水性聚氨酯材料配方设计技巧

介绍了优选法的0.618法和分数法,对其进行改进创新和原理证明,并应用于生产涂料配方设计中。     

Adhesion Mechanisms of Polyurethanes to Glass Surfaces I. Structure-Property Relationships in Polyurethanes and Their Effects on Adhesion to Glass

Polyurethanes were prepared from toluene diisocyanate (TDI), 1-4-butane diol (BDO) and polycaprolactone-based triols with varying molecular weights. Among each molecular weight triol-based urethane, hard segment content was varied from 20% to 70%. Differential scanning calorimetry, tensile testing, and Iosipescu shear testing were done on all the various urethanes prepared. Thermal characterization data revealed the dependence of phase separation on hard segment content as well as on the triol molecular weight. Tensile data and Iosipescu shear data further confirmed the observations made from the DSC data. The data further indicated that phase separation can greatly improve the modulus of cross-linked segmented urethanes. Adhesion of these urethanes to glass surface was evaluated using soda-lime float glass plate. Urethane samples were cast on the air side of the glass plates and adhesion was measured in shear mode. Adhesion data indicated that in addition to hard segment content, modulus, cross-link density, and molecular weight of the triols, phase separation seems to be a major factor in controlling adhesion. Surfaces of the failed adhesion samples were also analyzed and the failure mode was found to be cohesive, in varying degree, with the different urethane systems.     

软段含离子基团的阴离子型水性聚氨酯胶粘剂的研究(Ⅱ)——硬段结构的影响

以含有不同离子基团的聚酯多元醇为软段,采用丙酮法合成了一系列水性聚氨酯乳液。研究了不同硬段结构和硬段含量和扩链剂对其干膜物理机械性能和吸水率的影响。     

有机硅氧烷改性水性聚氨酯的合成

采用有机硅氧烷单体与聚醚、二羟甲基丙酸（DMPA）和甲苯二异氰酸酯（TDI）反应制备水性聚氨酯涂料。研究结果表明采用后添加有机硅氧烷单体的合成工艺，可制备贮存稳定好的水性聚氨酯乳液；凝胶渗透色谱（GPC）分析表明有机硅氧烷改性水性聚氨酯提高了聚氨酯的相对分子质量；性能测试表明有机硅氧烷改性水性聚氨酯涂料具有明显的优点：涂膜硬度高，耐沾污性、耐水性好和耐溶剂性好。     

Synthesis and characterization of maltose fatty acid monoesters as biosurfactants

Maltose long-chain fatty acid esters (MFAE), esterified at the 6 and 6′ position, were synthesized with stearic, palmitic, myristic, and oleic groups. Synthesis yields were 15–20% based on initial maltose present, and structural confirmation was obtained using plasma desorption mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. These surfactants have surface tensions in the range of 34–36 dyn/cm at their critical micelle concentrations (CMC) of approximately 10⁻⁵–10⁻⁶ mol/L. The increased chain lengths have a marked effect, reducing CMC values for MFAE by approximately three orders of magnitude over similar carbohydrate-based dodecyl chain sources. Within chain lengths between 14 and 18 carbons, the rate of change in CMC is significant and decreases with increasing chain length for MFAE. The melting points of MFAE are approximately 40°C, and the heat capacities range from 1.6 to 1.9 J/g·K. These numbers are comparable to those of sucrose esters, indicating their applicability in similar uses. However, because MFAE, unlike sucrose, possess an anomeric carbohydrate carbon position, these surfactants maintain their reducing nature and are susceptible to further derivatization. They are also synthesized from renewable, economical carbohydrates and lipids and may provide an excellent alternative to pertrochemical-derived products.     

A new core–shell type fluorinated acrylic and siliconated polyurethane hybrid emulsion

A novel core–shell type fluorinated acrylic and siliconated polyurethane (FSiPUA) hybrid emulsion was prepared by seeded emulsion polymerization using siliconated polyurethane (SiPU) as a seed and forming the structure with SiPU as a shell and the copolymer of butyl acrylate (BA) with 2,2,2-trifluoroethylmethacrylate (TFEMA) as a core. SiPU was synthesized using isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), polytetramethylene ether glycol (PTMG), polypropylene glycol (PPG), dihydroxybutyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), dimethylol propionic acid (DMPA), 1,6-hexanediol (HDO) and triethylamine (TEA). The contents of siloxane and fluorine were determined according to the feed ratio. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was used to identify the chain structure of SiPU and FSiPUA. Investigation of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) confirmed the core–shell structure of FSiPUA emulsion and gave the particle size at about 50 nm. The measurement results of water contact angles and the solvent absorptions in water and n-octane for cured films showed that the water and the oil repellency for FSiPUA had been improved significantly with a suitable content of fluorine and siloxane.     

高柔韧性聚氨酯丙烯酸酯的合成及应用

选用不同结构的多元醇作骨架，合成一系列高性能的聚氨酯丙烯酸树脂，并通过对聚氨酯丙烯酸树脂性能的对比研究，发现以聚丁二烯二元醇为骨架的聚氨酯丙烯酸酯树脂具有极佳的柔韧性和优异的低温耐曲折性。     

1，4-环己烷二甲酸

介绍了1,4-环己烷二甲酸的物化性质、性能特点及应用,并综述了其专利制备技术的研究进展。     

氟化改性丙烯酸树脂的合成及在飞机蒙皮涂料中的应用

合成了氟化改性羟基丙烯酸树脂,用HDI三聚体为固化剂,配制双组分聚氨酯丙烯酸飞机面漆,介绍了配方设计、性能检测及其在飞机上的使用效果。