Biosorption of heavy metals by Saccharomyces cerevisiae: Effects of nutrient conditions

Studies took place to investigate the effects of different nutrient conditions on the biosorption ability and selectivity of heavy metals by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. After having grown in media supplemented with additional glucose, ammonium, phosphate or cysteine, the yeast was exposed to an equimolar solution of lead, cadmium, zinc and copper. Lead removal from a mixed solution was significantly higher than that of copper, followed by zinc and cadmium. Generally, yeasts from cysteine-rich media showed greatest sorption capacity whereas phosphate addition influenced zinc selectivity. In addition, glucose, fructose and sucrose as carbon sources were examined. Cultures grown in glucose had a better uptake than those cultivated with fructose at an incubation time of 30 min.     

Ammoxidation of methylaromatics over vanadium phosphate catalysts II. Catalyst formation, active sites and reaction mechanism

The interactions of VOHPO₄· 0.5H₂O and (VO)₂P₂O₇ with the ammoxidation feed and the single components such as ammonia, oxygen, water and component mixtures were studied in detail using XRD and temperature-programmed reaction spectroscopy. The aim of this work was to improve the knowledge of the formation of the active phases or active sites of the catalysts from their precursors under the condition of the ammoxidation reaction. Similar catalytic properties of various applied VPO materials were discussed in terms of the presence of similar structure elements (domains of adjacent edge-sharing VO₆ octahedra-units and P-O-NH₄ groups).     

饲料级磷酸氢钙中氟的几种分析方法比较

本文采用茜素络合酮比色法和氟离子选择电极法对饲料磷酸氢钙进行氟的测定实验对比,得出常用的氟离子选择电极法完全可以代替经典的蒸馏比色法的结论。     

磷矿山环境污染的形成与防治

以湖北省黄麦岭、荆襄磷矿为研究对象，分析了造成磷矿山环境污染的污染源类型及特点，并从矿石特征、矿山生产环节、区域自然环境条件等方面，讨论了对矿山污染的制约和影响，以此，有针对性地提出防治矿山污染的对策和措施。     

HPP－1型皮革加脂剂的研制和应用

本文概述了以磷酸化蓖麻油和羟化磷脂为基础的皮革加脂剂的研制，讨论了合成反应、产品配伍、应用试验等工艺过程。     

钢铁表面锌系磷化膜的研究

本文采用ＳＥＭ和ＴＥＭ等测试手段，研究了四功能处理液不同条件下在钢铁表面上形成锌系磷化膜的形貌，晶体结构；采用ＥＤＳ研究了磷化膜的化学成发，通过实验确定了Ｚｎ／Ｐ值在２．１２～３．２０时，磷化膜具有良好的耐蚀性。     

磷酸异戊酯萃取U,Np,Pu性能的研究

测定磷酸异戊酯（ＴｉＡＰ）对Ｕ（Ⅵ）、Ｎｐ（Ⅳ）、Ｎｐ（Ⅴ）、Ｎｐ（Ⅵ）、Ｐｕ（Ⅳ）和Ｐｕ（Ⅲ）的萃取性能及对Ｔｈ（代替Ｐｕ）的萃取容量。研究了二乙三胺五乙酸（ＤＴＰＡ）络合剂对上述核素形成配合物的条件。结果表明，在用ＴＢＰ和ＴｉＡＰ作萃取剂时，可用ＤＴＰＡ络合Ｎｐ（Ⅵ）、Ｐｕ（Ⅲ）．从而改善乏燃料后处理中Ｕ产品对Ｎｐ、Ｐｕ和Ｐｕ产品对Ｎｐ的去污。     

磷酸镁水泥制备试验研究

基于水工建筑物的应急抢险与快速修补加固处理的需要,运用常规的水泥凝结时间、强度等基本性能试验,研究各材料组成对磷酸镁水泥性能的影响,确定磷酸镁水泥配方,并对不同粒径砂土的磷酸镁水泥砂浆水胶比、养护条件、强度等进行了试验研究。结果表明,硼砂是磷酸镁水泥的有效缓凝剂;氧化镁细度对水泥性能有明显影响,氧化镁越细水泥早期强度越高,但细度过细凝结时间将难以满足施工要求;磷酸镁水泥配方为:P/M值1∶3,硼砂掺量10%,氧化镁细度宜为195 m~2/kg左右;磷酸镁水泥砂浆抗压强度与胶水比具有线性相关性,与龄期呈对数关系;水中养护与标准养护相比,抗压强度降低约6%～27%,磷酸盐水泥在长期水下环境中的适用性需论证。研究成果可为水工建筑物的应急抢险与快速修补加固处理提供参考和依据。     

化工过程熵增指数及其在磷复肥清洁生产评价中的应用

从热力学第二定律出发, 指出清洁生产的热力学本质是控制物质由有序结构向无序转化并从中获取最大效益, 其优劣可由过程熵增反映。 引用复杂体系非平衡定态过程最小熵产生原理,推导出依据与外界交换的物流和热流信息定量计算化工复杂系统过程熵增的方法, 并定义过程熵增指数ζ 。 评价了化工过程对环境热力学状态的综合影响。选择以硫和以氨为载能原料的磷复肥工艺为例进行了计算和对比,其过程熵增指数分别为6.753和4.571,反映出载能原料硫作为废物排放对环境热力学状态产生更大的影响。