反映的规律为本构关系的变分原理

为证明经典变分原理中存在反映的规律为本构关系的变分原理,从非线性弹性动力学的基本方程出发,应用变积方法建立非线性弹性动力学Hamilton原理.再应用对合变换法、Lagrange乘子法和局部代入法,将Hamilton原理变换为本构变分原理.论证了该变分原理反映的规律为本构关系,本研究以非线性材料为例,找到了一个新的材料本构关系的获得途径,为数值建模提供了理论依据.研究结果表明,补充和完善了经典变分原理中对3类基本规律的反映,即:最小势能原理反映的规律为平衡关系、最小余能原理反映的规律为连续关系和本构变分原理反映的规律为本构关系.     

基于多素数和参数替换的改进RSA算法研究

为了提高RSA公钥算法在消息加密过程中的安全性,在深入分析传统RSA算法的基础上,对其进行一些改进性研究,提出了一种比传统RSA算法更加有效的方法优化其安全性。在将传统RSA改进为四素数RSA的基础上,再运用数学变换进行参数替换,消除了在公钥中对传输两个随机素数的乘积n的需要,引入了一个新的参数x代替原参数n。针对改进后的算法在运算效率方面的不足,采用中国剩余定理( Chinese remainder theorem,CRT)优化大数模幂运算。实验结果证实了改进算法的可行性,为通过公钥加密消息发送和接收提供了更安全的路径;同时,对改进算法与传统RSA 和四素数RSA算法的解密(签名)时间进行比较分析。实验结果表明改进后的算法对消息发送方和接收方之间签名效率也有一定程度的优化。     

型钢再生混凝土梁的抗弯性能试验研究

为了充分了解型钢再生混凝土梁的破坏特征,对4组型钢再生混凝土梁进行抗弯静载试验,了解型钢再生混凝土梁从开始加载直至破坏各个阶段的受力特点和变形特征,分析不同粗骨料取代率和钢筋配箍率对其受力性能的影响。研究表明,取代率不同对型钢再生混凝土梁的极限承载力的影响甚微,配箍率对型钢混凝土梁的裂缝间距及裂缝发展有一定影响,型钢再生混凝土梁截面基本符合平截面假定。     

高取代度羧甲基松木纤维素制备工艺优化及表征

以松木纤维素为原料,氯乙酸钠为醚化剂,采用浓碱预处理,醚化过程中两次加碱法制备高取代度羧甲基松木纤维素。以单因素实验的方法对反应条件进行优化,探讨了浓碱预处理及醚化两阶段中碱浓度、温度、处理时间、固液比及醚化剂用量各因素对产品取代度的影响。结果表明其制备最佳工艺为：浓碱预处理为NaOH质量分数40%,固液比1g∶35mL,温度30℃,时间1.5h;醚化阶段工艺为NaOH的用量2g,氯乙酸钠的用量4.3g,固液比1g∶20mL。第一阶段加入质量分数50%的碱剂和70%的氯乙酸钠,温度35℃、时间1.5h,第二阶段加入剩余的碱剂和醚化剂,温度75℃、时间2h,在此条件下制得取代度高达1.237的羧甲基松木纤维素,并采用红外光谱和XRD对产物结构进行了表征。     

基于迁移学习的电能替代节能量在线估计方法

电能替代成为能源转型发展的重要趋势和关键路径,节能量的快速准确估计有利于电能替代项目的推广。为充分利用少量电能替代项目调试期数据快速估计节能量,提出了一种基于迁移学习的单位节能量在线估计方法。首先利用回归算法对大量基期样本展开训练,获得基期能耗模型;其次,利用基于迁移学习的回归算法对大量基期样本、少量调试期样本展开训练,并通过不同的权重更新策略迭代调整基期样本、调试期样本权重,获得调试期能耗模型;最后,采用归一法获得参考条件下能耗差值,即单位节能量。针对干燥领域的电能替代进行仿真分析,证明了所提方法的有效性,并研究了迭代次数、样本数目和样本组合对所提算法预测误差的影响。     

银包铜粉的制备工艺及研究进展

介绍了银包铜粉的制备工艺及研究现状。银包铜粉的制备方法包括置换法、化学还原法、置换与化学沉积复合法及熔融雾化法。分析了常见的置换法和化学还原法制备银包铜粉时的镀液组成、沉积机制,给出了较为成熟的制备工艺。银包铜粉与贵金属粉相比有着极高的价格优势,在电子浆料中有着广阔的应用前景。     

Predicting Long‐Term Changes in Riparian Bird Communities in Floodplain Landscapes

As anthropogenic impacts on riverine ecosystems expand, both aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems are influenced over large spatiotemporal scales. We predicted how riparian bird communities changed in response to long‐term changes in floodplain landscapes such as woodland expansion (i.e. rapid increases in vegetation cover on gravel bars and the progress of vegetation succession due to a decrease in the frequency and magnitude of flood disturbance). To test the hypothesis that woodland expansion after dam construction reduces the abundance of gravel bar‐nesting birds and increases the abundance of forest‐nesting birds, we estimated historical changes between past and present bird abundances using species distribution models across multiple rivers that were either unregulated or regulated by dams. We created past and present vegetation maps from remote sensing images and used habitat quantities as explanatory variables in the species distribution models. As we hypothesized, the estimated abundance of gravel bar‐nesting birds decreased and that of forest‐nesting birds increased because of woodland expansion in some regulated rivers. This suggests that anthropogenic alterations of riverine conditions (e.g. dam construction) can affect terrestrial ecosystems (e.g. riparian bird communities) through changes in floodplains (e.g. woodland expansion). In addition, our findings highlight the efficacy of combining spatial and temporal analyses when examining long‐term ecological dynamics. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Using static suffix array in dynamic application: Case of text compression by longest first substitution

Over the last decade, enhanced suffix arrays (ESA) have replaced suffix trees in many applications. Algorithms based on ESAs require less space, while allowing the same time efficiency as those based on suffix trees. However, this is only true when a suffix structure is used as a static index. Suffix trees can be updated faster than suffix arrays, which is a clear advantage in applications that require dynamic indexing. We show that for some dynamic applications a suffix array and the derived LCP-interval tree can be used in such a way that the actual index updates are not necessary. We demonstrate this in the case of grammar text compression with longest first substitution and provide the source code. The proposed algorithm has O(N²)$O(N^2)$ worst case time complexity but runs in O(N)$O(N)$ time in practice.     

A note on the optimal pricing and production decisions with price‐driven substitution

Recently, Kim and Bell ( 2011 ) developed a revenue managemnent pricing model with price‐driven substitution. The authors considered production decisions under unlimited production capacity and investigated the impact of price‐driven substitution on a firm's pricing and production decisions. The authors modeled the consumer demands for each market segment as linear additive demand function based on exogenous variables, where demand substitution occurred as a function of price differences between the two products. In this article, we extend this work to examine the impact of a production capacity constraint on the firm's joint pricing and inventory decisions. Based on this extended model, we investigate the impact of price‐driven substitution on a firm's pricing and production decisions where there is a limit on total capacity. We show how revenue managers should adjust prices and production levels to take into account price‐driven substitution under a capacity constraint setting. Both deterministic and stochastic models are developed, and the impact of price‐driven substitution and a capacity constraint on the optimal prices, production levels, and revenues is illustrated.     

一种基于纠错编码的可逆文本水印算法

针对现有可逆文本水印抗同义词替换攻击鲁棒性不强的缺点,提出一种基于纠错编码的可逆文本水印算法。利用纠错编码方法,对同义词库中同义词的位置进行编码生成同义词词码字,结合同义词替换技术完成水印的嵌入;在提取水印时,利用纠错码的检测纠错功能完成水印的提取,同时实现同义词替换后可还原的可逆文本水印功能。仿真实验表明,算法嵌入的水印具有良好的不可见性和较强的鲁棒性。