粗壮女贞及其产品营养成分与活性成分比较

该文以粗壮女贞为研究对象,通过标准方法分别对原叶（Ligustrum robustum(Roxb.) Blume,LR）及其产品（Ligustrum robustum(Roxb.) Blume Products,LRP）中的营养成分与活性成分进行分析比较。结果表明：一般营养成分中,LR的蛋白质含量（9.23 g/100 g）远高于LRP(8.01 g/100 g),LR中灰分含量（3.90 g/100 g）较高于LRP(3.10 g/100 g),水分和粗纤维含量二者相差不大。LR和LRP中EAA/TAA分别为40.30%和43.98%,EAA/NEAA分别为67.48%和78.50%,∑n6 PUFA/∑n3 PUFA比值分别为0.13和0.12。同时,LR和LRP富含多种矿物质元素和维生素,LR中Ca含量（7 646.67 mg/kg）最高,LRP中K含量（5 576.67 mg/kg）最高,二者VE含量分别高达37.10 mg/100 g和27.50 mg/100 g。此外,LR和LRP主要活性成分为粗多糖、茶多酚、总黄酮和总皂苷,除茶多酚含量均为14.30 g/100 g以外,...     

Rewired Cellular Metabolic Profiles in Response to Metformin under Different Oxygen and Nutrient Conditions

Metformin is a metabolic disruptor, and its efficacy and effects on metabolic profiles under different oxygen and nutrient conditions remain unclear. Therefore, the present study examined the effects of metformin on cell growth, the metabolic activities and consumption of glucose, glutamine, and pyruvate, and the intracellular ratio of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD⁺) and reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) under normoxic (21% O₂) and hypoxic (1% O₂) conditions. The efficacy of metformin with nutrient removal from culture media was also investigated. The results obtained show that the efficacy of metformin was closely associated with cell types and environmental factors. Acute exposure to metformin had no effect on lactate production from glucose, glutamine, or pyruvate, whereas long-term exposure to metformin increased the consumption of glucose and pyruvate and the production of lactate in the culture media of HeLa and HaCaT cells as well as the metabolic activity of glucose. The NAD⁺/NADH ratio decreased during growth with metformin regardless of its efficacy. Furthermore, the inhibitory effects of metformin were enhanced in all cell lines following the removal of glucose or pyruvate from culture media. Collectively, the present results reveal that metformin efficacy may be regulated by oxygen conditions and nutrient availability, and indicate the potential of the metabolic switch induced by metformin as combinational therapy.     

于都黄麟-祁禄山地区土地质量地球化学评价

通过对于都县黄麟-祁禄山地区开展1:5万土地质量地球化学调查,在野外土壤样品采集和化验测试的基础上,系统地研究了影响土地质量的各项地球化学指标特征与控制因素,基本查明有益元素、重金属元素分布,划分出重点污染区和绿色土地发展区,并进行土地质量等级评价,为永久基本农田建设、土地资源开发与利用等方面提出建议。     

不同养分磷酸二铵产品生产技术开发

对采用液氨和湿法磷酸为原料,在大型磷酸二铵装置上转产不同养分的粒状磷酸二铵的生产技术进行研究,对生产2种总养分不同的产品过程控制、原料磷酸、料浆相对密度的不同控制点和存在问题进行分析,为磷酸二铵装置转产不同养分的磷酸二铵(DAP)产品提供借鉴。     

河北承德中部伊逊河红旗地区土壤生源要素空间分布格局及其影响因素

土壤生源要素的含量和空间分布特征对指导土壤肥力调控,优化土地利用具有重要意义。以承德市伊逊河红旗周边地区为例,采集不同深度和典型剖面土壤样品,综合运用描述性统计、地统计半方差函数模型和冗余分析等方法,论述了研究区土壤生源要素碳、氮、磷和钾的空间分布格局与影响因素。结果表明,研究区表层土壤TN含量平均为848.74 mg/kg,总体较为缺乏;土壤Corg平均含量为1.35%,总体属中度水平;TP和TK含量相对丰富。TN、Corg、TP和TK土地质量地球化学等级属较丰富以上水平的样品占比分别为7.71%、26.18%、35.08%和77.85%。深层土壤TN和TP含量显著低于表层土壤,垂向分布上TN和TP含量总体呈随深度增加而降低的趋势,TK含量呈先下降后上升的趋势。土壤TP和TK空间分异以结构性变异为主,具有强烈的空间自相关性;TN和Corg分布具有中度的自相关性,空间分布受土地利用类型控制,也受农业活动等人为因素影响;土壤TP空间分布受成土母质和矿业活动因素共同影响,土壤TK空间分布则主要受成土母质自然因素控制。     

Restoration of heavily polluted branches of the Shatt Al-Arab river, Iraq

In view of the desire to improve the water quality of the heavily polluted branches of the Shatt al-Arab River at the City of Basrah, it was proposed to maintain effective flushing as well as contracting sewerage system. The present study was conducted in order to examine the water quality of these branches in an attempt to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed flushing system. It has been found that their waters contained very low levels of dissolved oxygen and relatively high amounts of both COD and BOD₅. The annual average water quality parameters for Basrah Branches were: dissolved oxygen 3.4 ppm; pH 7.67; hydrogen sulphide 1.4 ppm; ammonia 97 μg-at. N l⁻¹; COD 15.9 mg l⁻¹; BOD₅ 12.7 mg l⁻¹; dissolved silicates 202 μg-at. Si l⁻¹; dissolved reactive phosphate 13.4 μg-at. P-PO₄³⁻ l⁻¹; nitrate 10.4 μg-at. N-NO₃⁻ l⁻¹; nitrite 2.1 μg-at. N-NO₂⁻ l⁻¹ and chlorophyll-α 14.3 mg m⁻³. Based on our calculations, it has been concluded that the proposed system is effective, thus within a flushing cycle all of the above mentioned parameters will become within the acceptable values of the Shatt al-Arab water quality. Moreover, this system has no appreciable effect upon the water quality characteristics of the Shatt al-Arab River due to the fact that it discharges a high volume of water annually. However, It has been recommended to dredge the deposited sludge to a minimum depth of 50 cm.     

Carbon dioxide emission and its regulation at land–water interface downstream of a point source at Ganga River (India)

The streams and rivers are considered hotspots of CO₂ exchange; and representative direct CO₂ emission measurements are essential for a correct regional estimate. We measured CO₂ emission flux at 15 sites at land–water interface downstream of a point source during low flow for three consecutive months for the year 2017. The general range of CO₂ efflux observed here was close to the results of regional studies, although values near the point source were disproportionately high (>350 mg/m²/h). CO₂ emission flux showed strong dependence on total organic carbon (TOC; R² = 0.96; P < 0.001), (R² = 0.88; P < 0.001), soluble reactive‐P (SRP; R² = 0.91; P < 0.001) and microbial activity measured in terms of fluorescein diacetate activity (FDAase; R² = 0.92; P < 0.001) and substrate induced respiration (SIR; R² = 0.96; P < 0.001). Because point source‐associated interfaces provide heterogeneous habitats, our study suggests the need for large scale monitoring of CO₂ emission at land–water interface of major rivers for more correctly presenting the regional scale CO₂ budget.     

胜利油田沾3区块内源微生物室内模拟激活实验研究

在考察了国内外内源微生物采油技术研究情况的基础上,采用1^#～4^#激活剂配方对沾3区块注入水中微生物群落进行了选择性激活,对激活后总菌、有益菌、有害菌的数量及表面张力进行了检测,并进行了室内模拟驱油实验。实验结果表明,1^#～4^#激活剂配方能有效刺激有益菌的生长,同时对有害菌SRB实现了较为有效的抑制,压力和多孔介质对微生物的生长会产生一定的影响,多孔介质的影响较压力的影响要显著一些,KNO₃的激活效果及提高残余油采收率的效果要优于NH₄NO₃,硝酸盐含量从0.1 %到0.2 %的增加能增加有益菌的数目,但对采收率的提高作用并不明显。室内模拟驱油实验表明,在水驱基础上内源微生物驱可提高采收率达6%以上。     

Improving Dewaterability and Other Properties of Citric Acid Wastewater Treatment Sludge by Ozone and Peroxone

ABSTRACT

The efficacies of ozonation and peroxone (O₃/H₂O₂) pretreatments were compared for citric acid wastewater sludge conditioning with the objective of improving dewatering characteristics of the sludge. Treatment with 84 mg O₃/g dry solid (DS) and 12.5 mg/g DS H₂O₂ greatly enhanced the effectiveness of ozonation, providing sludge dewaterability similar to that obtained by ozonation at 250 mg O₃/g DS. Most importantly, treatment of citric acid wastewater sludge with 84 mg O₃/g DS and 12.5 mg/g DS H₂O₂ led to the preservation of the nutrient elements nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in the sludge with a minimal volatile suspended solids/total suspended solids reduction of 5.5%, which is much lower than that with ozonation at 250 mg O₃/g DS.