W/O乳状液模板法制备纳米MnO2微球

以偏重亚硫酸钠（Na2S2O5）和高锰酸钾（KMnO4）为原料，通过W／O乳状液模板技术制备了纳米MnO2微球．用SEM、TEM、XRD、FT-IR等手段对产品的形貌、物相和成分进行了表征．结果发现用本方法制得的纳米MnO2微球，大小基本均匀，球形规整，纯度较高，且具有较高的反应活性．结合实验事实和产品特性，初步探讨了纳米MnO2微球的形成机理．     

Eudragit Coating of Chitosan-Prednisolone Conjugate Microspheres and In Vitro Evaluation of Coated Microspheres

Chitosan-prednisolone conjugate microspheres (Ch-SP-MS) were prepared, and Eudragit coating was applied in order to efficiently deliver the microspheres and drug to the intestinal disease sites. The Eudragit L100-coated microspheres (Ch-SP-MS/EuL100) were examined for particle characteristics and the release of drug and Ch-SP-MS in different pH media at 37°C. Ch‐SP-MS were spherical, with a mean size of 4.5 μm and prednisolone content of 3.3% (w/w). Ch-SP-MS/EuL100 were fairly spherical, with a mean size of 22. 5 μm and drug content of 0.32% (w/w). At pH 1.2, the release extent was less than 5% even at 48 h, and Eudragit coating tended to suppress the release. In contrast, at pH 6.8 and 7.4, Ch-SP-MS/EuL100 tended to show somewhat faster drug release than Ch-SP-MS. Ch-SP-MS/EuL100 displayed a release extent of 23 and 27% at pH 6.8 and 7.4, respectively. Ch-SP-MS aggregated at pH 1.2, but almost kept their initial size and shape at pH 6.8 and 7.4. Ch-SP-MS/EuL100 almost maintained their original shape and size at pH 1.2, and gradually released Ch-SP-MS at pH 6.8 and 7.4 due to dissolution of the Eudragit layer. Eudragit coating is suggested to be useful to efficiently deliver Ch-SP-MS to the intestinal disease sites.     

聚（N-异丙基丙烯酰胺-co-丙烯酸）/Fe3O4复合微球的制备及表征

采用Fe3O4、N-异丙基丙烯酰胺(NIPAM)和丙烯酸(AA)制备了具有磁敏、温敏和pH敏感的多重敏性复合微球。先使用共沉淀法制备Fe3O4磁性纳米颗粒,并用油酸对其改性。继而采用种子聚合法制备P(NIPAM-co-AA)磁性微球。研究表明,在pH值为10的合成条件下,复合微球的分散性较好。采用疏水性引发剂可相对增加有机、无机相之间的亲和性。通过扫描电镜(SEM)、红外光谱(FT-IR)、动态光散射(DLS)和超导量子干涉磁强计(SQUID)等对微球进行了结构与形态表征,结果证明,复合微球形貌统一,各组分之间聚合良好。复合微球的粒径约为249 nm,对温度、pH可作出预期的响应,饱和磁化强度为40 emu/g。     

Manufacture of Syntactic Foams: Pre-Mold Processing

Manufacturing processes for syntactic foams made of hollow microspheres and starch were studied. Various manufacturing parameters in relation to the “buoyancy method” were identified and inter-related. An equation based on unit-cell models with the minimum inter-microsphere distance concept for a relation between volume expansion rate of bulk microspheres in aqueous starch and microsphere size was derived and successfully used to predict experimental data. It was demonstrated that the inter-microsphere distance can be calculated numerically for microspheres with known statistical data. The equation relating between volume expansion rate and microsphere size was further extended to accommodate a relation between inter-microsphere distance and microsphere size but with limited accuracy for binders of low starch content. An alternative empirical linear equation for the relation between inter-microsphere distance and microsphere size is proposed for wider applications. A simple method for estimation of syntactic foam density prior to completion of manufacture is suggested. Shrinkage after molding of syntactic foam is discussed in relation with different stages such as slurry, dough and solid. A two-step manufacturing process involving molding and then forming is suggested for syntactic foam dimensional control.     

分散聚合法制备粒径可控的单分散聚苯乙烯微球

以苯乙烯(St)为单体,偶氮二异丁腈(AIBN)为引发剂,聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)为分散剂,乙醇/水为分散介质,采用分散聚合法制备了聚苯乙烯(PS)微球。研究了单体、引发剂、分散剂的浓度,分散介质中乙醇与水的比例对制备PS微球粒径及粒径分布的影响。采用傅立叶红外光谱(FT-IR)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、场发射扫描电镜(FE-SEM)、动态光散射(DLS)等手段,对微球的组成成分、表面形貌、粒径及其分布进行了表征。结果表明,在合适条件下,分散聚合法可以制备粒径200～1000nm范围内可控、球形度良好、表面光滑、互不粘连的单分散PS微球。     

32P-玻璃微球介入治疗肝细胞肝癌的临床初步应用

采用Ｓｅｌｄｉｎｇｅｒｓ穿刺法,导管超选择至肝固有动脉以远,灌注＾３２Ｐ－玻璃微球（＾３２Ｐ－ＧＭＳ）,对９７例肝细胞肝癌（ＨＣＣ）实施了９９次内照射介入治疗。结果表明,Ａ方案半年及１、２、３年生存率分别为１００％、９６．７％、５６．７％和４３．３％;Ｂ方案分别为９７．９％、９１．８％、６１．２％和５１．０％。经治后的中位生存时间为５８５天。多因素分析显示：肝功能、肿瘤大小、临床类型及＾３２Ｐ－Ｇ     

油品中无机微粒的介电响应

研制了介电泳微电极阵列芯片,建立了基于介电泳原理捕获石油中无机微粒的装置。用自制的芯片及装置研究了无机微粒在石油介质中的介电响应规律。实验结果表明,研制的芯片能够用于各种无机微粒在油品中介电响应的研究。实验所用的无机微粒中,空心微球是最好的实验材料,可作为研究无机微粒的模型。讨论了影响介电泳的各种因素。当频率固定时,迁移电压与微粒尺寸的三次方成反比;当粒径大小相近时,频率越低,迁移电压越低,在实际应用中可选择50Hz。在显微条件下得到的实验结果为石油产品的介电泳精制提供了理论依据。     

脲醛树脂/TiO2复合微球缓蚀剂的制备及性能表征

为降低发射药的烧蚀性,在不引入模板剂和结构导向剂的情况下,控制尿素和甲醛逐步聚合得到一种表面多孔的脲醛树脂微球作为基体,用溶胶-回流法在孔上沉积纳米TiO_2颗粒,形成复合微球作为缓蚀添加剂使用。扫描电镜及粒径分析结果表明脲醛树脂微球表面存在明显的斑驳纳米孔,结合傅里叶红外(FT-IR)和光电子能谱(XPS)分析,确定纳米孔可用于沉积纯度较高的纳米TiO_2,形成的脲醛树脂/TiO_2复合微球粒径分布在7～30μm。热分析结果显示,复合微球中无机组分的含量约为6%,复合微球与发射药具有良好的相容性,不会影响发射药的热分解且有利于提高发射药的热安定性。半密闭爆发器试验证实了复合微球的缓蚀性能,当复合微球相对于发射药的质量占比为3.4%时效果最好,缓蚀效率可达20.5%。该复合材料有望应用于制式发射药改性和新型高能发射药设计。     

乙烯基胶原蛋白微球的制备及其应用

为了得到带有"-C=C-"的胶原蛋白微球,我们使用甲基丙烯酸酐对胶原蛋白改性,再采用乳化交联法将改性胶原蛋白制备成乙烯基胶原蛋白微球(CMAs),并将微球应用到尼龙基材上.研究了CMAs的制备条件,使用傅里叶红外光谱(FT-IR)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、激光粒度分析仪等对CMAs和乙烯基胶原蛋白微球/尼龙(Nylo...     

溶剂热法制备介孔球形钛酸锂负极材料

以醋酸锂和钛酸四正丁酯为原料,使用NH4HCO3作为结构引导剂,通过溶剂热法后固相烧结合成了具有尖晶石型介孔球形Li4Ti5O12,探讨了不同的钛锂比和热处理温度及NH4HCO3用量对Li4Ti5O12结构和电化学性能的影响,并通过X射线衍射光谱法(XRD),扫描电子显微镜法(SEM)和恒流充放电对其进行了表征。结果表明通过该法在钛锂摩尔比为5∶4.3时,在800℃下热处理3 h可获得晶型与标准谱一致的Li4Ti5O12,在溶剂热过程中使用NH4HCO3做为结构诱导剂时,可获得具有介孔结构的球形Li4Ti5O12材料,该材料在充放电过程中显示出了较好的电化学性能。