声子之间相互作用和库仑势对量子点中束缚极化子性质的影响

研究了库仑场中抛物量子点中束缚极化子的性质.采用线性组合算符和微扰法,导出了量子点中束缚极化子的基态能量.在计及电子在反冲效应中发射和吸收不同波矢的声子之间的相互作用下,研究了其对量子点中束缚极化子的基态能量的影响.数值计算表明:当考虑声子之间的相互作用时,量子点中束缚极化子的基态能量随量子点的有效受限长度的减小而迅速增大.当l0＞1.0时,必须考虑声子之间的相互作用对基态能量的影响.     

Determination of the elastic properties of a barrier film on aluminium by Brillouin spectroscopy

The surface wave dispersion for a barrier oxide film on aluminium has been determined from surface Brillouin scattering measurements carried out on films of thicknesses of 0.2, 0.35 and 0.45 μm. The measured velocities of the generalised Rayleigh mode, the pseudo interfacial mode and of several Lamb modes conform to simulations performed for stiffening layers [1]. The longitudinal velocity and the shear velocity of the layer have been calculated from the experimental dispersion curve.     

Dielectric and lattice-dynamical properties of III-nitrides

First-principles calculations are performed to investigate dynamical and dielectric properties of group-III-nitrides. We focus on vibrational frequencies, dynamical charges, and the phonon density of states of cubic AlN, GaN, and InN. Chemical trends are derived and discussed. The first ab initio calculations of phonon branches and density of states are presented for an ordered In_xGa_1−xN structure.     

Hot phonon-hot electron coupled Boltzmann equations

A novel numerical method is developed for solving the steady-state hot electron — hot LO phonon coupled Boltzmann equations. It combines a least-square matrix and an iterative technique for getting the distribution functions of the electrons and of the LO phonons and associated average values. Between 2 and 5 kV/cm in GaAs at T=300 K, the phonon distribution is significantly disturbed from thermal equilibrium, and in turn this disturbance induces a significant deviation of the hot electron distribution from its standard shape obtained assuming phonons at thermal equilibrium. The ohmic mobility and the peak velocity are shifted by 15%. This method proves to be much more accurate than previous ones.     

抛物量子点中弱耦合杂质束缚磁极化子的光学声子平均数

采用线性组合算符和幺正变换方法研究库仑场对抛物量子点中弱耦合杂质束缚磁极化子的振动频率和光学声子平均数的影响。导出量子点中弱耦合杂质束缚磁极化子的振动频率和光学声子平均数随量子点的有效受限长度、库仑束缚势和磁场的回旋共振频率的变化关系。数值计算结果表明：弱耦合杂质束缚磁极化子的振动频率和光学声子平均数随量子点的有效受限长度的减小而迅速增大,表现出奇特的量子尺寸效应。随磁场的回旋共振频率和库仑束缚势的增加而增加。     

Hierarchical Coherent Phonons in a Superatomic Semiconductor

The coupling of phonons to electrons and other phonons plays a defining role in material properties, such as charge and energy transport, light emission, and superconductivity. In atomic solids, phonons are delocalized over the 3D lattice, in contrast to molecular solids where localized vibrations dominate. Here, a hierarchical semiconductor that expands the phonon space by combining localized 0D modes with delocalized 2D and 3D modes is described. This material consists of superatomic building blocks (Re₆Se₈) covalently linked into 2D sheets that are stacked into a layered van der Waals lattice. Using transient reflectance spectroscopy, three types of coherent phonons are identified: localized 0D breathing modes of isolated superatom, 2D synchronized twisting of superatoms in layers, and 3D acoustic interlayer deformation. These phonons are coupled to the electronic degrees of freedom to varying extents. The presence of local phonon modes in an extended crystal opens the door to controlling material properties from hierarchical phonon engineering.     

Transient SHG Imaging on Ultrafast Carrier Dynamics of MoS2 Nanosheets

Understanding the collaborative behaviors of the excitons and phonons that result from light–matter interactions is important for interpreting and optimizing the underlying fundamental physics at work in devices made from atomically thin materials. In this study, the generation of exciton‐coupled phonon vibration from molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂) nanosheets in a pre‐excitonic resonance condition is reported. A strong rise‐to‐decay profile for the transient second‐harmonic generation (TSHG) of the probe pulse is achieved by applying substantial (20%) beam polarization normal to the nanosheet plane, and tuning the wavelength of the pump beam to the absorption of the A‐exciton. The time‐dependent TSHG signals clearly exhibit acoustic phonon generation at vibration modes below 10 cm^?1 (close to the Γ point) after the photoinduced energy is transferred from exciton to phonon in a nonradiative fashion. Interestingly, by observing the TSHG signal oscillation period from MoS₂ samples of varying thicknesses, the speed of the supersonic waves generated in the out‐of‐plane direction (Mach 8.6) is generated. Additionally, TSHG microscopy reveals critical information about the phase and amplitude of the acoustic phonons from different edge chiralities (armchair and zigzag) of the MoS₂ monolayers. This suggests that the technique could be used more broadly to study ultrafast physics and chemistry in low‐dimensional materials and their hybrids with ultrahigh fidelity.     

Polaronic Trions at the MoS2/SrTiO3 Interface

The reduced electrical screening in 2D materials provides an ideal platform for realization of exotic quasiparticles, that are robust and whose functionalities can be exploited for future electronic, optoelectronic, and valleytronic applications. Recent examples include an interlayer exciton, where an electron from one layer binds with a hole from another, and a Holstein polaron, formed by an electron dressed by a sea of phonons. Here, a new quasiparticle is reported, “polaronic trion” in a heterostructure of MoS₂/SrTiO₃ (STO). This emerges as the Fröhlich bound state of the trion in the atomically thin monolayer of MoS₂ and the very unique low energy soft phonon mode (≤7 meV, which is temperature and field tunable) in the quantum paraelectric substrate STO, arising below its structural antiferrodistortive (AFD) phase transition temperature. This dressing of the trion with soft phonons manifests in an anomalous temperature dependence of photoluminescence emission leading to a huge enhancement of the trion binding energy (≈70 meV). The soft phonons in STO are sensitive to electric field, which enables field control of the interfacial trion–phonon coupling and resultant polaronic trion binding energy. Polaronic trions could provide a platform to realize quasiparticle‐based tunable optoelectronic applications driven by many body effects.     

The “Composite Polarons” Interesting Objects in the Physics of the Superconducting Materials?

We generalize the Landau Pekar theory of polarons by taking account of the screening of the Coulomb interactions, and of the coupling of the electrons with the acoustical phonons. We give a criterium of existence of polarons in the presence of screening. This criterium is probably not satisfied in metals, but it can be in anisotropic materials like the cuprates. Moreover, the composite polarons may attract each other at large distance. Finally, the screening lowers significantly the effective mass of the polarons.