四氢萘催化裂化研究进展

加氢处理油中含有一定量的环烷基单环芳烃,研究四氢萘催化裂化有利于加强对更多环数环烷基单环芳烃催化裂化的认识。综述了四氢萘催化裂化过程的反应机理,认为四氢萘主要遵循单分子裂化机理;从反应活化能、扩散、吸附等动力学角度对四氢萘裂解行为进行了解释;催化剂适宜的孔径和BrØnsted酸强度有利于四氢萘开环;随着反应温度升高、剂/油质量比增大、质量空速减小,四氢萘反应活性增强,同时氢转移反应愈发明显。适宜的催化剂孔径和Brnsted酸强度、反应温度、剂/油质量比以及质量空速有利于四氢萘裂化生成低碳烯烃。     

Thermal error measurement and modelling in machine tools.: Part I. Influence of varying operating conditions

Thermal error in machine tools has been observed to be closely linked to the temperature of critical elements of the machine. It was found, in the experiments conducted herein, that there was a significant increase in the axis positioning error on account of an increase in the temperature of the machine elements due to continuous operation. However, it was also observed that the specific operating parameters of the test cycles carried out also significantly affected the positioning error. Different sets of operating parameters generated significantly different error values even though the temperature of the machine elements generated by those operating conditions was similar. As such, this observation forms a very important consideration in the development of a generic thermal error compensation system. It appears to indicate that such a system needs to be capable of evaluating the compensation depending upon the temperature values of the machine elements as well as account for the effect that different operating parameters induce upon the positioning error under the same thermal condition of the machine. This paper attempts to analyse the thermal behaviour of a three-axis vertical machining centre under the influence of various operating parameters and, through the experimental results obtained, point out and explain the effect of these parameters on the axis positioning error. This behaviour forms the basis of an improved modelling methodology that is presented separately in Part II of this paper.     

Compact difference method for solving the fractional reaction–subdiffusion equation with Neumann boundary value condition

In this paper, we derive a high-order compact finite difference scheme for solving the reaction–subdiffusion equation with Neumann boundary value condition. The L1 method is used to approximate the temporal Caputo derivative, and the compact difference operator is applied for spatial discretization. We prove that the compact finite difference method is unconditionally stable and convergent with order O(τ^2?α+h⁴) in L₂ norm, where τ, α, and h are the temporal step size, the order of time fractional derivative and the spatial step size, respectively. Finally, some numerical experiments are carried out to show the effectiveness of the proposed difference scheme.     

基于有向图的静止气象卫星故障检测模型

为解决基于卫星单个遥测值超限进行报警的方法会引起故障的误报和漏报这一问题,提出一种基于有向图的静止气象卫星故障检测模型。定义组合条件报警故障知识规则的描述方法和故障知识库,能够同时对卫星多个通道的遥测值进行综合分析与诊断,提高故障的诊断效率;基于有向图实施卫星故障的自动检测,省去关联故障的判别工作,减少冗余告警,提高故障检测的正确性。实际业务运行结果验证了该模型的可行性与有效性。     

基于混沌时间序列理论的发动机状态参数降噪研究

针对因缺乏未染噪数据而难以考查航空发动机状态参数降噪效果的问题,提出了基于混沌时间序列理论来考查其降噪效果的办法,并结合实例考查了小波、奇异谱分析和局部投影3种降噪方法对航空发动机状态参数的降噪效果.仿真结果表明,局部投影法更多地保留了发动机状态参数的混沌特性,适用于航空发动机状态参数的降噪处理.     

线性时滞系统稳定的充分必要条件

提出一个新的线性时滞系统稳定的充分必要条件,与以前的结论不同的是,我们的结论的表达形式更容易数值计算。开发相应的二种收敛算法,解决系统时滞独立稳定判断和时滞相关稳定的时滞界估计。本文给出范数有界不确定性时,系统稳定的充分条件。文末给出的数值实例证明本文结果降低计算复杂度,改进了时滞估计保守性。     

A Lyapunov‐based small‐gain approach on design of triggering conditions in event‐triggered control systems

This paper studies a Lyapunov‐based small‐gain approach on design of triggering conditions in event‐triggered control systems. The event‐triggered control closed‐loop system is formulated as a hybrid system model. Firstly, by viewing the event‐triggered control closed‐loop system as a feedback connection of two smaller hybrid subsystems, the Lyapunov‐based small‐gain theorems for hybrid systems are applied to design triggering conditions. Then, a new class of triggering condition, the safe, adjustable‐type triggering condition, is proposed to tune the parameters of triggering conditions by practical regulations. This is conducive to break the restriction of the conservation of theoretical results and improve the practicability of event‐triggered control strategy. Finally, a numerical example is given to illustrate the efficiency and the feasibility of the proposed results. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于IGHS算法的分段系统鲁棒极点配置优化

针对分段线性控制系统鲁棒极点配置问题,利用IGHS算法对特征向量矩阵条件数优化具有较好的收敛性,限制了特征向量选择的自由度.优化后的控制器使闭环系统矩阵允许有更大的摄动或不确定性.与已有方法相比,本文方法对条件数优化计算既不需要考虑梯度和二次可微信息,也不需要对条件数进行凸转化处理.最后,仿真实验结果验证了本方法的有效性.     

故障诊断专家系统在水电厂的应用

水电机组故障诊断技术是水电厂开展状态检修的基础。水电机组作为大型旋转机械,其振动可以反映机组大部分故障。专家系统是人工智能领域应用比较成熟的技术,现在故障诊断专家系统已在国内水电厂逐步推广。本文在水电机组状态监测的基础上,针对水电机组的振动故障,提出一种基于产生式规则的专家系统。它主要由知识库、推理机、数据库、人机接口等部分组成。最后,利用实际数据进行诊断和分析,并根据机组检修情况对诊断结果进行验证,证明专家诊断系统能够给检修人员提供机组故障产生的可能原因和部位,对机组检修起到一定的指导作用。