Detecting the electrical conductivity of single walled carbon nano-tubes by a DFM detection system

Rare SWCNT materials contain both metallic SWCNT(m-SWCNT)and semi-conducting SWCNT(s-SWCNT).Since mSWCNT and s-SWCNT have very different applications,it is necessary to differentiate them so as to further separate them for more efficient CNT utilization.To achieve this goal,the authors established a dielectric force microscope(DFM)detection system to differentiate s-SWCNT from m-SWCNT,based on different 2 force decided by SWCNT’s conductivity under AC electric field.The experimental results showed that s-SWCNT can be clearly differentiated from m-SWCNT.The statistics analysis shows that the detected number proportion of s-SWCNT to m-SWCNT matches the well-known proportion 2:1 in the normally prepared CNT materials.The above results strongly verified the effectiveness of the detection system.     

基于DSMP实现移动数据业务差异化的研究

基于数据业务管理平台（DSMP） 提出了一种令牌算法，以实现移动数据业务服务质量的差异化。利用三维Markov链对该算法进行了数学建模，给出了稳态概率平衡方程及其数值求解的新递归方法。理论结果和仿真结果都验证了该算法的有效性和灵活性。     

客户关系管理型供电客户服务中心的建设

客户关系管理是国际上新兴的企业经营理念，它是一种旨在改善企业与客户之间关系的新型管理机制。在市场经济新形势的服务要求下，建立客户关系管理型供电客户服务中心是必要的。介绍了新型客户服务中心的架构和运作模式．以及如何区别对待不同的客户群(或客户)，制定和实施差异化服务．提高客户的忠诚度和满意度。通过一年多的实践．取得了显的经济效益和社会效益。     

Comparative analysis of different approaches to target differentiation and localization with sonar

This study compares the performances of different methods for the differentiation and localization of commonly encountered features in indoor environments. Differentiation of such features is of interest for intelligent systems in a variety of applications such as system control based on acoustic signal detection and identification, map building, navigation, obstacle avoidance, and target tracking. Different representations of amplitude and time-of-flight measurement patterns experimentally acquired from a real sonar system are processed. The approaches compared in this study include the target differentiation algorithm, Dempster-Shafer evidential reasoning, different kinds of voting schemes, statistical pattern recognition techniques (k-nearest neighbor classifier, kernel estimator, parameterized density estimator, linear discriminant analysis, and fuzzy c-means clustering algorithm), and artificial neural networks. The neural networks are trained with different input signal representations obtained using pre-processing techniques such as discrete ordinary and fractional Fourier, Hartley and wavelet transforms, and Kohonen's self-organizing feature map. The use of neural networks trained with the back-propagation algorithm, usually with fractional Fourier transform or wavelet pre-processing results in near perfect differentiation, around 85% correct range estimation and around 95% correct azimuth estimation, which would be satisfactory in a wide range of applications.     

一级市场中电力产品的差别化及其带来的市场进入壁垒

电力市场的建立需要参与竞争的发电企业确立自己在市场中的位置，通过其行为的差别化显示与其它竞争者的优势。详细讨论了一级电力市场的差别化问题，并分析了由于这种差别化的存在而导致的潜在市场进入者横向和纵向的进入壁垒。结果表明，这种进入壁垒的存在是发电企业欲进入新市场或保持原有市场份额所应着重关注的问题。     

基于液晶光阀微分处理的实时联合变换相关器

提出了一种用液晶光阀实现对输入图像的微分预处理和对功率谱微分处理的实时联合变换相关器。两个液晶光阀均处于非线性变换态,分别在输入面和频谱面上实现对输入图像和联合功率谱的微分处理。微分功率谱经傅里叶透镜变换后得到相关输出。实验表明,该相关器采用全光方式不仅保证了实时性,而且锐化了相关峰;经该相关器微分后的图像,其相关性能明显优于常规联合变换相关器输出的结果。     

砂带磨削与砂轮磨削在机械加工中的区别及其应用

通过分析砂带磨削与砂轮磨削的区别，介绍了砂带磨削的磨削机理、磨削特点和应用范围。     

转型时期我国社会阶层分化的政治双重效应和对策研究

以对新时期我国社会阶层分化的主要特点的分析为基础,着重对转型时期我国社会阶层分化及其对我国社会政治生活的复杂影响进行了理论分析,并作了对策性研究。     

电磁场法向分量边界条件非独立性的微分法证明

电磁场的法向分量边界条件不独立 ,但先前关于这一命题的微分法证明有局限性 .文中指出了这一局限性 ,给出了对任何光滑界面普遍适用的微分证明法 .     

Low-temperature X-ray microanalysis of the differentiating vascular tissue in root tips of Lemna minor L

The fracture faces of bulk-frozen tissue offer a number of advantages for the analysis of diffusible elements. They are easy to prepare, remain uncontaminated, and, unlike most frozen-hydrated sections, can be shown to exist in a fully hydrated state throughout examination and analysis. Root tips of Lemna minor briefly treated with a polymeric cryoprotectant are quench frozen in melting nitrogen. Fractures are prepared using the AMRAY Biochamber, lightly etched if necessary to reveal surface detail and carbon coated while maintaining the specimen at 110 K. The frozen-hydrated fracture faces are analysed at 110 K using the P/B ratio method which is less sensitive to changes in surface geometry and variations in beam current. The method has been used to investigate the distribution of seven elements (Na+, Mg⁺⁺, P, S, Cl^?, K+ and Ca⁺⁺) in the developing vascular tissue of the root tip. The microprobe can measure relative elemental ratios at the cellular level and the results from this present study reveal important variations in different parts of the root. The younger, more actively dividing cells, appear to have a slightly higher concentration of diffusible ions in comparison to the somewhat older tissues which have begun to differentiate into what are presumed to be functional vascular elements.