家用无线智能燃气表的三防防护

城市进程的加快同时也对燃气行业提出了更高的要求,如何有效地降低运行故障率成为行业内有待解决的问题。文章主要讲述了如何通过加强燃气表的三防防护工作,有效降低控制部分的运行故障率。其中通过列举一款智能表的材料优选、工艺防护和结构防护三方面进行的具体三防防护处理措施,以及投入市场使用后所取得的效果,从而验证了经过三防处理的燃气表在恶劣环境下稳定运行的寿命可以得到很大的提高。     

Probability of the critical state of glue joints of a shallow laminated shell with random irregularities

Relations have been obtained for the determination of the probability of the dangerous (critical) state of the glue joints of a shallow laminated shell in the case of the presence of initial irregularities of the elastic plies with known probabilistic characteristics. An example of calculation of the probability of the critical state of the glue joint of a two-ply shell with known mathematical expectation and correlation function of random initial deflection of the upper ply is considered. __________ Translated from Problemy Prochnosti, No. 1, pp. 138–149, January–February, 2006.     

累托石纳米晶层的高压剥离研究

首次采用物理方法高压制备了酚醛树脂(PF)/累托石(REC)粘土和酚醛树脂(PF)/有机改性累托石(OREC)粘土纳米复合材料,以X射线衍射(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)及红外光谱(IR)分析了复合材料的物相和显微结构。结果表明,不通过层间高分子聚合反应,在常温高压下,由聚合物分子插入粘土层间,可以形成剥离型树脂/粘土纳米复合材料。在100M Pa和500M Pa下,复合材料中的OREC完全剥离,而REC只有部分被剥离。     

新型酚醛树脂PN作为复合材料基体的评价

研究了炔丙基改性酚醛树脂(PN)作为复合材料基体的工艺性和耐热性,及PN石英布层合板的力学性能和耐热性。结果表明,PN树脂适用于RTM、模压等多种成型过程;PN树脂浇铸体玻璃化温度在330℃~380℃;PN石英布层合板的力学性能比普通酚醛树脂层合板有明显提高,其中材料力学性能随炔丙基含量增大而趋于降低;PN石英布层合板的耐热性(玻璃化温度超过360℃)远高于普通酚醛树脂层合板(玻璃化温度低于280℃)。     

云南褐煤非燃料应用——褐煤成型半焦制备研究

云南省拥有丰富的褐煤资源,用作燃料使用会造成很大浪费,并严重污染环境。阐述了以褐煤资源为原料制备铁合金用褐煤成型半焦的工艺,研究了粘结剂腐植酸钠的制备方法及半焦成型工艺,得出当腐植酸钠配入质量分数为8%~10%时,褐煤型焦具有理想的性质,可满足铁合金厂的使用要求。     

Compaction of thick carbon/phenolic fabric composites with autoclave method

Carbon/phenolic composites are used in the nozzle parts of solid rocket motors due to their heat-resisting, ablative, and high strength characteristics, which are required to endure the high temperature and pressure of combustion gas passing through the nozzle. But the thick axi-symmetric structure of the composite nozzle induces high thermal residual stresses due to the large difference of coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) between the in-plane and the out-of-plane. In this work, in order to reduce the through-thickness CTE and the void content, a compression in the thickness direction was applied to the composite prepreg by a compressive jig during manufacturing of composite to supplement the low autoclave pressure. The through-thickness CTE of the fabric composite was calculated by a compaction model and compared with the measured one by thermo-mechanical analysis. The through-thickness CTE changed drastically with respect to the compaction amount, and the void content of the carbon/phenolic fabric composite laminate showed different characteristics from the ordinary fabric laminates with respect to the autoclave pressure and the jig pressure.     

强化甲醇制氢反应的酚醛树脂基炭膜制备

为了强化甲醇制氢反应,分别以酚醛树脂和间苯二酚-甲醛为前驱体,制备了炭膜及复合炭膜.采用扫描电镜和氮气物理吸附等手段对炭膜及复合炭膜的微观形貌与孔径分布进行了分析.考察了原料粒度及固化剂用量对炭膜孔结构以及涂膜次数对复合膜分离性能的影响,并将所制备的炭膜与复合炭膜耦合在反应器内用于强化甲醇水蒸汽重整制氢反应.结果表明,当固化剂质量分数为6%时,炭膜孔径分布最窄,且平均孔径为0.16μm.随涂膜次数从1次增至3次,复合炭膜的透气性先降低后增大.对于甲醇水蒸汽重整制氢反应的转化率而言,炭膜与复合炭膜反应器分别比传统固定床提高了1.6倍和1.9倍.     

聚丙烯餐盒复用过程中邻苯二甲酸酯类塑化剂和合成酚类抗氧化剂的检测及迁移规律研究

目的 建立气相色谱-质谱法(gas chromatography-mass spectrometry,GC-MS)同时测定聚丙烯(polypropylene,PP)餐盒中邻苯二甲酸酯类塑化剂和合成酚类抗氧化剂含量的分析方法,并研究其在复用过程中向酸性食品模拟物(4%乙酸)、非酸性食品模拟物(10%乙醇、水)以及油脂类食品模拟物(异辛烷、橄榄油)的迁移量。方法 PP餐盒经正己烷超声提取,食品模拟物根据其不同的性质选择不同萃取液,液液萃取辅以超声提取,经SH-Rxi-5MS (30 m×0.25 mm, 0.25 μm)石英毛细管柱分离,单离子监测(single ion monitoring, SIM)模式扫描,外标法定量。结果 20种化合物的线性关系在0.01~1.00 mg/L范围内表现良好,其相关系数均大于0.99,检出限和定量限分别是0.01~0.02 mg/L和0.03~0.06 mg/L。5种食品模拟物在0.05、0.10和0.50 mg/L 3个水平下加标回收率为80.4%~108.4%,相对标准偏差为1.3%~10.6% (n=6)。结论 该方法实验过程简便,灵敏度、精密度、回收率高,适用于PP餐盒中邻苯二甲酸酯类塑化剂和合成酚类抗氧化剂含量和迁移量的测定。实验结果可知,PP餐盒在热接触和微波加热的复用过程中均有一定程度的迁移,需要引起重视。     

Increasing Heavy Metal Tolerance by the Exogenous Application of Organic Acids

Several metals belong to a group of non-biodegradable inorganic constituents that, at low concentrations, play fundamental roles as essential micronutrients for the growth and development of plants. However, in high concentrations they can have toxic and/or mutagenic effects, which can be counteracted by natural chemical compounds called chelators. Chelators have a diversity of chemical structures; many are organic acids, including carboxylic acids and cyclic phenolic acids. The exogenous application of such compounds is a non-genetic approach, which is proving to be a successful strategy to reduce damage caused by heavy metal toxicity. In this review, we will present the latest literature on the exogenous addition of both carboxylic acids, including the Kreb’s Cycle intermediates citric and malic acid, as well as oxalic acid, lipoic acid, and phenolic acids (gallic and caffeic acid). The use of two non-traditional organic acids, the phytohormones jasmonic and salicylic acids, is also discussed. We place particular emphasis on physiological and molecular responses, and their impact in increasing heavy metal tolerance, especially in crop species.     

PCA图像融合算法在包装机涂胶检测中的应用

目的为解决卷烟厂包装机烟盒涂胶检测中,单一的可见光相机或红外相机对于涂胶的有无、位置、面积、均匀性等难以同时检测的问题,文中采用PCA图像融合算法作图像预处理,用于FX-2型包装机视觉检测系统。方法检测系统需要在涂胶检测处安装红外相机,同时捕获可见光图像和红外图像,然后将可见光图像与红外图像作主成分分析,替换主成分分量后进行图像融合,最后将融合后的图像输出至后端处理系统。结果实验证明,融合后的图像纹理细节丰富,同时包含了边缘信息与温度信息,对比度高,可检测性强。结论 PCA图像融合算法在涂胶检测的前端处理中非常有效,融合后图像经过后端处理,可以快速检测出包装纸上涂胶的有无、位置、面积以及均匀性,嵌入FX-2型包装机视觉检测系统后,可实时检测出涂胶不合格的包装纸。