Manipulation of Micro Solid Particles and Induced Flows in Water by Laser Irradiation

Q-switch for pulsing laser beam and Galvano scanner for rapid scanning laser beam were adapted to manipulatemicro solid particles in a water droplet.The trapping of fine particles at micron-sized diameters by a YAG lasersystem,induced flows,and the induced motion of the particles by laser beam irradiations are discussed.Particlerotations are observed by using anisotropic micro objects,and moreover the rotational rate with clockwise direc-tion is 22 r/min.The fragments of a cover glass were mixed in a water droplet,and their size and shape are un-even.The rotation of that non-spheres without scanning by the Galvano scanner is also observed in water.     

基于混合PSO算法的梯级水库优化调度研究

提出基于混合粒子群优化（PSO）算法求解流域梯级单目标优化调度问题方法的一般结构，并对三峡梯级的发电和洪水优化调度问题进行了研究。该算法利用离散微分动态规划法（DDDP）算法对粒子群优化算法的gBest粒子进行二次寻优，加快了算法的收敛速度和精度。     

高压水射流粉碎原盐

高压水射流粉碎技术是近年发展起来的一项新型粉碎技术。文中介绍了水射流粉碎机理和新研制的后混合靶式水射流粉碎装置 ,并通过原盐粉碎实验证明 ,水射流粉碎具有效率高、工艺简单、产品粒度可调等特点 ,是一项具有良好发展前景的粉碎技术。     

Pad effects on material-removal rate in chemical-mechanical planarization

The role of a porous pad in controlling material-removal rate (MRR) during the chemical-mechanical planarization (CMP) process has been studied numerically. The numerical results are used to develop a phenomenological model that correlates the forces on each individual abrasive particle to the applied nominal pressure. The model provides a physical explanation for the experimentally observed domains of pressure-dependent MRR, where the pad deformation controls the load sharing between active-abrasive particles and direct pad-wafer contact. The predicted correlations between MRR and slurry characteristics, i.e., particle size and concentration, are in agreement with experimentally measured trends reported by Ouma¹ and Izumitani.²     

纳米氧化铝的制备及应用

介绍了高科技产品纳米氧化铝的 3大制备方法 :固相法、气相法、液相法的优缺点 ,以及纳米氧化铝的应用与发展前景     

纳米Fe/C复合材料的原位合成

在石油渣油中加入二茂铁，通过热缩聚反的位合成纳米级铁粒子均匀分散于炭基体中的新型复合材料，研究了在420℃热缩聚时停时间和二茂铁添加量对Fe/C形成的影响，并用TEM和XRD观测和分析了Fe/C的形态和结构，结果表明，在基体中铁粒子的粒径为25－50nm，在一定条件下，二茂铁添加量的增加和停留时间的延长均使Fe/C产率提高，停留时间对热缩聚反应的影响遵循一级反应动力学，二茂铁的添加能显著提高反应速率常数k值。     

Mechanical and thermal properties of HVOF sprayed Ni based alloys with carbide

The objective of the present study is to develop multi-functioned coating to the components, which are made of copper with electroplated Ni and are widely used for steel making industry. In this paper, we report the mechanical and thermal properties of Ni based superalloys with carbide sprayed by high velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF), and the detailed effects of sprayed material, spraying conditions, and initial powder structure on these properties. It was found that, among commercial Ni self-fluxing alloys (without fusing treatment), coating with a carbon content of 0.58 mass% had the most preferable properties, with a good balance of the hardness, strength, and thermal shock resistance. The thermal shock resistance depended not only on the strength of the coating but also on the volume contraction when tested at high temperatures. For the several developed Ni based superalloys with carbide, Ni20Cr8Mo5Fe–WC and Ni16Cr15Mo3–WC demonstrated the prominent adhesion strength and thermal shock resistance with high Galvanic corrosion resistance through optimized spraying condition. Also, 20 mass% NiCr–Cr₃C₂ coating sprayed by using employed relatively small primary particle succeeded in achieving the multi-superior properties; high adhesion strength, high corrosion resistance and thermal shock resistance.     

Recent developments of high-performance NEOMAX magnets

For further improvement in achieving extremely high magnetic properties of Nd- Fe- B sintered magnets, extensive investigation has been done to densify the magnet up to the theoretical value, to increase the volume fraction of the Nd ₂Fe₁₄B matrix phase, and to achieve a high degree of alignment. By controlling chemical composition and the amount of constituent phases,improving particle size distribution, and adopting the isostatic pressing method to get better alignment of fine particles, we have succeeded in obtaining a high-performance magnet having residual flux density (B_r) of 1.495 T (14.95 kG), maximum energy product [(BH)_max] of 431 kj/m³ (54.2 MGOe), and intrinsic coercivity (iH_c) of 845 kA/m (10.62 kOe).     

Influence of melt superheat on breakup process of close-coupled gas atomization

In close-coupled gas atomization（CCGA）, the influences of melt superheat on breakup process are fundamental to obtain desired or finer powder. Based on a series of Cu atomization experiment under different superheating conditions, the influences of melt superheat on breakup process were studied. Experimental results indicate that as the melt superheat is increased to 150, 200, 250 and 300 K, the mean particle size （D50） decreases consequently to 34.9, 32.3, 30.9 and 19.7 μm. Theoretical analysis reveals that the primary breakup and secondary breakup processes are close coupled, and the melt superheat radically influences the melt properties, and plays a crucial role on governing the filming process of primary breakup and the atomization modes of secondary breakup. There exists a strong nonlinear decrease of contact angle of melt to nozzle orifice wall when the superheat is increased fi＇om 250 K to 300 K, leading to a marked fall of the film thickness formed in primary breakup, and D50 of copper powders is therefore sharply reduced. However, the log-normal distribution feature of particle size has not been substantially improved.     

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HAZE AND THE SIZE OF PARTICLES IN BEER

Haze measurements have been obtained for suspensions of polystyrenelatex particles of known diameter using two light scattering instruments which measure at angles of 90° and 13° respectively. The results agree well with the theory of light scattering and demonstrate the significant effects of particle size and angle of detection upon the instrumental values for haze. This information has been used to correlate the particle size distributions of a number of beers, as measured by Coulter Counter, with the corresponding, measured haze values.