正交试验法优选电镀镍复合添加剂

通过正交试验确定了最佳镀镍复合添加剂配方:吡啶衍生物(NPB)15 mg/L,糖精钠(BSI)1 000 mg/L,苯亚磺酸钠(BSS)120 mg/L,2–乙基己烷磺酸钠(EHS)500 mg/L,烯丙基磺酸钠(SAS)1 500 mg/L和丙炔磺酸钠(PS)45 mg/L。研究了各组分对镀层光亮度和镀液分散能力的影响,结果表明,各组分对镀层亮度的影响大小顺序为NPB>BSS>EHS>SAS>PS>BSI;对镀液分散能力影响的大小顺序为BSS>NPB>EHS>BSI>PS>SAS。与某市售镀镍添加剂相比,该复合添加剂在镀层亮度、镀液分散能力、微观形貌和降低孔隙率等方面都有所提高。     

An Environmentally Benign,Highly Efficient Catalytic Reduction of p‐Nitrophenol using a Nano‐Sized Nickel Catalyst Supported on Silica‐Alumina

A green and effective method is reported for the reduction of p‐nitrophenol to p‐aminophenol using a nano‐sized nickel catalyst supported on silica‐alumina in the presence of hydrazine hydrate as an alternative source of hydrogen. It was found that nickel loaded on a silica‐alumina support is a very effective catalyst in the hydrogenation of p‐nitrophenol to p‐aminophenol. Thus it attained 100% conversion in only 69 seconds instead of 260 seconds for commercial Raney nickel. In addition, the possibility to reuse it more than one time with great efficiency gives it another advantage over commercial Rainey nickel which cannot be used more than once. This economical and environmentally friendly method provides a potentially new approach for the synthesis of the intermediate product of paracetamol in industry, which overcomes the drawbacks of the known reduction methods. The prepared catalysts were fully characterized by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X‐ray (EDX), and electron spin resonance (ESR) tehniques.     

Pd-, Ni-, Fe-, and Co-Catalyzed Cross-Couplings Using Functionalized Zn-, Mg-, Fe-, and In-Organometallics

The development of new methods for preparing polyfunctional organometallics has made a broad range of such reagents available for various transition metal-catalyzed cross-couplings. An overview of the most general preparation methods will be presented. Applications to practical cross-coupling procedures will be covered, emphasizing the functional group compatibility and the reaction scope.     

�۽���������Ԥ������ؿdz��ͼ�ȱ�ݷ����е�Ӧ��

首次应用聚焦离子束(Focused Ion Beam,简称FIB)技术对镀镍电池钢壳表面微小点缺陷进行准原位截面切割观察,并结合扫描电镜及X射线衍射方法进行对比分析。结果显示,作为一种专用的薄片制作技术,单束FIB技术还是一种重要的准原位表征技术,能获得成分、晶粒变形程度、晶体取向衬度信息,为揭示镀镍电池壳表面缺陷在成型过程中演变的组织特性提供有力的证据。     

超快速冷却系统的物料跟踪技术

为了提高超快冷物料跟踪系统的准确性和实时性,采用预矫直机的速度替代辊道运行速度有效地消除了钢板和辊道之间存在的相对位移,并开发出了一种在冷却区中进行位置修正的装置,摆脱了一直以来冷却区中因水汽问题无法进行位置修正的处境。通过上述两种方法,有效地提高了超快速冷却系统物料跟踪的准确性。     

卡车门玻璃导轨成形工艺及模具设计

玻璃导轨是卡车驾驶室车门上必备的冲压件,由于其长度长刚性差,外形呈3D立体形状和断面为半封闭形状,给成形带来许多困难。本文根据其腹板面形状和翻边类型的不同,提出了两种工艺方案和联合安装模具结构,实践证明这种工艺方法最简捷,模具成本最低,是一种非常实用的方法。     

Nanocrystalline electroless nickel poly-alloy deposition: incorporation of W and Mo

Autocatalytic quaternary Ni–W–Mo–P films were prepared using alkaline citrate based baths and compared with binary Ni–P and ternary Ni–W–P, Ni–Mo–P coatings. Energy dispersive X-ray analysis showed that the binary Ni–P deposit contained 12·2 wt-%P. Codeposition of tungsten in Ni–P matrix resulted in ternary Ni–W–P with 4·1 wt-%P and 5·2 wt-%W. Incorporation of molybdenum led to a ternary Ni–Mo–P deposit containing 4·1 wt-%Mo and 11·2 wt-%P. Presence of both sodium tungstate and sodium molybdate in the basic bath resulted in a quaternary coating with 3·6 wt-%W, 6·7 wt-%Mo and 2·5 wt-%P. X-ray diffraction patterns of all the deposits revealed a single peak for Ni (1 1 1). The quaternary alloy exhibited a sharper peak showing the more crystalline nature of the deposit. Field emission scanning electron microscopy studies of the deposits showed the presence of smooth nodules for ternary deposits, but coarse and well defined nodules for quaternary deposits. Phase transformation behaviour of the ternary Ni–W–P deposit revealed a single exothermic peak at 440°C. However, ternary Ni–Mo–P deposit exhibited a split type high temperature peak at 397 and 461°C and the quaternary Ni–W–Mo–P deposit showed a single high temperature peak at 485°C. Microhardness measurements showed that the quaternary Ni–W–Mo–P deposit exhibited increased hardness of 920 HV(50 gf) when heat treated for 1 h at 400°C.     

孔结构对Ni3Al金属间化合物多孔材料抗腐蚀性能的影响（英文）

采用元素粉末反应合成的方法并用尿素作为造孔剂制备Ni3Al金属间化合物多孔材料。用电化学和浸泡实验表征Ni3Al金属间化合物多孔材料在6 mol/L KOH溶液中的抗腐蚀行为。系统研究孔结构对材料抗腐蚀性能的影响。研究结果表明:孔隙率较大的Ni3Al金属间化合物多孔材料较孔隙率较小的样品腐蚀更严重,这是由于孔隙率较大的样品具有复杂的联通孔结构以及较大的比表面积。然而,材料的腐蚀速率与比表面积并不成正比,这是因为随着孔隙率的增大,材料的孔径大小、孔径分布以及孔隙形状都随之变化。不同孔隙率大小的Ni3Al金属间化合物多孔材料在碱溶液中均表现出较好的抗腐蚀性能。     

The preparation and property research of the stainless steel/iron scrap clad plate

As an attempt to recycle iron scraps, a new method is proposed to produce stainless steel clad plate by hot rolling. Iron scraps (Q195) were cold pressed into stainless steel pipe (304), and were subsequently hot rolled to produce composite clad plates at 1250 °C. Experiments showed that the iron scraps could be compressed into solid steel and joined well with the outer stainless steel surface using the proposed method. The shear strength of the bimetallic interface formed is about 273 MPa after seven pass rolling. The clad plates produced show good bending ductility. Element diffusion occurred at the interface during the hot rolling processes. The peak hardness appears in the vicinity of the interface due to the severe plastic deformation under high temperature and pressure during the rolling processes.