过硫酸铵-硫酸亚铁铵法测定钨精矿中锰量的研究

钨矿试样经磷酸分解,锰进入溶液,加入磷酸氢二钠缓冲溶液控制酸度,在硝酸银存在下,加入过硫酸铵将低价锰氧化为高价锰,加热煮沸破坏过量的过硫酸铵,用标准硫酸亚铁铵溶液滴定样品中的锰量。笔者就溶液酸度、过硫酸铵用量、去除过硫酸铵的煮沸时间、基体元素和杂质元素的影响等进行详细研究探讨,确定了最佳测定条件。实验表明本方法结果准确,精确度高,测定范围为2%～50%。     

红土镍矿处理工艺的现状及发展方向

介绍了电炉法、鼓风炉法、烧结-高炉还原等火法和氨浸、加压酸浸、常压酸浸等湿法处理红土镍矿的主要工艺特点及其现状,结合红土镍矿的性质及其分布特点分析了几种常用处理方法的优势与不足,探讨了未来处理红土镍矿的工艺发展方向.     

富氧顶吹镍熔炼炉余热锅炉的研究与开发

针对富氧顶吹浸没喷枪熔池熔炼技术首次应用于大规模镍冶炼工业化生产,研发成功了世界上首台富氧顶吹镍熔炼炉余热锅炉,该余热锅炉是目前世界上蒸发量最大的有色冶金炉余热锅炉。介绍了富氧顶吹镍熔炼炉余热锅炉的性能参数、结构特点、创新性、先进性、运行情况和运行效益,指出了其在余热回收领域的重要意义和应用前景。     

甲基蓝褪色阻抑动力学光度法测定痕量镍

在HCl介质中及65 ℃加热条件下, 痕量NiⅡ 对溴酸钾氧化甲基蓝褪色的反应具有灵敏的阻抑作用。研究了最佳实验条件,建立了阻抑动力学光度法测定痕量NiⅡ的新光度分析方法。在602 nm处,非阻抑反应吸光度（A0）与阻抑反应的吸光度（A）的差值ΔA与NiⅡ的质量浓度ρ在0.10~1.50 μg/25 mL范围内呈良好的线性关系。检出限为2.44×10-10 g/mL。测定了动力学参数,NiⅡ为一级反应,总反应为准一级反应。反应表观速率常数为3.750×10-4 /s,表观活化能为47.19 kJ/mol。该方法用于含钒生铁和低合金钢中痕量NiⅡ的测定,测定值与推荐值一致,回收率为98%～102％。     

大型回转窑滚圈结构和应力分析

本文概括了红土镍矿回转窑技术的发展,对其关键件滚圈进行分析,通过对滚圈结构优缺点的比较,及应力结果的分析提出了见解,对大型回转窑滚圈的设计提供了依据。     

盐水中SO42-含量和NaCl饱和度的关系

分析了盐水中SO4^2-含量对NaCl饱和度的影响，从理论上论证了二者的数据关系，并介绍了SO4^2-的脱除方法。     

Keratanase II-catalyzed synthesis of keratan sulfate oligomers by using sugar oxazolines as transition-state analogue substrate monomers: a novel insight into the enzymatic catalysis mechanism

Keratan sulfate (KS) oligomers with well-defined structures were synthesized by keratanase II (KSase II)-catalyzed transglycosylation. N-Acetyllactosamine [Galbeta(1-->4)GlcNAc; LacNAc] oxazoline derivatives with sulfate groups at the C-6 (1 a) and both the C-6 and the C-6' (1 b) were prepared as transition-state analogue substrate monomers for KSase II. Monomer 1 a was effectively oligomerized by the enzyme under weak alkaline conditions, to give alternating 6-sulfated KS oligomers (2 a) in good yields, and with total control of regioselectivity and stereochemistry. KSase II also recognized 1 b, which provided fully 6-sulfated KS oligomers (2 b) in good yields under similar conditions. Nonsulfated LacNAc oxazoline was difficult to oligomerize enzymatically. These results imply that the catalysis mechanism of KSase II involves a sugar oxazolinium ion that requires the 6-sulfate group in the GlcNAc residue not only in hydrolysis of KS chains, but also in oligomerization of oxazoline monomers. This is the first report of KSase II-catalyzed transglycosylation to form beta(1-->3)-glycosidic bond through a substrate-assisted mechanism.     

电镀铬镍混合废水的絮凝处理

采用化学絮凝法对电镀含铬、镍废水进行了处理,确定了复合絮凝剂的种类和最佳配比,选择了最佳工艺条件,pH=8.70,搅拌t为30min,絮凝沉积t为12h,并对处理前后铬镍废水的质量浓度进行了检测。结果表明,铬的去除率为99.93%,镍的去除率为99.95%,处理后的废水中铬质量浓度降至0.12mg/L,镍质量浓度降至0.26mg/L,符合国家允许的排放标准,可作为电镀车间的循环用水。     

Aqueous and nonaqueous microemulsion systems with a palm oil-base emollient

Microemulsions with a palm oil-based emollient, i.e., medium-chain triglyceride (MCT), and water or glycerol, stabilized by two oppositely charged ionic surfactants and a medium-chain alcohol, were investigated. The results showed that only the water-in-MCT or the glycerol-in-MCT microemulsions were prominent. The maximum solubilization of the MCT emollient was higher in cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide, i.e., the positively charged surfactant that contained a nitrogen atom, than the negatively charged surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate. However, the results did not lend themselves for selecting any decisive factor that would explain the different solubilization behavior encountered in the investigated aqueous and nonaqueous systems.     

Nickel-Catalyzed Reductive Coupling of Vinyl Triflates and 1,4-Dicyanobenzene to Access Alkenyl Nitriles

We report a vinyl cyanation reaction of vinyl triflates and readily available 1,4-dicyanobenzene through a nickel-catalyzed reductive coupling process. The reaction is operated under mild conditions with remarkable functional-group compatibility. Cyclic vinyl triflates with various ring sizes and substituents at different positions all reacted smoothly. The synthetic utility is demonstrated by the derivatization of pharmaceutical and natural compounds, a scale-up synthesis, and various functional group transformations. Preliminary mechanistic studies demonstrate that vinyl triflates are more reactive than 1,4-dicyanobenzene towards the oxidative addition to nickel catalyst.