Monodisperse droplet formation through a continuous jet break‐up using glass nozzles operated with piezoelectric pulsation

In this article, a glass nozzle driven by piezoceramics is used to experimentally study the continuous generation of a stream of monodisperse droplets from the breakup of a liquid jet. The approach is demonstrated by examining the breakup dynamics of three distinct liquids. The droplet formation process has been found to be highly controllable and reproducible. The dependence of nozzle performance on liquid properties, flow rate, and disturbance frequency has been investigated. The ratio between the actual disturbance frequency and Reynolds number, ω, is employed at first to represent the operating range that facilitates monodisperse droplet formation. Then, the dimensionless quantity ω*, obtained by multiplying ω by the viscous characteristic time, r/(μ/ρ), has been shown to collapse the data for the lower and higher bounds of the actual disturbance frequency ranges that secure monodispersity of the droplets of all the samples tested. The impacts of liquid flow rate and disturbance frequency on the monodisperse droplet size and spacing between two neighboring droplets have been investigated and discussed. © 2010 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2011     

Impingement Drying of Paper

ABSTRACT

The complete drying history of paper dried under an array of multiple round jets of air was determined. The drying rate – paper moisture content relations, determined as a continuous function by on–line measurements for about 80 sheets, permitted examination of the following parameters: basis weight 20 to 50 g/m2, which covers the tissue to communication paper range; initial moisture content 1.5 to 3 kg water/kg fibre; nozzle to paper spacing of 5, 7.6 & 8.5 nozzle diameters: nozzle plate open area ratio from 1.4 to 3.1%; jet Reynolds number in the range of 450 to 11.100.

Three methods of quantifying the complete drying rate curves were tested. Use of the common assumption of drying rate linear with moisture content over the falling rate period gave inadequate representation. Secondly, the general method of Churchill for any transport process that has a transition between two asymptotic relations was applied for the fmt time to the drymg of paper. This approach gives     

轴承清洗机改进

原轴承清洗机由于喷头数量和压力不足,造成轴承零件清洁度达不到要求。针对该问题,对该清洗机结构进行了改进,更换了大功率高速电机,增加了喷头数量和压力,使清洗后的轴承零件清洁度达到了要求。     

新型(多喷嘴对置)水煤浆气化炉的开发

通过大型冷模和小型热模试验开发新型（多喷嘴对置）水煤浆气化炉,介绍了中试结果及其与德士古水煤浆气化技术的比较,并阐述了新型水煤浆气化炉的技术优势,结果表明,多喷嘴对置气化技术优于引进的德士古技术。     

锭坯双喷嘴扫描喷射成形雾化锥沉积轨迹及其耦合研究

双喷嘴扫描喷射成形是提高生产效率和制备大直径锭坯的主要工艺方式.研究了双喷嘴扫描喷射成形工艺雾化锥扫描沉积轨迹及其耦合产生条件.建立了雾化锥沉积轨迹坐标及扫描沉积区域数学模型,分析了工艺参数对沉积轨迹的影响规律,从理论上推导了沉积轨迹耦合条件.对沉积轨迹模型和耦合特性进行了图形仿真.研究表明:沉积轨迹呈"花瓣"形状,由喷嘴偏心距、初始倾斜角、扫描范围角、喷射高度、扫描频率、沉积盘旋转速度确定.通过喷射成形试验对建立的理论模型和研究结论进行了验证,表明了其正确性.     

Spray forming: Science and technology

Spray forming involves sequential gas atomization of a melt into a spray of fine droplets and their deposition on a substrate to build up a high-density preform. The rapid solidification inherent in spray deposition generates refined, equiaxed and low segregation microstructures. A number of promising features of this near-net shape manufacturing process are highlighted and compared, wherever possible, with the conventional casting and PM techniques. Some commercial nozzles used to create spray and mechanisms associated with spray generation are described. The consolidation of the droplets and the development of the microstructure in the deposit are primarily governed by the nature of the spray and the thermal state of droplets on the deposition surface. Several microstructural characteristics of the deposit are presented and their origin in spray deposition is discussed.     

连铸电磁旋流水口流体流动和夹杂物行为

采用数值模拟方法对连铸电磁旋流水口内流体流动和夹杂物碰撞长大行为进行了研究.数值结果表明电磁旋流水口出口处流体流动扩张角与低熔点合金实验值相符.旋转磁场对浸入式水口内壁夹杂物沉积行为存在两个相反的作用:一方面旋转磁场作用加强了水口壁面处钢液的湍流流动,加速了夹杂物在水口内壁的沉积吸附速率;另一方面水口内壁附近夹杂物在旋转磁场产生的旋流作用下易被携带至水口中心,削弱了水口内壁对夹杂物的黏附.在上述两方面因素作用下,钢液区存在一个最佳磁感应强度可使水口内壁夹杂物沉积速率降至最低,从而减轻水口结瘤现象.

     

多喷头静电纺丝研究进展

静电纺丝是制取纳米纤维的一种简单而经济的方法。静电纺丝产量低是该项技术从实验室走向产业化生产及应用的最大的技术障碍,喷头组装则是静电纺丝另一个主要的工艺问题。介绍了多喷头静电纺丝、多喷头静电纺丝电场和多喷头静电纺丝机的研究现状,指出了多喷头静电纺丝的研究方向。     

由民用建筑锅炉房水雾喷头布置引发的思考

对《水喷雾灭火系统设计规范》中有效射程提出了不同的观点。阐述了理论计算与特性曲线之间的关系 ,论述了喷头平面布置间距及喷口与保护对象距离的直接计算方法 ,并对以建筑物为防护对象时的保护面积与喷头喷口距离的确定提出了建议 ,指出了目前国产水雾喷头特性曲线中存在的问题。呼吁行业主管部门尽快制定产品统一技术标准 ,以确保水喷雾灭火系统的安全运行