Portable erythema meter and its application to use in human skin

In this study a compact, hand-held, solid state erythema meter using light emitting diodes is described. This device has been constructed and used to compare with visual assessments of ultraviolet radiation in human subjects. A statistically significant correlation was obtained between erythema index and visual assessment in 24 ultraviolet irradiated subjects. Furthermore, the effects of three aftersun treatments have also been assessed objectively using the meter and subjectively using visual assessments. The ultraviolet-irradiated areas were less red following treatment than the irradiated and untreated areas. The results obtained by the meter were similar to and statistically significant with those obtained by visual assessment.
It is concluded that widespread use of an erythema meter such as that described would greatly improve all cutaneous erythema assessments.     

口服ALA在皮肤及肿瘤中的代谢

目的 :探求ALA口服在皮肤及皮肤肿瘤中的代谢 ,寻求皮肤肿瘤光敏诊断最佳的ALA口服剂量及时间。方法 :口服不同剂量的ALA(2 0mg/kg、4 0mg/kg、6 0mg/kg、80mg/kg、10 0mg/kg) ,不同时间 (1小时、2小时、4小时、6小时、8小时、10小时、12小时、2 4小时、4 8小时 )以激光诱导荧光OMA检测系统测定肿瘤及左股部皮肤荧光 ,并经数据处理 ,寻求皮肤肿瘤与正常皮肤荧光相对值相差最大的合适的ALA口服剂量及诊断时间。结果 :脉宽 2 0或 30A皮肤肿瘤荧光值总和与组织荧光值总和之比除以正常皮肤荧光值与组织荧光值总和之比在口服ALA6 0mg/kg ,服ALA后 6 - 8小时时比值最大。结论 :从以上数据分析口服ALA作皮肤肿瘤OMA荧光光谱分析剂量以 6 0mg/kg ,服ALA后 6 - 8小时作荧光光谱分析较合适 ,计算相对值在峰值宽度 2 0 - 30A面积均可。     

微波加热一步制备超级电容器用多孔炭

为了降低超级电容器用多孔炭的成本,以花生壳为原料,磷酸为活化剂,采用微波加热法一步制备了多孔炭,研究了该多孔炭的电化学性能。结果表明,当磷酸/花生壳质量比为3,微波功率为600 W,加热时间为20 min时,所制多孔炭的比表面积为1 494 m2/g。随着磷酸/花生壳的质量比从0.6增加到3,多孔炭的比表面积逐渐增大。在电流密度为50 mA/g时,所制电极的比容达196 F/g,300次循环后,其比容保持率为92.7%。     

基于L^＊a^＊b^＊肤色模型和数学形态学的人脸检测

提出利用L*a*b*肤色模型和数学形态学相结合的方法,实现彩色图像人脸检测.建立L*a*b*颜色空间的肤色模型,利用该模型提取肤色区域;然后,用数学形态学算子,完成去除噪声和干扰,分割候选目标等处理过程;最后,利用人脸的比例关系框选出人脸区域.实验表明,该方法计算开销较小,易于实现,准确率较高,速度快.     

彩色图像人脸特征点定位算法研究

本文提出了一种基于复合局部信息模型的改进Active Shape Model(ASM)算法,并进一步提出了基于人脸特征点Gabor小波特征降维分类的特征点搜索方法,对改进ASM的结果进行精确校正,达到鲁棒精确定位特征点的目的.本文首先对经过Adaboost检测的彩色图像人脸区域进行光照补偿,然后根据眼睛和唇色的色度特性定位双眼和嘴唇中心位置,从而得到较好的人脸特征点的初始位置.在特征点位置搜索中,本文结合肤色概率信息对ASM方法进行了改进,从而提高了仅基于灰度梯度信息的传统ASM方法的鲁棒性和准确性.最后选取改进ASM搜索后的某些特征点一定领域内梯度值较高的点,提取其Gabor小波特征,通过线性判别式分析法(Linear Discriminant Analysis)和最近邻分类法对其进行分类,搜寻最符合训练样本Gabor特征的点作为最佳位置点,修正了ASM的搜索结果,使得搜寻结果更加精确.     

存在部分连通断层的线性水侵油藏试井解释新模型

被断层隔开油藏中常常含有有限或无限的线性水体,由于断层连通性认识不清使得人们常常对水体的类型判断错误。现有油藏开发人员对存在部分连通断层的油藏试井解释模型研究仅针对均质油藏、复合油藏、双重介质油藏,而并没有对线性水侵油藏进行研究。通过引入界面表皮的概念,将部分连通断层视为一个无限薄的表皮边界,运用渗流力学、数学物理方法、计算数学基础理论,建立了存在部分连通断层的线性水侵油藏试井解释新模型,求得模型的Laplace空间解,利用计算机编程绘制了相应的典型曲线并对曲线的影响因素进行了分析,实例应用效果很好。     

Addition of phytochemical-rich plant extracts mitigate the antimicrobial activity of essential oil/wine mixtures against Escherichia coli O157:H7 but not against Salmonella enterica

Marinades for preparing raw meats for cooking are frequently made of wine and herbs. We simulated several formulations of potential antimicrobial marinades with these components and other food compatible/food derived extracts. Red wine formulations containing essential oils from oregano or thyme, or their primary active components carvacrol and thymol, respectively, and a mixture of plant extract powders from phytochemical-rich apple skin, green tea, and olive, were evaluated for inhibitory activity against the foodborne pathogens Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella enterica. Red wine alone exhibited low activity, as did the plant extract suspended in the wine. Surprisingly, the high activity of oregano or thyme essential oils in red wine was reduced in E. coli, but not in Salmonella, by addition of the plant extract. This study shows that essential oils in red wine can be an effective antimicrobial in food, however the possibility exists that phytochemicals, added to the treatment solution or natively present in the food itself, could adversely impact the antimicrobial activity and should be addressed with future studies.     

三重介质油藏干扰试井压力动态特征

在建立三重介质油藏试井解释模型的基础上，对该类油藏的干扰试井压力动态变化进行了研究；分析了井筒储存、表皮系数、窜流系数以及弹性储容比对观测井井底压力的影响。结果表明，表皮系数对观测井的井底压力没有影响，而井筒储存是否会对观测井井底压力造成影响取决于井筒储存系数的大小以及激动井和观测井之间的距离，窜流系数和弹性储容比对观测井井底压力的影响与单井试井的结果相类似。     

浅析油气井产能的影响因素

为准确评价和分析钻井、完井、防砂和增产措施等作业环节对油气井产能的影响,对试井解释计算出的总表皮进行了有效分解,并给出了分解后各作业环节引起的表皮系数的计算方法。通过实例计算,定量分析了影响油气井产能的因素,其中射孔、钻井污染和防砂三个作业环节是影响油气井产能的主要因素,为钻井、完井、防砂和增产过程的评价提供了一定的指导意义。     

储层损害矿场评价技术在塔中T井中的应用

通过对试井分析获得的总表皮系数进行分解,得到用来表征地层损害程度的地层损害表皮系数,并由此确定地层损害半径和预测油井措施增产率,形成一套储层损害矿场评价方法。在塔中T井等多井中的应用表明,该方法具有较好的准确性和实用价值。