingots have been overcome by controlling melting and casting parameters of these alloys. Extensive work has been done on structure-property correlation of alloys with varying lithium content and minor alloying additions. Based on these work, advanced magnesium-lithium alloys have been developed with improved tensile properties, room temperature stability and creep resistance. Wrought products (plates/sheets) of magnesium-lithium alloy have been supplied to ISAC, Bangalore and are being used in their INSAT-2 programme. This paper describes the systematic studies carried out in the laboratory to indigenize these ultra light alloys.  相似文献   
86.
This paper present the results of the investigation into a potential application of laser radiation for the detection of phase transition processes occurring on the surface layers of porous materials. An attempt was made to discuss in the approximation equations, the relationships between coefficients of the reflected light, the temperature and humidity of the surrounding environment. Laser light reflected from the porous surface carries information about the roughness of the structure. The presence of water microdrop on the surface of the porous material, as a result of condensation and thus a phase transition, leads to the phase displacement of individual rays, which is represented by different images. Therefore, a comprehensive analysis of the reflected light parameters allows a dynamic study of the phase transition phenomena without mechanical intervention.  相似文献   
87.
平面Z-型软磁铁氧体频率特性的研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
研究分析了Co2Z材料显微结构与磁性能的关系,在普通铁氧体工艺中引入预磁化处理方法,并适当控制二次再结晶现象,成功地研制出高性能的Co2Z型宽频材料,Z-型铁氧体材料的共振频率可达1.8GHz以上,截止频率在1GHz附近,起始磁导率在8-13之间,介电常数相对较低(ε'<30)。  相似文献   
88.
微合金钢模拟焊接热影响区组织和韧性研究   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
洪永昌 《热处理》2002,17(3):16-19
采用焊接模拟试验方法,研究了不同峰值温度(Tmax)和不同冷却时间(t8/5),对合Ti-N、TI-NB-N两种微合金钢热影响(HAZ)显微组织、奥氏体晶粒度、冲击韧性影响。试验结果表明:Ti-N钢焊接热影响区比Ti-Nb-n钢具有更高的冲击韧性、更适用于大线能量的焊接条件。  相似文献   
89.
Pb(Sc1/2Ta1/2)O3铁电体的有序结构和介电性质)   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
通过铌铁矿预合成法制备Pb(Sc1/2Ta1/2)O3(PST)陶瓷,经适当的热处理获得了钙钛矿化合物B位离子的高有序和高无序试样,PST陶瓷的介电性质研究结果表明,高有序试样(S=0.77)的居里温度为29℃,并具有较低的介电常数表现出普通铁电体性质特征,而高元序试样(S=0)具有很高的介电常数,并表现出明显的弥散性相转变和Tm的频率色散行为,即高介电常数的驰豫铁电体性质。文中还利用XRD,SE  相似文献   
90.
The texture of potato tissue after a freeze–thaw process using different freezing rates and different pretreatments was analysed, in order to select the best strategy for optimum preservation of the textural characteristics of pre‐frozen potato. Ten blanching conditions were tested and a two‐step blanching process with calcium chloride (0.07 g mL?1) proved the most effective in protecting the tissue after a freeze–thaw process (maximum load force around 10–55% of the raw tissue, depending on potato batch, for air‐blast freezing and 20–60% for immersion freezing). Vacuum impregnation at 100 and 400 mbar, even when followed by different pre‐drying treatments to remove excess water, was very detrimental to resistance to a freeze–thaw process (maximum load force below 10% of the raw tissue for air‐blast freezing and below 20% for immersion freezing). Microstructure analysis confirmed better tissue integrity retention with ethyleneglycol immersion freezing instead of air‐freezing. Differences were found between batches with a 6‐month difference in storage time, indicating that the fresher batch was more suitable for freezing.  相似文献   
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