Efficacy of intramammary tilmicosin and risk factors for cure of Staphylococcus aureus infection in the dry period

The objective ofthis study was to evaluate the efficacy of intramammary tilmicosin, administered at drying-off, for eliminating Staphylococcus aureus infection, and to identify risk factors for S. aureus cure during the dry period. A total of 219 naturally infected cows, representing 308 quarters, were randomized to receive either one of two treatments at drying-off. Cows received either an intramammary infusion of 500 mg of benzathine cloxacillin, or a sterile solution containing 1,500 mg of tilmicosin. All cows had quarter milk samples taken aseptically three times before dry-off, and at wk 1, 2, and 4 of the subsequent lactation. Overall, 62% of cows and 67.5% of quarters infected with S. aureus cured during the dry period. The cure following administraton of tilmicosin was 67.3 and 72.5% for cows and quarters, respectively. By comparison, the cure achieved with cloxacillin was 56.9 and 62.9% of cows and quarters. Cows receiving tilmicosin were 2.1 times more likely to cure. The cure rate for cows decreased as the linear score on the last DHI test increased, and as the amount of S. aureus being shed increased. Quarters that cultured positive multiple times before drying-off were less likely to cure. Staphylococcus aureus infections located in front quarters of the udder were 2 times more likely to cure than those in hind quarters. Results of this study demonstrate that intramammary tilmicosin at drying-off is efficacious in curing existing S. aureus during the dry period. Risk factors associated with the cure of S. aureus were identified.     

光动力疗法在头颈部恶性肿瘤治疗中的研究进展

头颈部恶性肿瘤严重影响患者的生存质量,且长期生存率较低。光动力疗法是近年来兴起的一种诊断和治疗肿瘤的新型方法,本文对光动力的原理及其在头颈部恶性肿瘤治疗方面的应用进展作一综述。     

A randomized controlled trial of cognitive behavioral therapy for adherence and depression (CBT-AD) in HIV-infected individuals.

Objective: To evaluate cognitive-behavioral therapy to enhance medication adherence and reduce depression (CBT-AD) in individuals with HIV. Design: A two arm, randomized, controlled, cross-over trial comparing CBT-AD to enhanced treatment as usual only (ETAU). ETAU, which both groups received, included a single-session intervention for adherence and a letter to the patient's provider documenting her or his continued depression. The intervention group also received 10 to 12 sessions of CBT-AD. Main Outcome Measures: Adherence to antiretroviral therapy as assessed by Medication Event Monitoring Systems (MEMs) and depression as assessed by blinded structured evaluation. Results: At the acute outcome assessment (3-months), those who received CBT-AD evidenced significantly greater improvements in medication adherence and depression relative to the comparison group. Those who were originally assigned to the comparison group who chose to cross over to CBT-AD showed similar improvements in both depression and adherence outcomes. Treatment gains for those in the intervention group were generally maintained at 6- and 12-month follow-up assessments. By the end of the follow-up period, those originally assigned CBT-AD demonstrated improvements in plasma HIV RNA concentrations, though these differences did not emerge before the cross-over, and hence there were not between-groups differences. Conclusions: CBT-AD is a potentially efficacious approach for individuals with HIV struggling with depression and adherence. Replication and extension in larger efficacy trials are needed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

The cognitive-behavioral relationship record.

The Cognitive-Behavioral Relationship Record is a technique designed to help individual psychotherapy clients make sense of chronic relationship problems and to encourage them to experiment with new behavioral solutions. In this paper, the reader is given step-by-step instructions on how to use the Relationship Record accompanied by case illustrations. By conceptualizing relationships in terms of the interplay between two individuals’ cognitions and behaviors, the Relationship Record gives therapists a new tool to address the circular causality in relationship systems. In addition to its usefulness as a therapeutic technique, it may be seen as a step toward the integration of family systems into cognitive–behavioral therapy, or, more specifically, the assimilation of strategic therapy techniques and concepts into Aaron T. Beck’s school of cognitive therapy. The Relationship Record joins a movement in psychotherapy integration to enhance individual-based therapies by assimilating interpersonal approaches. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Processes and outcomes of psychotherapists' personal therapy: Replication and extension 20 years later.

In this replication and extension of a national survey of psychotherapists conducted in 1987, American psychologists (n = 219), counselors (n = 191), and social workers (n = 192) reported in 2007 on the processes and outcomes of their personal therapy experiences. Of the 85% who sought therapy at least once, women, men, and members of all three professions were equally as likely to have received personal treatment. Their top reasons for seeking therapy were marital–couple distress (20%), depression (13%), need for self-understanding (12%), and anxiety–stress (10%). Approximately 24% used psychotropic medication in combination with personal therapy. More than 90% of therapists reported positive outcomes across multiple domains. The modal lasting lessons from personal treatment related to therapist reliability, skill, and empathy. The results are tentatively compared with those obtained in 1987, thus chronicling the evolution of personal therapy among psychologists and social workers during the past 20 years. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

盐——中医学及现代医学的研究与验证

分析研究中医学和<本草纲目>中对盐的医疗作用的研究;介绍盐作中药的药理作用,盐对中药炮制作用;综合归纳传统中医学和现代医学中,盐的保健、治疗、强身、美容作用,通过现代医学药理实验,以口服外用两种手段,进行抗炎、镇痛实验,证明盐具有消炎、镇痛作用,为进一步开发"生活用盐"(保健、治疗、健身、美容用盐),提供医学实验依据.     

Development and characterizations of polylactic acid (PLA) and polyglycolide acid (PGA) monofilaments for acupoint catgut embedding therapy applications

Abstract

Polylactic acid (PLA) and polyglycolide acid (PGA) are known for good biocompatibility. These features have resulted into significant academic and industrial research interest in various areas. However, in the acupoint catgut embedding therapy field, the existing PLA and PGA can't satisfy usage requirements due to their poor properties. This work designed novel melt-spinning system to produce different PLA and PGA monofilaments, and effects of spinning conditions on their comprehensive performances were characterized. The results showed that samples had the smooth surfaces and diameters decreased with spinning parameters. PLA-2 (Strength = 78.63 cN; Elongation = 57.28%) and PGA-2 (Strength = 57.34 cN; Elongation= 18.42%) perform the best mechanical properties. All the samples were non-toxicity, and PLA group degraded much slower than that of PGA group. In conclusion, this melt-spinning system showed potential in ACET application the optimum parameters (v?=?150 m/min, n?=?6) were proved to have the higher prospect.     

在校大学生体质调查与中医食疗

体质学说是中医理论的一个重要方面,在一定程度上决定着人体对某种致病因子的易感性及其病变类型的倾向性。而中医思想的另一个重要方面则是"药食同源",运用食物来达到疗疾保健的功效。本文通过分析大学生群体体质调查问卷,了解大学生群体体质差异及表征,并且对应提出一些食疗建议,以期结合体质特点和中医食疗来改善大学生健康状况,做到"治未病"。