纳米ZnO光催化降解HPAM的可行性研究

采用胶体自组装法在玻璃衬底上生长出纳米ZnO颗粒,研究了其对聚合物驱油后产出含聚污水中水解聚丙烯酰胺（HPAM）的光催化降解性能。探讨了HPAM初始浓度、催化剂用量和pH值对光催化效率的影响。结果表明：该纳米ZnO光催化剂适合处理低质量浓度的HPAM;催化剂最佳用量为0．5％;溶液PH值为6左右时,znO的光催化性能最好;在外加0．2％的H2O2后,光催化降解效果可得到进一步的提高;150min后降解可达80％;纳米ZnO光催化剂可多次舌寅弄11用．     

冷冻介质对纳米TiO_2粉体分散的影响

为了解决纳米TiO2的分散问题,在冷冻介质中以复合分散剂对纳米二氧化钛颗粒进行分散,并采用透射电子显微镜对其分散情况、粒径大小进行测试。结果表明:在冷冻介质中纳米二氧化钛在复合分散剂(m(聚丙烯酸钠)∶m(三聚磷酸钠)=1∶1)时纳米颗粒可以均匀分散,可以得到几纳米大小的分散体系。分散介质的温度是影响纳米颗粒分散的关键因素,并给出相应理论分析。其中,配合、且复合分散剂与二氧化钛的质量比为1.5∶1时分散效果最好。对纳米二氧化钛颗粒的分散而言,冷冻技术和分散剂配比起了关键作用     

甲烷-空气火焰法合成纳米颗粒中火焰的数值模拟

基于甲烷-空气火焰法合成纳米颗粒的实验,建立了二维轴对称湍流火焰模型,在标准壁面函数和非平衡壁面函数的近壁面处理条件下采用RSM、Standard k-ε和RNG k-ε湍流模型对实验中的火焰进行数值模拟,给出了火焰温度场和火焰长度的数值计算结果。通过与实验结果对比,确定了用非平衡壁面函数下的RNG k-ε湍流模型进行火焰数值计算的合理性。用此模型对不同甲烷、空气流速下的火焰进行模拟,分析了影响温度场分布的主要因素,并与实验结果进行比较,两者相符,从而证明了该模型的有效性。     

Electrical properties of sub-100 nm Cu films deposited by electroless plating on amino-terminated silicon oxide activated with Au nano-particles

Self-assembled organic monolayers (SAMs) are good coupling agents and diffusion barriers at Cu/SiO₂ and Cu/low-k interfaces and are considered therefore as important elements of future all-wet ULSI metallization with sub-45 nm Cu deposited by electroless plating (ELD). We formed SAM of 3-aminopropyltrimethoxy silane (APTMS) onto SiO₂/Si substrate, activated the surface of APTMS with 5, 8, 15 and 25 nm Au nano-particles (AuNPs), deposited (30-100) nm films of Cu by ELD and measured electrical resistivity ρ of the films in the as-deposited state and after vacuum annealing at 220 C. The size of AuNPs was found to be a key factor in getting low resistance sub-100 nm Cu films by ELD. The resistivity ρ ≈ 4 ± 0.8 μΩ·cm - considerably smaller compared to the previously reported data - was achieved with the use of 5 nm AuNPs. XPS and AFM revealed nano-pores, which can contribute to ρ but do not compromise likely the diffusion barrier properties of the SAM.     

SiC／CoSb3复合热电材料的制备及热电传输特性

以Co、Sb粉体为原料，利用机械合金化（MA）和放电等离子烧结（SPS）法制备SiC／CoSb3复合热电材料。采用X-射线衍射法确定机械合金化粉末和SPS烧结块体的相组成，用透射电子显微镜（TEM）观察粉体形貌和块体的显微结构。在300～800K范围内测量了复合热电材料的电阻率、塞贝克系数和功率因子，研究了纳米SiC颗粒的添加对复合材料热电性能的影响。研究结果表明，SiC颗粒的引入使复合材料的电阻率降低，功率因子提高。在680K时0．1vol％SiC／CoSb3复合材料的功率因子比单相CoSb3热电材料提高了约100μW／m·K^2。     

Alloys Preparation of Ag Particles/Islands on Si Wafer by RF Magnetron Sputtering

In order to investigate the morphology change of Ag nano-particles/island film with the sputtering time and annealing temperature,Ag nano-particles/island films were sputtered on the silicon wafers by radio-frequency(RF)magnetron sputtering.Ag nano-particles/islands films were sputtered on Si wafer with different time.After sputtering,the samples with Ag nano-particles/islands films were annealed at 100,200 and 400 o C for 1 h,respectively.Raman spectrum was employed to examine the phase stability of Ag particles/island film after annealed at 400 o C for 1h.The result showed that the Raman spectrum peak of Ag particles/island film with annealed at 400 o C was similar to that of pure Ag.Scanning electron microscope(SEM)was used to test the microstructures and morphology of the films with different condition.To further study the morphology change,atomic force microscope(AFM)was used to test surface morphology of the Ag particles/islands films.The SEM and AFM results showed that the morphology of Ag nano-particles/island films were different with the increasing sputtering time.Ag particles went through a dramatic change on the Si wafer surface,when sputtering time changed from 3 to 60 s,Ag particles diffused and agglomerated with the annealing temperature increasing.     

SDS/正丁醇/正庚烷/水微乳液稳定性分析及应用

研究了十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)/正丁醇/正庚烷/水(或氯化镁与硝酸铝混合水溶液或氢氧化钠溶液)四组分形成稳定微乳液的条件。考察了表面活性剂与助表面活性剂的质量比、温度、pH值、盐浓度对该体系稳定性的影响及水与表面活性剂的摩尔比(ωo)对水核粒径的影响。结果表明,m(SDS)∶m(正丁醇)=4∶6时,反相微乳液最稳定,对温度变化不敏感,pH值为7～13时,具有较好的稳定性,随着镁铝混合盐溶液浓度的增加,反相微乳区域急剧缩小,水核粒径随着ωo增大而增大,在稳定微乳液区域内制备了分布较均匀,尺寸范围30～70 nm的粒状纳米颗粒。     

添加Cr2O3对Al2O3-TiC陶瓷烧结及纳米结构形成的影响

研究了Ａｌ２Ｏ３－ＴｉＣ陶瓷材料中Ｃｉ２Ｏ３添加剂对该陶瓷材料烧结致密度和力学性能的影响。Ｃｒ２Ｏ３与ＴｉＣ在高度有化学反应发生,反应产物在高温产生的液相有助于陶瓷材料的烧结。Ｃｒ２Ｏ３与Ａｌ２Ｏ３形成的连续固溶体,使Ａ２ｌＯ３晶格的活化从而也促进了Ａｌ２Ｏ３－ＴｉＣ陶瓷材料的烧结。ＴＥＭ研究表明：Ｃｒ离子高温时在ＴｉＣ中具有较高的溶解度,降温后淀析出许多纳米级含Ｃｒ的颗粒,使Ａｌ２Ｏ３－ＴｉＣ陶     

基于水凝胶聚合物波导传感器检测盐酸吖啶黄

多功能化是光纤化学传感器的重要发展方向。为实现该目标,首先通过激光诱导波导自形成技术制备了一种光纤–水凝胶聚合物波导–光纤传感结构,并在水凝胶聚合物波导探针中成功地掺杂了纳米金颗粒。在该结构中,波导与光纤同轴无缝相连,保证了探测光和信号光的高效利用。掺金后的聚合物波导具有丰富的光谱探测能力,利用该波导探针成功实现了对盐酸吖啶黄的吸收、荧光以及拉曼光谱的检测,扩大了波导传感器的应用范围。     

油酸包覆Fe3O4纳米粒子的红外光谱研究

液相共沉积法制备正庚烷基磁性液体,为了研究油酸对纳米粒子的包覆作用,采用红外光谱分别测试Fe3O4纳米粒子、油酸及正庚烷基铁氧体磁性液体。比较其结果得出,油酸通过端羧基与Fe3O4纳米粒子之间的化学反应来实现对其表面包覆,包覆过程没有破坏油酸的非极性链,确保包覆后的油酸具有与非极性载液相容性,此为磁性液体表面活性剂的本质作用。