纳米技术在生物传感器及检测中的应用

纳米生物技术是纳米技术与生物技术交叉渗透形成的新技术,是纳米技术的重要组成部分,也是将来生物医学领域中的一个重要发展方向.纳米颗粒是生物医学中研究最多、应用最广的纳米材料,有着许多独特的性质.本文叙述了近年来国际上以纳米颗粒为基础的纳米技术在生物传感器及生物检测中的研究成果和进展,介绍了纳米颗粒的制备方法,以及它们在纳米生物传感器和纳米生物芯片中的应用,结合纳米病原微生物检测也介绍了我们进行的有关免疫传感器检测细菌的研究成果.最后,对该领域的应用前景进行了展望.     

Diverse biotechnological applications of multifunctional titanium dioxide nanoparticles: An up‐to‐date review

Titanium dioxide (TiO₂) nanoparticles (NPs) are one of the topmost widely used metallic oxide nanoparticles. Whether present in naked form or doped with metals or polymers, TiO₂ NPs perform immensely important functions. However, the alteration in size and shape by doping results in improving the physical, chemical, and biological behaviour of TiO₂ NPs. Hence, the differential effects of various TiO₂ nanostructures including nanoflakes, nanoflowers, and nanotubes in various domains of biotechnology have been elucidated by researchers. Recently, the exponential growth of research activities regarding TiO₂ NPs has been observed owing to their chemical stability, low toxicity, and multifaceted properties. Because of their enormous abundance, plants, humans, and environment are inevitably exposed to TiO₂ NPs. These NPs play a significant role in improving agricultural attributes, removing environmental pollution, and upgrading the domain of nanomedicine. Therefore, the currently ongoing studies about the employment of TiO₂ NPs in enhancement of different aspects of agriculture, environment, and medicine have been extensively discussed in this review.