钢渣沥青混凝土技术及其应用研究进展

钢渣常被当成工业废弃物处置,但其碱性强、棱角丰富,兼具有优异的力学特性,可以改善沥青混凝土的抗水损害、抗高温变形以及耐磨和抗滑等性能,被认为是可替代天然矿质集料的理想筑路材料。近年来道路建设对集料用量的高需求与天然集料短缺之间的矛盾越来越突出,钢渣沥青混凝土技术因而成为备受关注的热点。概述了钢渣的材料特性以及钢渣沥青混凝土的设计与性能,介绍了钢渣沥青混凝土的实际应用情况,研究了钢渣沥青混凝土长期应用后的路面性能变化,最后对钢渣沥青混凝土未来的发展趋势进行了展望。     

Evaluation of rutting potential for asphalt concrete mixes containing copper slag

Copper slag (CS) is a by-product of the copper extraction process, which can be used as coarse and/or fine aggregate in hot mix asphalt (HMA) pavements. This study used CS as a replacement of the fine aggregate with a percentage of up to 40% by total aggregate weight. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of CS on the rutting potential of the asphalt concrete mix using two methods. One method is based on the Dynamic modulus |E*| testing result. Actual pavement temperature data from a test section were used with the developed |E*| master curves. EverStressFE finite element program was used to perform a linear elastic load-deformation analysis for a pavement section and to determine the vertical resilient strain in a 40-mm HMA surface layer. The M-E PDG permanent deformation model was used with and Excel Visual Basic for Applications code to predict the accumulated rutting for different CS mixes for 10 million ESALs. The other method used the data from the flow number (FN) test. Based on the |E*| approach, the results indicated that adding 5% CS in the mix increased the predicted rutting from 0.59 to 0.98 mm at 10 million ESALs (increase by 68%). When 40% CS was used, rutting increased by more than 700% compared with the control mix. After analysing the FN results with the Francken model, the results indicated a decrease in FN as CS content is increased, indicating higher rutting potential. The decrease in FN ranged from 9% for 5% CS to 95% for 40% CS. The mixes containing up to 10% CS satisfied the minimum FN criteria for rutting. A calibration process for the M-E PDG distress prediction models that allows the use of waste and by-product materials such as CS should be considered in the future.     

一次风反切系统的数值模拟和多相流动特性分析

四角切圆燃烧锅炉,存在着稳燃和结渣的矛盾,一次风微反切技术已在多台锅炉上得到应用,较好地解决了这对矛盾并能在一定程度上降低ＮＯｘ的排放量。本文把湍流理论和多相流动理论应用于炉内空气动力场的计算机数值模拟,用投影法编制的计算软件对６００ＭＷ锅炉炉内流动进行了计算,得出了一次风反切系统中炉内速度场、实际切圆、颗粒运动轨迹等结果,与冷炉和冷模试验基本吻合,对一次风反切系统的设计和调试具有参考价值。     

渣处理自动控制故障分析与措施

介绍高炉INBA法渣处理工作原理和转鼓自动控制故障和自动控制故障的方法,以及INBA自动控制改造措施与故障的解决方法。     

矿渣粉磨控制系统的设计与实现

根据矿渣粉磨生产工艺特点,设计开发了矿渣粉磨生产集散控制系统,完成了软、硬件系统设计与组态,实现了对生产过程的集中管理和设备的分散控制.现场实际运行证明了该套控制系统的可靠性和有效性.     

Effect of shrinkage-reducing admixtures on the properties of alkali-activated slag mortars and pastes

The effect of a shrinkage-reducing admixture (SRA) based on polypropylenglycol on the dimensional stability of waterglass-activated slag mortars was studied. The analysis also showed the effect of the admixture on pore structure of the mortars as well as on the mineralogical composition and microstructure of the alkali-activated slag pastes.The SRA reduced the shrinkage by up to 85 and 50% when the alkali-activated slag mortar specimens were cured at relative humidities of 99 and 50%, respectively. The mechanism primarily involved in shrinkage reduction is the decrease in the surface tension of pore water prompted by the admixture. The SRA also modified the pore structure - under both curing conditions - increasing the percentage of pores with diameters ranging from 1.0 to 0.1 μm. Capillary stress is much lower in these pores than in the smaller capillaries prevailing in mortars prepared without admixtures.Microstructurally, the SRA occasioned a slight increase in the proportion of Si units Q² in the CSH gel and a decrease in the percentage of Al replacing the Si in the gel structure. The admixture did not, however, modify the mineralogical composition of the pastes.Finally, the SRA admixture retarded the alkaline activation of the slag, more intensely at higher admixture dosages. While the admixture did not significantly alter the degree of reaction in pastes cured for 7 days at RH = 99%, the value of this parameter dropped by 7% in the presence of the admixture in pastes cured at 50% relative humidity.     

电石渣综合利用生产砌块

介绍了江苏徐州北方氯碱集团有限公司采用电石法PVC生产过程中产生的电石渣废弃物生产建筑用砌块的工艺路线,分析了这种砌块的特性及发展前景。     

化学工业固体废物毒性分析研究

介绍了对硫酸烧渣和磷石膏两种固体废物进行急性毒性和浸出毒性鉴别试验的过程与结果,并对磷石膏由危险废物转变为非危险废物的原因进行了探讨,为硫酸烧渣和磷石膏的处置和利用提供了依据.     

中长管棚在隧洞特大塌方处理中的应用

针对甘肃舟曲喜儿沟电站引水洞特大塌方事故中塌方量大、塌腔高、塌渣呈松散块状、地下水丰富的实际情况,采用了＂中长管棚超前支护、注浆加固胶结塌方岩渣、开挖结合使用小导管＂的施工方法,取得了成功,可供同类工程借鉴。     

干旱地区施工弃渣生态修复工程探究

在西部干旱地区工程项目建设过程中,大规模的开挖、修路等施工会产生大量的弃渣,不仅加剧水土流失,而且造成一系列的生态问题。通过对弃渣状况进行研究,阐述生态修复的工程措施,为干旱地区工程建设项目的弃渣治理提供一定的借鉴意义。