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QP19-L型PDC钻头在TK320井的应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
针对塔河地区的地层特点和PDC钻头的破岩机理,优选了适合于该地层钻进的QP19-L型PDC钻头,总结了PDC钻头的使用技术措施。在TK320井二开井段的应用表明,该钻头能明显提高机械钻速,缩短钻井周期,值得推广应用。 相似文献
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Jonathan D. Bray Rodolfo B. Sancio Turan Durgunoglu Akin Onalp T. Leslie Youd Jonathan P. Stewart Raymond B. Seed Onder K. Cetin Ertan Bol M. B. Baturay C. Christensen T. Karadayilar 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》2004,130(7):673-685
Ground failure in Adapazari, Turkey during the 1999 Kocaeli earthquake was severe. Hundreds of structures settled, slid, tilted, and collapsed due in part to liquefaction and ground softening. Ground failure was more severe adjacent to and under buildings. The soils that led to severe building damage were generally low plasticity silts. In this paper, the results of a comprehensive investigation of the soils of Adapazari, which included cone penetration test (CPT) profiles followed by borings with standard penetration tests (SPTs) and soil index tests, are presented. The effects of subsurface conditions on the occurrence of ground failure and its resulting effect on building performance are explored through representative case histories. CPT- and SPT-based liquefaction triggering procedures adequately identified soils that liquefied if the clay-size criterion of the Chinese criteria was disregarded. The CPT was able to identify thin seams of loose liquefiable silt, and the SPT (with retrieved samples) allowed for reliable evaluation of the liquefaction susceptibility of fine-grained soils. A well-documented database of in situ and index testing is now available for incorporating in future CPT- and SPT-based liquefaction triggering correlations. 相似文献
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Pipe piles can be classified as either closed- or open-ended piles. In the present paper, the load capacity of both closed- and open-ended piles is related to cone penetration resistance qc through an experimental program using calibration chamber model pile load tests and field pile load tests. A total of 36 calibration chamber pile load tests and two full-scale field pile load tests were analyzed. All the test piles were instrumented for separate measurement of each component of pile load capacity. Based on the test results, the normalized base resistance qb/qc was obtained as a function of the relative density DR for closed-ended piles, and of both the relative density DR and the incremental filling ratio (IFR) for open-ended piles. A relationship between the IFR and the relative density DR is proposed as a function of the pile diameter and driving depth. The relationship between IFR and DR allows the estimation of IFR and thus of the pile load capacity of open-ended piles at the design stage, before pile driving operations. 相似文献
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Hyun Kyu Suh 《Fuel》2008,87(6):925-932
This paper investigates the effect of injection parameters on the characteristics of dimethyl ether (DME) as an alternative fuel in a diesel engine with experimental and analytical models based on empirical equations. In order to study macroscopic and microscopic characteristics of DME fuel, this work focuses on the atomization characteristics of DME and compares experimental and predicted results for spray development obtained by empirical models for diesel and DME fuel. Detailed comparisons of spray tip penetration from three different empirical correlations and from visualization experiments of diesel and DME fuels were conducted under various fuel injection conditions. In comparison with the results of different empirical equations for measured spray tip penetration, the experimental results of this study provide good agreement with the calculation results based on empirical equations, except during the earliest stage of the injected spray sequence. The results of atomization characteristics indicate that DME showed better spray characteristics than conventional diesel fuel. Also, the fuel injection delay and maximum injection rate of DME fuel are shorter and lower than those of diesel fuel at the same injection conditions, respectively. 相似文献
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PDC钻头在胜利油田深井钻井中的应用 总被引:5,自引:2,他引:3
胜利油田为提高深井钻井速度,试验应用了PDC钻头,结果表明,深井钻井应用PDC钻头可大幅度提高机械钻速,缩短建井周期,降低钻井成本,经济效益明显。通过大量的现场试验,扩大了PDC钻头在胜利油田的使用范围,并取得很好的效果,初步形成了PDC钻头推广应用区域模式。详细介绍了胜利油田不适用PDC钻头钻进的地层岩性,给出了钻头选型及钻井参数选择原则,并对应用效果进行了分析。 相似文献
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提出了一种高风电渗透率下考虑需求侧管理策略的智能微电网调度方法。首先,考虑经济、环境成本指标、清洁能源就地消纳量以及可中断负荷和可转移负荷策略,建立了多目标优化调度模型。然后,引入ε约束法生成Pareto前沿解集,利用归一化方法求出最优折衷解。最后,基于24节点配电系统对所提方法进行分析验证。算例结果表明:建立的多目标优化模型能够有效提升清洁能源的消纳率,提高调度方案经济性,同时有效降低发电污染排放。采用的需求侧管理策略能够有效平抑负荷波动,达到削峰填谷的目的。 相似文献
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Improved Controlled Release and Brain Penetration of the Small Molecule S14 Using PLGA Nanoparticles
Vanesa Nozal Elisa Rojas-Prats Ins Maestro Carmen Gil Daniel I. Perez Ana Martinez 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(6)
Phosphodiesterase 7 (PDE7) is an enzyme responsible for the degradation of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), an important cellular messenger. PDE7’s role in neurotransmission, expression profile in the brain and the druggability of other phosphodiesterases have motivated the search for potent inhibitors to treat neurodegenerative and inflammatory diseases. Different heterocyclic compounds have been described over the years; among them, phenyl-2-thioxo-(1H)-quinazolin-4-one, called S14, has shown very promising results in different in vitro and in vivo studies. Recently, polymeric nanoparticles have been used as new formulations to target specific organs and produce controlled release of certain drugs. In this work, we describe poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)-based polymeric nanoparticles loaded with S14. Their preparation, optimization, characterization and in vivo drug release profile are here presented as an effort to improve pharmacokinetic properties of this interesting PDE7 inhibitor. 相似文献