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21.
采用差示扫描量热仪研究了5种具有不同取代基的苯甲酸钠盐作为结晶成核剂对聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(HET)结晶和熔融行为的影响,并同滑石粉进行了对比。结果表明,成核剂的加入能明显改变PET的结晶和熔融行为。苯甲酸钠、对苯二甲酸甲酯单羧酸钠和对羟基苯甲酸钠提高既汀的熔融结晶温度(Tc)分别达22.93、21.7和19.37℃,但使PET降解严重;对苯酚钠甲酸钠能够提高Tc达17.75℃且对PET相对分子质量影响很小;对苯二甲酸二钠成核作用最差。低于滑石粉。此外,成核剂的成核能力越强,PET双熔融峰中的低温峰顶温度就越高。 相似文献
22.
Takeshi Kondo Sang Min Lee Michal Malicki Benoit Domercq Seth R. Marder Bernard Kippelen 《Advanced functional materials》2008,18(7):1112-1118
We report on a single‐layer organic memory device made of poly(N‐vinylcarbazole) embedded between an Al electrode and ITO modified with Ag nanodots (Ag‐NDs). Devices exhibit high ON/OFF switching ratios of 104. This level of performance could be achieved by modifying the ITO electrodes with some Ag‐NDs that act as trapping sites, reducing the current in the OFF state. Temperature dependence of the electrical characteristics suggest that the current of the low‐resistance state can be attributed to Schottky charge tunnelling through low‐resistance pathways of Al particles in the polymer layer and that the high‐resistance state can be controlled by charge trapping by the Al particles and Ag‐NDs. 相似文献
23.
Jean‐Marc Aldric Philippe Thonart 《Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (Oxford, Oxfordshire : 1986)》2008,83(10):1401-1408
BACKGROUND: In the framework of biological processes used for waste gas treatment, the impact of the inoculum size on the start‐up performance needs to be better evaluated. Moreover, only a few studies have investigated the behaviour of elimination capacity and biomass viability in a two‐phase partitioning bioreactor (TPPB) used for waste gas treatment. Lastly, the impact of ethanol as a co‐substrate remains misunderstood. RESULTS: Firstly, no benefit of inoculation with a high cellular density (>1.5 g L?1) was observed in terms of start‐up performance. Secondly, the TPPB was monitored for 38 days to characterise its behaviour under several operational conditions. The removal efficiency remained above 63% for an inlet concentration of 7 g isopropylbenzene (IPB) m?3 and at some time points reached 92% during an intermittent loading phase (10 h day?1), corresponding to a mean elimination capacity of 4 × 10?3 g L?1 min?1 (240 g m?3 h?1) for a mean IPB inlet load of 6.19 × 10?3 g L?1 min?1 (390 g m?3 h?1). Under continuous IPB loading, the performance of the TPPB declined, but the period of biomass acclimatisation to this operational condition was shorter than 5 days. The biomass grew to approximately 10 g L?1 but the cellular viability changed greatly during the experiment, suggesting an endorespiration phenomenon in the bioreactor. It was also shown that simultaneous degradation of IPB and ethanol occurred, suggesting that ethanol improves the biodegradation process without causing oxygen depletion. CONCLUSION: A water/silicone oil TPPB with ethanol as co‐substrate allowed the removal of a high inlet load of IPB during an experiment lasting 38 days. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
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Anumberoflanthanideternarycomplexescon tainingheterocyclicamineshavebeenreportedsince1960 [1] .Inrecentyearsmuchattentionhasbeenpaidtoquaternarycomplexesoflanthanidesbecauseofin terestingstructure ,coordinationmode ,competitionre actionandproperty[2~ 9] .ESRcane… 相似文献
26.
综述了近年来超分子主体化合物在分析化学领域的应用研究与进展。分别以冠醚、环糊精、杯芳烃、卟啉4类超分子为主体功能化合物的研究进行了详细的评述,并对这几类主体化合物在分析化学中的应用研究进行了展望。 相似文献
27.
N. Leclerc A. Michaud K. Sirois J.‐F. Morin M. Leclerc 《Advanced functional materials》2006,16(13):1694-1704
New electroactive and photoactive conjugated copolymers consisting of alternating 2,7‐carbazole and oligothiophene moieties linked by vinylene groups have been developed. Different oligothiophene units have been introduced to study the relationship between the polymer structure and the electronic properties. The resulting copolymers are characterized by UV‐vis spectroscopy, size‐exclusion chromatography, and thermal and electrochemical analyses. Bulk heterojunction photovoltaic cells from different copolymers and a soluble fullerene derivative, [6,6]‐phenyl‐C61 butyric acid methyl ester, have been fabricated, and promising preliminary results are obtained. For instance, non‐optimized devices using poly(N‐(4‐octyloxyphenyl)‐2,7‐carbazolenevinylene‐alt‐3″,4″‐dihexyl‐2,2′;5′,2″;5″,2″′;5″′,2″″‐quinquethiophenevinylene 1″,1″‐dioxide) as an absorbing and hole‐carrier semiconductor exhibit power conversion efficiency up to 0.8 % under air mass (AM) 1.5 illumination. These features make 2,7‐carbazolenevinylene‐based and related polymers attractive candidates for solar‐cell applications. 相似文献
28.
KS Atia AI El‐Batal 《Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (Oxford, Oxfordshire : 1986)》2005,80(7):805-811
Glucose oxidase (EC 1.1.3.4) was immobilized on different polymeric materials using different immobilization techniques (entrapping by γ‐irradiation, and covalent binding using epichlorohydrin). Studies were carried out to increase the thermal stability of glucose oxidase (GOD) for different applications. The activity and stability of the resulting biopolymers have been compared with those of free GOD. The effect of different polyvinyl alcohol/polyacrylamide (PVA/PAAm) compositions of the copolymer carrier on the enzymatic activity of the immobilized GOD was studied. The maximum enzymatic activity was obtained with the composition ratio of PVA/PAAm of 60:40. The behaviour of the free and immobilized enzyme was analysed as a function of pH. A broadening in the pH profile (5.5–8) was observed for immobilized preparations. The activity and stability of the resulting biopolymers produced by immobilization of GOD onto different carriers have been compared, in both aqueous and organic media, with those of the free GOD. The enzyme's tolerance toward both heat and organic solvent was enhanced by immobilization onto polymers. The addition of different concentrations of organic solvents (10–50%, v/v) to the enzyme at higher temperature (60 °C) was found to stabilize the enzyme molecule. The strongest stabilizing effect on the enzymatic activity was achieved at a concentration of 10%. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
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