柴油发电机组非线性H2/H∞综合控制器

独立电力系统的稳定性主要取决于柴油发电机组的转速和电压响应特性.柴油发电机组控制系统是一个非线性控制系统,转速和电压相互作用,对二者进行综合控制非常必要.为了分析系统的动态特性,首先建立柴油发电机组的非线性数学模型,然后以此为基础设计非线性H2/H∞综合控制器.将直接反馈线性化和混合H2/H∞控制理论相结合应用于柴油发...     

一类非线性不确定系统的高阶积分自适应滑模控制

为有效改善传统积分滑模在一类非线性不确定系统的应用中存在的抖振问题,结合有限时间收敛理论、高阶积分滑模理论和自适应控制理论,提出了一种高阶积分自适应滑模控制方法;该方法通过选取有限时间收敛反馈量和设计高阶积分滑模面,不仅确保了系统状态误差在有限时间内的收敛性,而且还保证了系统具备对不确定性干扰的抑制能力;同时,当系统的不确定项的边界范围无法预先确定时,采用自适应方法对滑模控制的趋近速率进行估计;仿真结果表明所提方法能够有效抑制非线性不确定系统的抖动,并具有较高的控制精度.     

Determination of model order for NARX models directly from input-output data

Nonlinear auto-regressive models with exogenous inputs (NARX models) have proved to be versatile and useful empirical models for industrial processes. There are a wide variety of identification methods and model structures from which to choose; in all methods, however, key parameters are the model orders, which are the number of past outputs and inputs used in the model. In this paper the methods of Lipschitz numbers and false nearest neighbors are evaluated as a means of estimating the model orders of dynamic, discrete-time NARX models. No specific model structure is assumed and the model orders are estimated directly from input-output data using only geometric concerns and the continuity property. The two methods are applied to several dynamic systems, including realistic process simulations and experimental data from the UCSB pH neutralization process, and the consistency and accuracy of these methods are examined. The usefulness of these methods of model order determination for radial basis function network (RBFN) identification is examined.     

一种自调节灰色预测PID控制器

为提高传统PID控制的性能及扩大其适用范围,提出一种结合传统PID控制、灰色预测和全程快速非线性跟踪．微分器的自调节灰色预测PID控制器。利用灰色预测对系统的输出偏差和预测偏差进行合成形成一个综合偏差,用来代替传统PID控制中的实际偏差项。这样控制器既有预测系统未来行为的功能,又能根据预测模型精度自动调节控制器参数,能有效减小预测误差对系统的不利影响。同时用非线性跟踪．微分器代替差分法来提取微分信号,提高了微分信号的品质。仿真结果表明,与传统PID控制器相比,该控制器可获得更为优良的动态性能。     

非线性仿射控制系统的C0镇定性

通过Lyapunov函数设计反馈控制器使得非线性仿射控制系统全局渐进稳定是一种有效的方法．为了使得反馈控制器具有连续性,Sontag提出控制Lyapunov函数应具有小控制性,即要求在原点连续反馈控制器存在,该条件在实际中无法应用．针对这一问题本文提出了聚点条件来保证反馈控制器具有连续性,该条件直接对选择的控制Lyapunov函数进行检验,并且聚点条件还是必要的;文章将控制Lyapunov函数的严格不等式放宽为非严格的不等式,提出非严格控制Lyapunov函数,利用LaSalle定理得到：采用满足聚点条件的非严格控制Lyapunov函数来设计连续反馈控制器,非线性仿射控制系统是全局渐进稳定,扩大了控制Lyapunov函数的寻找范围：最后通过对一种带摩擦的弹簧系统进行验证．     

基于图像引导滤波的人脸光照预处理算法

针对人脸识别中人脸图像光照预处理的问题,提出一种基于图像引导滤波的人脸光照预处理算法。根据自定义光照标准函数对引导图像和输入图像进行分类,经指数或对数非线性变换调整后进行直方图均衡化处理。采用图像引导滤波对图像细节进行增强,使变换后的图像更清晰。利用空域高通滤波来抑制局部锐化现象。在YaleB人脸数据库上进行验证,结果表明,该算法在识别性能上明显优于经典的主成分分析法,识别率可以提高2%~8%。     

一类非线性系统的广义预测控制研究

针对一类难以线性化的单输入单输出非线性离散系统,就其实际输出信号跟踪参考输出信号的控制问题,研究了它的广义预测控制律设计方法。在系统数学模型非线性项的系数多项式满足一定条件的情况下,通过适当的数学处理,使问题的本质归结为求解线性差分系统的一组Diophantine方程,从而解出了非线性系统广义预测控制律表达式中的各个系数多项式,并给出了广义预测控制律的具体解析形式。通过仿真实例验证了所提出设计方法的正确性和有效性。     

Novel way to research nonlinear feedback shift register

In this paper,we regard the nonlinear feedback shift register（NLFSR） as a special Boolean network,and use semi-tensor product of matrices and matrix expression of logic to convert the dynamic equations of NLFSR into an equivalent algebraic equation. Based on them,we propose some novel and generalized techniques to study NLFSR. First,a general method is presented to solve an open problem of how to obtain the properties（the number of fixed points and the cycles with different lengths） of the state sequences produced by a given NLFSR,i.e.,the analysis of a given NLFSR. We then show how to construct all 2^2^n-（l-n）/2^2^n-lshortest n-stage feedback shift registers（nFSR） and at least 2^2^n-（l-n）-1/2^2^n-l-1shortest n-stage nonlinear feedback shift registers（nNLFSR） which can output a given nonperiodic/periodic sequence with length l. Besides,we propose two novel cycles joining algorithms for the construction of full-length nNLFSR. Finally,two algorithms are presented to construct 2^2^n-2-1different full-length nNLFSRs,respectively.     

金属铀表面氧化动力学的X射线衍射研究

利用X射线衍射和Rietveld方法研究室温～150℃和300℃下金属铀表面氧化，对氧化过程中试样的表面结构以及氧化动力学进行分析。将试样表面氧化物随时间的变化作定量计算，绘制出不同温度下金属铀表面的氧化动力学曲线，对50～150℃范围内的氧化动力学数据进行拟合，获得不同温度下的氧化反应速率常数，由此得到大气环境下金属铀表面形成UO₂的活化能为46.0kJ/mol。在300℃下，氧化产物U₃O₈逐渐在UO₂上形成，其形成过程符合成核生长机理。     

Use of Sobol's Quasirandom Sequence Generator for Integration of Modified Uncertainty Importance Measure

Sensitivity analysis of model output is relevant to a number of practices, including verification of models and computer code quality assurance. It deals with the identification of influential model parameters, especially in complex models implemented in computer programs with many uncertain input variables. In a recent article a new method for sensitivity analysis, named HIM* based on a rank transformation of the uncertainty importance measure suggested by Hora and Iman was proved very powerful for performing automated sensitivity analysis of model output, even in presence of model non-monotonicity. The same was not true of other widely used non-parametric techniques such as standardized rank regression coefficients. A drawback of the HIM* method was the large dimension of the stochastic sample needed for its estimation, which made HIM* impracticable for systems with large number of uncertain parameters. In the present note a more effective sampling algorithm, based on Sobol's quasirandom generator is coupled with HIM*, thereby greatly reducing the sample size needed for an effective identification of influential variables. The performances of the new technique are investigated for two different benchmarks.