Palmitic Acid-Induced miR-429-3p Impairs Myoblast Differentiation by Downregulating CFL2

MicroRNAs are known to play a critical role in skeletal myogenesis and maintenance, and cofilin-2 (CFL2) is necessary for actin cytoskeleton dynamics and myogenic differentiation. Nonetheless, target molecules and the modes of action of miRNAs, especially those responsible for the inhibitory mechanism on the myogenesis by saturated fatty acids (SFA) or obesity, still remain unclear. Here, we reported the role played by miR-429-3p on CFL2 expression, actin filament dynamics, myoblast proliferation, and myogenic differentiation in C2C12 cells. Palmitic acid (PA), the most abundant SFA in diet, inhibited the myogenic differentiation of myoblasts, accompanied by CFL2 reduction and miR-429-3p induction. Interestingly, miR-429-3p suppressed the expression of CFL2 by targeting the 3′UTR of CFL2 mRNA directly. Transfection of miR-429-3p mimic in myoblasts increased F-actin formation and augmented nuclear YAP level, thereby promoting cell cycle progression and myoblast proliferation. Moreover, miR-429-3p mimic drastically suppressed the expressions of myogenic factors, such as MyoD, MyoG, and MyHC, and impaired myogenic differentiation of C2C12 cells. Therefore, this study unveiled the crucial role of miR-429-3p in myogenic differentiation through the suppression of CFL2 and provided implications of SFA-induced miRNA in the regulation of actin dynamics and skeletal myogenesis.     

Enhancing the Efficiency of Distraction Osteogenesis through Rate-Varying Distraction: A Computational Study

Distraction osteogenesis (DO) is a mechanobiological process of producing new bone and overlying soft tissues through the gradual and controlled distraction of surgically separated bone segments. The process of bone regeneration during DO is largely affected by distraction parameters. In the present study, a distraction strategy with varying distraction rates (i.e., “rate-varying distraction”) is proposed, with the aim of shortening the distraction time and improving the efficiency of DO. We hypothesized that faster and better healing can be achieved with rate-varying distractions, as compared with constant-rate distractions. A computational model incorporating the viscoelastic behaviors of the callus tissues and the mechano-regulatory tissue differentiation laws was developed and validated to predict the bone regeneration process during DO. The effect of rate-varying distraction on the healing outcomes (bony bridging time and bone formation) was examined. Compared to the constant low-rate distraction, a low-to-high rate-varying distraction provided a favorable mechanical environment for angiogenesis and bone tissue differentiation, throughout the distraction and consolidation phase, leading to an improved healing outcome with a shortened healing time. These results suggest that a rate-varying clinical strategy could reduce the overall treatment time of DO and decrease the risk of complications related to the external fixator.     

Interdelta PCR指纹图谱法区分鉴定沙城产区酿酒酵母

运用Interdelta PCR 指纹图谱分析技术,对从沙城产区龙眼葡萄相关的葡萄园土壤、酿酒设备和自然发酵过程中分离得到的54 株酿酒酵母(Saccharomyce cerevisiae)进行亚种水平的区分鉴定,研究不同酿酒酵母的分布和变化规律。结果表明：54 株酿酒酵母产生7 种指纹图谱,代表7 种不同的基因类型,基因型Ⅰ～Ⅶ分别占所分离菌株的31.5%、11.1%、7.4%、42.6%、3.7%、1.85% 和1.85%。自然发酵中后期有4 种基因类型的酵母菌,酿酒设备表面3 种,葡萄园土壤中2 种。通过聚类分析软件处理所得数据作出树形图,可直观地看出亚种第Ⅰ和第Ⅳ的亲缘关系最近,而第Ⅶ与其他亚种的亲缘关系最远。     

基于自动微分技术的内点法最优潮流算法

讨论了一种基于自动微分（AD）技术的内点法最优潮流（OPF）算法。与已有的基于AD技术的OPF算法相比,该算法使用高效的基于操作符重载的AD工具,充分利用直角坐标下雅可比矩阵和海森矩阵的大部分元素是常数的特点,加入了识别上述矩阵中不变元素的功能,避免了重复计算。对一组大规模算例的测试分析表明,该算法在保持代码可维护性、灵活性的同时,计算速度接近手动编程,表明AD技术在电力系统OPF中具有取代传统手动编程的潜力。     

Fuzzy赋范空间上算子的微分

本文给出了Fuzzy赋范空间上算子的Fuzzy Frechet微分、Fuzzy Gateaux微分的定义,讨论了它们的一些性质。     

From linear to nonlinear control means: a practical progression

With the rapid advance of digital control hardware, it is time to take the simple but effective proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control technology to the next level of performance and robustness. For this purpose, a nonlinear PID and active disturbance rejection framework are introduced in this paper. It complements the existing theory in that (1) it actively and systematically explores the use of nonlinear control mechanisms for better performance, even for linear plants; (2) it represents a control strategy that is rather independent of mathematical models of the plants, thus achieving inherent robustness and reducing design complexity. Stability analysis, as well as software/hardware test results, are presented. It is evident that the proposed framework lends itself well in seeking innovative solutions to practical problems while maintaining the simplicity and the intuitiveness of the existing technology.     

Probabilistic ensemble simplified fuzzy ARTMAP for sonar target differentiation

This study investigates the processing of sonar signals with ensemble neural networks for robust recognition of simple objects such as plane, corner and trapezium surface. The ensemble neural networks can differentiate the target objects with high accuracy. The simplified fuzzy ARTMAP (SFAM) and probabilistic ensemble simplified fuzzy ARTMAP (PESFAM) are compared in terms of classification accuracy. The PESFAM implements an accurate and effective probabilistic plurality voting method to combine outputs from multiple SFAM classifiers. Five benchmark data sets have been used to evaluate the applicability of the proposed ensemble SFAM network. The PESFAM achieves good accuracy based on the twofold cross-validation results. In addition, the effectiveness of the proposed ensemble SFAM is delineated in sonar target differentiation. The experiments demonstrate the potential of PESFAM classifiers in offering an optimal solution to the data-ordering problem of SFAM implementation and also as an intelligent classification tool in mobile robot application.     

从商品住宅售价状况看天津居住空间分异现象

通过分析天津市市内六区商品住宅售价分布的情况，发现天津市居住空间分异现象已经初见端倪，就此对其特征及产生原因进行了综合研究，探讨居住空间分异的机制，并且寻求解决途径与方法，展望天津市居住空间的演化趋势。