煤液化油实沸点蒸馏的模拟实验

采用TD200简易蒸馏装置对石油醚和液体石蜡进行了实沸点蒸馏，得到实沸点蒸馏数据，并绘制了实沸点蒸馏曲线和各馏分质量百分数与温度关系曲线，得出主要馏分所在的沸程分别为石油醚64．5℃～68℃，液体石蜡412℃～420℃；同时计算出了二者的平均沸点为65.73℃和404．36℃．这些曲线及数据不仅对石油醚和液体石蜡的组成和使用性能有参考价值，而且这种分析方法为煤液化油的实沸点蒸馏奠定了基础。     

Some compositional properties of seeds and oils of eightAmaranthus species

Grain of 21Amaranthus accessions (eight species) was analyzed for crude fat, fatty acid profiles (FAP), and vitamin E (tocopherols and tocotrienols). Contents of (1→3), (1→4) β-glucan were determined in 12 accessions (four species), and trypsin inhibitor activity (TIA) in 20 accessions (six species). FAP and vitamin E profiles were compared to those of barley, buckwheat, corn, lupin, oat, and wheat oils. Crude fat content ranged from 5.2 to 7.7%, and of the oils examined, amaranth oil was most similar in FAP to corn and buckwheat oils. Amaranth was higher than all but wheat and lupin in tocopherol content but was virtually devoid of tocotrienols, which have been shown to have hypocholesterolemic activity. Amaranth grain did not contain (1→3), (1→4) β-glucans and was low in trypsin inhibitor activity (≤4.3 trypsin units inhibited/mg). Any hypocholesterolemic effects of dietary amaranth are apparently due to substances other than (1→3), (1→4) β-glucans or tocotrienols.     

多酚氧化酶催化单宁的氧化聚合反应研究

研究了多酚氧化酶催化单宁的氧化聚合反应情况 ,探索了反应条件及 7种化合物对酶活性的抑制效果 ,对产物进行了红外光谱和紫外光谱测试 ,相对粘度法测定了产物的分子量。结果表明 ,反应的最佳条件是pH为 5 .2 9,温度为 3 0℃ ,在所用抑制剂中 ,硫酸铜的抑制作用最强 ,与单宁酸的IR图相比 ,产物的 -OH吸收带变窄 ,在 12 60cm-1处吸收峰增强 ,而紫外吸收无变化。产物平均分子量为 3 5 41,说明多酚氧化酶能催化单宁的氧化聚合     

Silphinene Sesquiterpenes as Model Insect Antifeedants

Silphinene sesquiterpenes are established chrysomelid antifeedants. In this work, nine silphinene analogs, 11-acetoxy-5-angeloyloxysilphinen-3-one (1), 11-acetoxy-5-tigloyloxysilphinen-3-one (2), 11-acetoxy-5-iso- butyryloxysilphinen-3-one (3), 11-hydroxy-5-angeloyloxysilphinen-3-one (4), 11,5-dihydroxysilphinen-3-one (5), 11,5-diacetoxysilphinen-3-one (6), 5,11-diisobutyryloxysilphinen-3-one (7), silphinen-3,5,11-trione (8), and O-methyl-5-epicantabrenolic acid methyl ester (10), and a presilphiperfolane sesquiterpene (9) were tested against several divergent insect species, including the lepidopteran Spodoptera littoralis, the chrysomelid Leptinotarsa decemlineata, and five aphid species, and their antifeedant effects were compared with those of picrotoxinin, a GABA-antagonist, and thymol, an allosteric modulator for insect GABA receptors. All insects tested responded to at least one silphinene analog and/or GABA antagonist. Compound 3 and thymol were effective antifeedants against all species tested except S. littoralis, with varying potencies according to their feeding ecologies. The toxicity of these compounds was species-dependent and did not correlate with their antifeedant effect.     

增塑聚丙烯结晶行为和力学性能的研究

以液体石蜡（LP）为增塑剂，采用双螺杆挤出机对无规共聚聚丙烯（PP）进行了增塑，研究了LP用量对PP力学性能和结晶性能的影响。研究结果表明：PP经过增塑后，冲击强度可提高150％，拉伸强度提高80％，断裂伸长率提高110％；增塑PP的结晶度和热变形温度也有所提高。     

硅整流元件纯水冷却系统换热设备的化学清洗

介绍了硅整流元件的纯水冷却系统换热设备化学清洗中药剂的评定筛选原则。质量标准，清洗工艺等。并对其清洗效果加以评定。     

石蜡的国内外市场

石蜡在国际市场上相对稳定，预计２０００年的需求量为３５０万ｔ，价格仍将维持在目前的水平。１９９５年我国石蜡的产量为８４．５万ｔ，预计２０００年国内需求量约６０万ｔ，出口量将达５０万ｔ     

新型高效水处理剂的研制

本文简单介绍了2－丙烯酰胺－2－甲基丙磺酸（AMPS）的性能及应用，工业循环冷动水处理中阻垢剂的发展历史与最新进展。并首次以马来酸酐（MA）、AMPS、NaH2PO2为单体，水为溶剂、过硫酸氨为引发剂合成低磷含量的膦羧酸共调聚物，探讨了单体配比为n(MA):n(AMPS)=2:1,m(NaH2PO2):m(MA AMPS)=10:100时反应温度，反应时间对合成产品的影响。     

石蜡沉积对储层渗透率的影响研究

油气开采过程中的蜡质、沥青质等有机固相沉积。严重影响着油田的正常生产。固相沉积物不仅堵塞油井、输油管线,而且也给油藏多孔介质造成一系列的伤害。如堵塞油藏孔隙、降低孔隙度和渗透率,改变油藏岩石的润湿性,从而影响原油采收率的提高。本文采用热力学理论建立了液固两相相平衡方程,模拟计算石蜡沉积量对储层孔隙度和渗透率影响,进而求出对油井产能的影响。     

盐水介质铝合金复合缓蚀剂的研究

以葡萄糖酸盐、醇胺磷酸酯、苯并三氮唑(BTA)、表面活性剂、添加剂等合成了盐水介质铝缓蚀剂并用腐蚀失重法进行了评价。在22.5％盐水介质中,葡萄糖酸钙:苯并三氮唑:硫酸锌:醇胺磷酸酯:十二烷基苯磺酸钠=1.0:1.0:0.6:0.2:0.05,50℃时,铝缓蚀率可达95％以上。