施用纳米肥料对小麦微结构和营养品质的影响

为了研究施用纳米肥料399植物生长剂后小麦籽粒微结构和营养品质的变化,通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察比较了施用和未施用399植物生长剂的小麦籽粒的外部形貌和截面特征.通过观察发现,399植物生长剂对表皮细胞、糊粉层及胚乳的生长都有促进作用.对小麦蛋白质、脂肪、粗纤维和重金属的质量分数进行了检测分析.结果表明,施用399植物生长剂的小麦蛋白质质量分数提高了8%以上,粗脂肪质量分数提高了5%以上;粗纤维、铅的质量分数与399植物生长剂的施用没有正相关性.     

Effect of Surface Properties on Nanoparticle–Cell Interactions

The interaction of nanomaterials with cells and lipid bilayers is critical in many applications such as phototherapy, imaging, and drug/gene delivery. These applications require a firm control over nanoparticle–cell interactions, which are mainly dictated by surface properties of nanoparticles. This critical Review presents an understanding of how synthetic and natural chemical moieties on the nanoparticle surface (in addition to nanoparticle shape and size) impact their interaction with lipid bilayers and cells. Challenges for undertaking a systematic study to elucidate nanoparticle–cell interactions are also discussed.

     

纳米材料在生物检测中的应用

纳米颗粒是生物医学中研究最多、应用最广的纳米材料,有许多独特的性质.综述了近年来国际上以纳米颗粒为基础的纳米技术在生物传感器及生物检测中的研究成果和进展,介绍了纳米颗粒的制备方法及其在纳米生物传感器和纳米生物芯片中的应用,结合纳米病原微生物检测介绍了有关免疫传感器检测细菌的研究成果,并对该领域的应用前景进行了展望.     

DNA nanodevices

The molecular recognition properties of DNA molecules combined with the distinct mechanical properties of single and double strands of DNA can be utilized for the construction of nanodevices, which can perform ever more tasks with possible applications ranging from nanoconstruction to intelligent drug delivery. With the help of DNA it is possible to construct machinelike devices that are capable of rotational motion, pulling and stretching, or even unidirectional motion. It is possible to devise autonomous nanodevices, to grab and release molecules, and also to perform simple information-processing tasks.     

Preparation of Magnetic Carbon Nanotubes (Mag-CNTs) for Biomedical and Biotechnological Applications

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been widely studied for their potential applications in many fields from nanotechnology to biomedicine. The preparation of magnetic CNTs (Mag-CNTs) opens new avenues in nanobiotechnology and biomedical applications as a consequence of their multiple properties embedded within the same moiety. Several preparation techniques have been developed during the last few years to obtain magnetic CNTs: grafting or filling nanotubes with magnetic ferrofluids or attachment of magnetic nanoparticles to CNTs or their polymeric coating. These strategies allow the generation of novel versatile systems that can be employed in many biotechnological or biomedical fields. Here, we review and discuss the most recent papers dealing with the preparation of magnetic CNTs and their application in biomedical and biotechnological fields.     

S-Layer Protein Self-Assembly

Crystalline S(urface)-layers are the most commonly observed cell surface structures in prokaryotic organisms (bacteria and archaea). S-layers are highly porous protein meshworks with unit cell sizes in the range of 3 to 30 nm, and thicknesses of ~10 nm. One of the key features of S-layer proteins is their intrinsic capability to form self-assembled mono- or double layers in solution, and at interfaces. Basic research on S-layer proteins laid foundation to make use of the unique self-assembly properties of native and, in particular, genetically functionalized S-layer protein lattices, in a broad range of applications in the life and non-life sciences. This contribution briefly summarizes the knowledge about structure, genetics, chemistry, morphogenesis, and function of S-layer proteins and pays particular attention to the self-assembly in solution, and at differently functionalized solid supports.