ANN valuation model of material LCIA profile

Weighting model is the only valuation model of life cycle impact assessment(LCIA) profile now. It simplifies evaluation function into linear function, and makes the determination of weighting factor complicated. Therefore the valuation of LCIA profile is the most critical and controversial step in life cycle assessment(LCA). Development on valuation models, which are understood easily and accepted widely, is urgently needed in the field of LCA.The modeling approaches for the linear evaluation function were summed up. The modeling approaches for the nonlinear evaluation function were set up by function approximation theory, which include choosing preference products, forming preference data, establishing artificial neural network(ANN) and training ANN by preference data.By selecting 7 material products as preference product, experience was done with modeling approaches of the nonlinear evaluation function. The results show that the modeling approaches and valuation model of the nonlinear evaluation function are more practical than the weighting model.     

激光熔覆TiC增强FeAl金属间化合物基复合材料涂层磨损性研究

利用激光熔覆技术在1Cr18Ni9Ti奥氏体不锈钢表面制得了以TiC为增强相、以FeAl 金属间化合物为基体的耐磨复合材料涂层，研究了激光熔覆。FiC／FeAl复合材料涂层在干滑动磨损条件下的耐磨性能及磨损机制。结果表明：随着载荷和滑动速率的增加，TiC／FeAl金属间化合物基复合材料涂层的磨损速率增加，其磨损机制随着载荷的增加逐渐由磨料磨损向粘着磨损转变；激光熔覆层中TiC体积分数的增加，一方面提高了涂层的磨料磨损抗力，另一方面降低了熔覆层表面与对磨材料之间的粘着倾向，提高了TiC／FeAl涂层的滑动磨损性能。激光熔覆TiC/FeAl金属间化合物基复合材料涂层具有优异的耐磨性能并随TiC体积分数的增加而提高。     

新型超高相对分子量阳离子聚丙烯酰胺的合成

研究了由过硫酸铵、甲醛次硫酸氢钠、功能性单体 DA及其它助剂组成的低温复合引发体系引发丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵 (AETMAC)与丙烯酰胺 (AM)水溶液绝热聚合。考察了影响共聚物特性黏数[η]的因素 :单体浓度 1 8%～ 3 2 % ,引发剂浓度 (9～ 3 0 ) mg/L ,功能单体浓度 (2 .9～ 2 3 .2 )× 1 0 - 3mol/L。由该低温复合引发体系在适宜条件下引发 AETMAC/AM共聚合 ,可得到溶解性能很好、阳离子度为 1 0 %～70 % ,分子量 (1～ 2 )× 1 0 7的 P(AETMAC-AM)干粉。     

镍系聚丁二烯橡胶生产技术进展

介绍了近几年国内外镍系顺丁橡胶生产技术的进展情况，内容涉及分子量调节技术、催化剂配置技术、节能降耗的气相聚合、本体聚合工艺及橡胶后处理过程中使用的热泵技术、螺杆挤压工艺，同时也对国内外顺丁橡胶新型防老剂的使用情况及其新品种的开发进行了简要介绍。     

超高相对分子质量聚乙烯纤维粘合涂层用水乳型聚丙烯酸酯微乳液的合成

以甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)、丙烯酸丁酯(BA)、丙烯酸(AA)及丙烯酸羟乙酯(HEA)为单体,以十二烷基硫酸钠(SLS)、OP-10和正辛醇的复合物为乳化剂,当m(BA)∶m(MMA)∶m(AA)∶m(HEA)=50∶50∶3∶10、w(乳化剂)=13%、反应温度为80℃及反应时间为3h时,合成了可用于超高相对分子质量聚乙烯纤维粘合涂层的水乳型聚丙烯酸酯微乳液,单体转化率为99 8%,乳胶粒径为30nm,乳液膜的玻璃化温度为-28℃,应用工艺简单,涂层粘附性好、柔软、耐磨。     

高性能纤维的弯曲疲劳断裂研究

在自制弯曲疲劳装置上 ,对 3种高强对位芳纶及超高相对分子质量聚乙烯纤维 (Dyneema SK65 )进行双面弯曲疲劳试验。结果表明 ,Twaron 2 0 0 0弯曲疲劳寿命的自然对数与预加应力、弯曲角度呈线性关系 ,Dyneema SK65弯曲疲劳寿命明显长于对位芳纶 ,Twaron 2 0 0 0 ,Kevlar 12 9相近 ,都比Kevlar 2 9略长 ;高强型对位芳纶的弯曲疲劳断裂断口芯层呈现出“毛笔头”或“拔丝形”原纤化分裂形态 ,超高相对分子质量聚乙烯纤维弯曲疲劳断裂断口有明显的脆性折断形态 ,无原纤出现。     

聚酯的摩尔质量与机械性能研究——Ⅰ.动态力学性能

应用粘弹谱仪考察了不同摩尔质量的聚酯(PET、PBT、PBT/PET)的动态力学性能,结果表明摩尔质量增大将提高其模量,但亦导致结晶速度变慢,使测得的模量反而比摩尔质量较低的试样小.     

低截留分子质量新型聚芳醚腈酮超滤膜的研制

以新型聚芳醚腈酮为膜材料 ,以N -甲基 - 2 -吡咯烷酮 (NMP)为溶剂 ,研究了聚合物浓度、添加剂种类及含量、凝胶浴温度等对超滤膜性能的影响。结果表明 ,聚合物质量分数以 1 2 %～ 1 3 %为合适的制膜浓度 ,以聚乙二醇PEG - 4 0 0为添加剂时获得了高截留率和高水通量的超滤膜。随着凝胶浴温度的升高 ,水通量明显增大 ,而截留率有所下降 ,而共聚物的浓度增加则有相反的效果。制得的超滤膜具有较低的截留分子量 (PEG- 2 0 0 0 ) ,将制得的超滤膜用于达旦黄、黄X-G等染料的分离 ,截留率均达 90 %以上     

Adhesion Mechanisms of Polyurethanes to Glass Surfaces I. Structure-Property Relationships in Polyurethanes and Their Effects on Adhesion to Glass

Polyurethanes were prepared from toluene diisocyanate (TDI), 1-4-butane diol (BDO) and polycaprolactone-based triols with varying molecular weights. Among each molecular weight triol-based urethane, hard segment content was varied from 20% to 70%. Differential scanning calorimetry, tensile testing, and Iosipescu shear testing were done on all the various urethanes prepared. Thermal characterization data revealed the dependence of phase separation on hard segment content as well as on the triol molecular weight. Tensile data and Iosipescu shear data further confirmed the observations made from the DSC data. The data further indicated that phase separation can greatly improve the modulus of cross-linked segmented urethanes. Adhesion of these urethanes to glass surface was evaluated using soda-lime float glass plate. Urethane samples were cast on the air side of the glass plates and adhesion was measured in shear mode. Adhesion data indicated that in addition to hard segment content, modulus, cross-link density, and molecular weight of the triols, phase separation seems to be a major factor in controlling adhesion. Surfaces of the failed adhesion samples were also analyzed and the failure mode was found to be cohesive, in varying degree, with the different urethane systems.     

采矿法方案优选指标权数的动态分析

在采矿方案优选的研究中，其决策的正确与否，取决于参与计算的采矿法的定量、定性指标个数以及这些指标的权数。本文通过实例分析了指标权数的波动对采矿方案优劣排序的影响，以减小决策的风险。