微波烧结Al2O3-TiC复合材料的研究

以纳米级TiC、Al2 O3 为原料 ,用微波烧结制备Al2 O3 -TiC复合材料 ,并与常规烧结比较。分析了两种烧结方法对制备试样的力学性能的影响 ,并探讨了添加剂对Al2 O3 -TiC复合材料烧结性能的影响     

微波辐射合成4(3H)-喹唑酮

以邻氨基苯甲酸和甲酰胺为原料,在无溶剂条件下采用微波辐射法合成4(3H) 喹唑酮。实验结果表明:n(甲酰胺)/n(邻氨基苯甲酸)=10,反应物加热预混合,甲酰胺分批加料,微波辐射强度为180W,微波辐射时间为6～8min时,邻氨基苯甲酸的转化率可达96%以上,4(3H) 喹唑酮的收率在94%以上,反应速率比常规加热条件下提高45倍。     

沉积温度对微波热解CVI制备碳/碳复合材料密度及组织结构的影响

以碳毡为预制体,N2为稀释气体,甲烷为碳源前驱体,其分压为10 kPa,滞留时间为0.15 s的工艺条件下,研究了不同沉积温度对微波热解化学气相渗透(chemical vapor infiltration,CVI)工艺制备碳/碳复合材料的致密化速率、样品的体积密度及其密度均匀性的影响,并对其组织结构进行了观察.分析了沉积温度对微波热解CVI工艺制备碳/碳复合材料的密度与组织结构的变化规律.结果表明:在微波热解CVI工艺中,随着沉积温度的降低,碳毡预制体的致密化速率及最终体积密度呈现先升后降,1100 ℃沉积制备复合材料的密度均匀性最好,并呈现从内到外逐步沉积的规律.热解碳的织构主要为中等织构.     

Quick Activation of Optimized Zeolites with Microwave Heating and Utilization of Zeolites for Reusable Desiccant

Effectiveness of microwave heating in an activation treatment of zeolites was studied and utilization of zeolites for reusable desiccant was examined. X zeolite was chosen as a target material for its large adsorption capacity. Na-X zeolite easily caused a thermal runaway by microwave radiation of 500 W but Ca contained X zeolite merely reached ca. 573 K under the same conditions. Mixtures of Na-X and Ca-X with suitably mixed ratios did not cause the thermal runaway and their heating temperatures were controlled (>573 K) at will. Under the most suitable conditions, the mixture reached a dehydration degree of 92%. A degradation degree of adsorptive capacity of the mixture for water was examined after three treatments. The average degradation degree was 1.5% per treatment. The heating method is promising as a quick and easy technique to activate zeolite. By applying the method, the zeolites with suitable mixing ratios are usable as a reusable desiccant for home use.     

蒙脱石预处理对制备柱撑蒙脱石的促进作用研究

在制备柱撑蒙脱石的过程中，首次提出了蒙脱石的预处理工艺，并以莱西钙基膨润土为原料，研究了预处理方法、预处理时间、料浆浓度、分散剂种类及用量对蒙脱石分散程度的影响，将钙基蒙脱石颗粒分散达到0.964 μm。经过预处理后，用钙基蒙脱石直接制备柱撑蒙脱石，并用SEM、XRD、DTA-TG和SRF等进行了表征。经300 ℃焙烧2 h后，其层间距为1.262 nm，热稳定性达588 ℃，此法省去了蒙脱石的钠化改性，简化了制备工艺。     

微波促进二氯菊酸甲酯的水解新工艺研究

采用微波技术对二氯菊酸甲酯在NaOH溶液中水解为二氯菊酸工艺进行了研究。结果表明,微波促进下最佳水解条件为:反应温度90℃,功率100 W,反应时间10 m in,物质的量比n(二氯菊酸甲酯)∶n(C2H5OH)∶n(NaOH)=1∶4∶1.5,重结晶后收率高达99.6%。与传统条件相比,时间缩短30倍,收率提高24.6%,无水乙醇用量减少60%,NaOH用量减少17%。并用红外光谱和熔点对二氯菊酸进行表征。     

微波诱导稀土固体超强酸SO4^2-／TiO2／Ce^4＋催化合成乙酸正丁酯

本文探讨了标题合成方法中合成反应条件对酯收率的影响。其最佳反应条件为：n(醇)：n(酸)=2．5：1．0，固体超强酸用量为反应物总质量的2．0％，微波辐射功率528W，辐射时间20min，酯收率达89．5％。用IR等手段对产品进行了确证。     

Carburization of ferrochromium metals in chromium ore fines containing coal during voluminal reduction by microwave heating

Chromium ore fines containing coal (COFCC) can be rapidly heated by microwave to conduct the voluminal reduction, which lays a foundation of getting sponge ferrochromium powders with a lower content of C. Under the conditions of COFCC with n(O):n(C) (molar ratio) as 1.00:0.84 and n(SiO₂):n(CaO) as 1.00:0.39, the samples were heated by 10 kW microwave power to reach the given temperatures and held for different times respectively. The results show that the low-C-Cr ferrochromium metal phase in the reduced materials forms before the high-C-Cr ferrochromium metal phase does. With increasing temperature the C content of ferrochromium metals is in a positive correlation with the content of Cr. The C content of ferrochromium metal in reduced materials is 0–10.07% with an average value of 4.68%. With the increase of holding time the Cr content in ferrochromium metals is in a negative correlation with the content of C, while the content of Fe changes in the contrary way. In the microwave field the kinetic conditions of carburization are closely related with the temperature of microwave heating, holding time and carbon fitting ratio. Foundation item: Project(50474083) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China; Project supported by the Baoshan Iron & Steel Co. Ltd. of China     

中药丸微波干燥灭菌机原理设计

主要对中药丸微波烘干灭菌系统的工作原理进行了设计．论文给出了采用微波进行中药丸干燥灭菌的优点．系统主要由微波加热设备、物料输送系统、控制与检测系统、排湿系统等部分组成．详细介绍了微波对中药丸进行干燥灭菌的工作流程．     

微波辐射提取桔皮中橙皮苷的研究

以乙醇溶液为提取溶剂,采用微波辐射提取桔皮中的橙皮苷,考察了溶剂浓度、微波功率、微波辐射时间、液料比等因素对橙皮苷提取量的影响.正交试验优化显示：溶剂体积浓度55%、微波提取功率400 W、辐射时间70 s和液料之比15∶1（质量比）时,橙皮苷的提取率为41.05%,比无微波辐射提取提高了14.21%.