局部降温系统在深井掘进中的应用

针对热害矿井井下热环境参数和煤岩温度,分析了矿井热害形成原因。根据矿井具体条件提出了适合济宁三号煤矿的掘进工作面热害治理方案。利用局部降温系统制取低温冷水,降低风流温度,介绍了系统工作原理、布置流程及其运行情况,并对深井降温效果进行了分析。结果表明,掘进迎头温度降低5～7℃,掘进巷道最高温度控制在30℃。局部降温系统可以有效缓解局部地点热害状况,改善井下作业环境。     

代谢组学在肝肾损伤研究中的应用

代谢组学是近年来新发展起来的一门组学,已成为生物医学研究领域的新热点。由于其广泛的应用前景,目前已是系统生物学的重要组成部分。肝损伤及肾损伤是临床常见的危害人类健康的疾病,但目前的指标缺乏特异性,且灵敏度不高,造成临床上难以对肝肾损伤做出准确而及时的预警和监测。代谢组学能从代谢的角度整体分析疾病,快速、安全地对疾病的严重程度进行判别,在肝肾损伤的早期诊断等方面的研究已初显优势。本文主要综述了代谢组学技术在肝肾损伤研究中的应用现状。     

贮前热水处理对‘红阳’猕猴桃果实冷害的影响

以‘红阳’猕猴桃果实为试材,研究贮前3 种不同温度（（35±1）、（45±1）、（55±1） ℃）热水
处理10 min对‘红阳’猕猴桃果实冷害的影响。结果表明：（35±1） ℃和（45±1） ℃处理可以有效地降低‘红
阳’猕猴桃果实冷害率和冷害指数,显著减少膜脂过氧化产物丙二醛的积累和抑制相对细胞膜透性的增加,有效
地抑制果实呼吸速率和乙烯释放速率,保持较高的过氧化物酶活性,降低多酚氧化酶活性,并在贮藏末期保持较好
的果实品质。（55±1） ℃热水处理加重了‘红阳’猕猴桃果实的冷害,并产生了与前两个热水处理相反的生理效
应。3 种不同温度热水处理中,（45±1）℃热处理10 min对控制‘红阳’猕猴桃果实冷害的效果最显著。     

芒果采后冷害发生及控制技术研究进展

本文总结了芒果采后冷害发生的特征、条件以及生理生化机制方面的研究进展,介绍了芒果采后抗冷机理及冷害控制技术的发展现状。芒果采后冷害发生率先从果皮开始,伴随着细胞膜透性上升、活性氧代谢能力下降、乙烯合成受损以及能量代谢失调等一系列生理变化。芒果采后冷害的控制技术主要分为冷激、热激和间歇升温等物理方法和采用多胺、有机酸、小分子信号物质、植物生长调节剂等物质处理的化学方法。     

珠子参总皂苷对大鼠心肌缺血/再灌注损伤的保护作用及机制研究

目的: 研究珠子参总皂苷预处理对大鼠心肌缺血再灌注损伤(Myocardium ischemia/Reperfusion injury, MI/RI)的保护作用及可能的作用机制。方法: 实验大鼠随机分为假手术组、缺血/再灌注模型组、珠子参总皂苷100 和 200 mg/kg 组。治疗组各组大鼠分别给予相应的药物,给药 7 d 后,行冠状动脉结扎术,结扎 30 min 后,再灌注 24 h。记录再灌注后 30 min 内心律失常发生情况,24 h 后进行血流动力学测定,然后取血进行乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、肌酸激酶(CK)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、丙二醛(MDA)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)含量分析;心脏经TTC染色和HE染色,计算心肌梗死面积和心肌组织形态学观察。实时定量PCR检测SOD/GPX/CAT反应系统SOD1~SOD3、GPX1和CAT基因表达,Western blot检测细胞质和细胞核Nrf2蛋白表达。结果: 珠子参总皂苷(100、200 mg/kg)可显著降低心律失常发生率(P<0.01),能明显改善心功能,降低血液中CK、LDH含量和MDA水平,增加SOD、GSH-Px、CAT酶的活性;减轻ROS所致心肌氧化应激损伤,降低心肌梗死面积(P<0.05,P<0.01)和改善心脏组织形态学;上调SOD/GPX/CAT反应系统基因表达水平和促进Nrf2核移位,增加心肌细胞核内Nrf2的表达水平(P<0.01)。结论: 珠子参总皂苷对MI/RI具有较好的保护作用,激活Nrf2抗氧化途径和抗脂质过氧化可能是其作用机制之一。     

Concussion/Mild Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) Induces Brain Insulin Resistance: A Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Scanning Study

Brain injury/concussion is a growing epidemic throughout the world. Although evidence supports association between traumatic brain injury (TBI) and disturbance in brain glucose metabolism, the underlying molecular mechanisms are not well established. Previously, we reported the release of cellular prion protein (PrPc) from the brain to circulation following TBI. The PrPc level was also found to be decreased in insulin-resistant rat brains. In the present study, we investigated the molecular link between PrPc and brain insulin resistance in a single and repeated mild TBI-induced mouse model. Mild TBI was induced in mice by dropping a weight (~95 g at 1 m high) on the right side of the head. The procedure was performed once and thrice (once daily) for single (SI) and repeated induction (RI), respectively. Micro PET/CT imaging revealed that RI mice showed significant reduction in cortical, hippocampal and cerebellum glucose uptake compared to SI and control. Mice that received RI also showed significant motor and cognitive deficits. In co-immunoprecipitation, the interaction between PrPc, flotillin and Cbl-associated protein (CAP) observed in the control mice brains was disrupted by RI. Lipid raft isolation showed decreased levels of PrPc, flotillin and CAP in the RI mice brains. Based on observation, it is clear that PrPc has an interaction with CAP and the dislodgment of PrPc from cell membranes may lead to brain insulin resistance in a mild TBI mouse model. The present study generated a new insight into the pathogenesis of brain injury, which may result in the development of novel therapy.     

钝顶螺旋藻的体内抗氧化和护肝作用

探索了钝顶螺旋藻对D-氨基半乳糖(D-GalN)所致急性肝损伤的防护作用和体内抗氧化效果.ICR系小鼠在饲喂一周AIN-93~G标准饲料或含质量分数5 %钝顶螺旋藻粉末的实验饲料后,第七天腹部注射D-GalN(300 mg/kg)建立急性肝损伤模型.血清谷草转氨酶(GOT)和谷丙转氨酶(GPT)活性、肝组织丙二醛(MDA)、还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)以及维生素C水平在6 h后通过专用试剂盒或TBARS、DTNB和DNPH法分别测定.D-GalN处理显著提高血清GOT和GPT活性以及肝MDA水平,并显著降低了肝GSH和维生素C含量,而饲喂含螺旋藻饲料能够显著地抑制这些变化.研究结果表明:钝项螺旋藻具有显著的体内抗氧化效果,对D-GalN所致肝损伤具有很好的防护作用.     

安全生产技术在高炉炉前操作中的具体应用

通过对高炉炉前环境状况、劳动条件及操作工艺的分析,阐述了炉前潜在的各类安全隐患产生的原因。设计和生产技术两个方面,重点分析预防炉前事故的技术措施。     

A study on the influence of the seat and head restraint foam stiffnesses on neck injury in low speed offset rear impacts

Soft tissue neck injury (STNI) is thought to be related to automotive seat characteristics, and it is important to know how the stiffness of the seatback and head restraint foam affect the occupant’s motions in low speed rear impacts. The combined MADYMO(MAthematical DYnamic MOdel, TNO) 50th percentile facet male human body model with a detailed neck model was selected for this analysis. In order to determine the relationship between the occupant’s motions and seatback and head restraint foam stiffnesses, 40% offset rear impact simulations were performed by changing the stiffness of seatback and head restraint. Simulated results show that the maximum acceleration of head and trunk would tend to increase with those stiffnesses. Increased stiffness of the seatback and head restraint resulted in increased ligament and disc forces. On the other hand a proper combination of seatback and head restraint stiffness can reduce a possible neck injury. It is clear that an appropriate combination of stiffnesses between seatback and head restraint allows to minimize a neck injury.     

ABAQUS钢筋混凝土有限元分析

介绍了混凝土损伤塑性模型的原理、钢筋和混凝土材料的塑性计算过程、混凝土损伤因子的定义及计算,通过对一根钢筋混凝土悬臂粱进行了有限元分析,对比了理论计算和有限元计算的差异,探讨了粘性系数和混凝土损伤对计算结果的影响等问题,为进一步利甩ABAQUs对钢筋混凝土进行有限元分析提供了参考.