Control allocation technology based on fault diagnosis for the unmanned aerial vehicle system subject to physical constraints and fault reconfiguration mismatch

The problem of the system robustness subject to physical constraints and mismatched fault reconstruction is discussed in this paper. In order to facilitate the design, a four-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) system model was selected for research. First, the control allocation model of the nonlinear UAV system with disturbances is shown in the paper. Secondly, a weighted pseudo-inverse method based on adaptive weights is proposed, which reduces the impact of physical constraints on the system. After that, a dynamic weight control allocation method based on the fault efficiency matrix is designed. The weight matrix can dynamically adjust the control distribution law according to the fault estimation value provided by the observer. Then, a dynamic adaptive control allocation method for faults and physical constraints is carried out by combining adaptive weights and dynamic weights. Finally, a simulation example is presented to further illustrate the effectiveness of the algorithm proposed in this paper.     

Implementation and characterization of flash-based hardware security primitives for cryptographic key generation

Hardware security primitives, also known as physical unclonable functions (PUFs), perform innovative roles to extract the randomness unique to specific hardware. This paper proposes a novel hardware security primitive using a commercial off-the-shelf flash memory chip that is an intrinsic part of most commercial Internet of Things (IoT) devices. First, we define a hardware security source model to describe a hardware-based fixed random bit generator for use in security applications, such as cryptographic key generation. Then, we propose a hardware security primitive with flash memory by exploiting the variability of tunneling electrons in the floating gate. In accordance with the requirements for robustness against the environment, timing variations, and random errors, we developed an adaptive extraction algorithm for the flash PUF. Experimental results show that the proposed flash PUF successfully generates a fixed random response, where the uniqueness is 49.1%, steadiness is 3.8%, uniformity is 50.2%, and min-entropy per bit is 0.87. Thus, our approach can be applied to security applications with reliability and satisfy high-entropy requirements, such as cryptographic key generation for IoT devices.     

Structural and optical properties of AIN sputtering deposited on sapphire substrates with various orientations

AIN thin films were deposited on c-,a-and r-plane sapphire substrates by the magnetron sputtering technique.The in-fluence of high-temperature thermal annealing (HTTA) on the structural,optical properties as well as surface stoichiometry were comprehensively investigated.The significant narrowing of the (0002) diffraction peak to as low as 68 arcsec of AIN after HTTA implies a reduction of tilt component inside the AIN thin films,and consequently much-reduced dislocation densities.This is also supported by the appearance of E2(high) Raman peak and better Al-N stoichiometry after HTTA.Furthermore,the in-creased absorption edge after HTTA suggests a reduction of point defects acting as the absorption centers.It is concluded that HTTA is a universal post-treatment technique in improving the crystalline quality of sputtered AIN regardless of sapphire orienta-tion.     

高能超声分散纳米晶须的数值和物理模拟

为研究高能超声处理制备纳米复合材料过程中纳米增强相在熔体中的分散过程,采用甘油为介质分别进行了数值模拟以及物理模拟。数值模拟结果表明,当超声作用于甘油中时,甘油中会形成中心-底面-壁面-中心的环形流动,变幅杆探头端面边缘附近甘油流体存在最大的流动速度,且随着超声功率的增大,流体运动速度增大。物理模拟实验结果显示,高能超声作用下甘油的实际运动行为与数值模拟结果相符合,存在环形流动;此外,高能超声作用下甘油中存在明显的空化效应;纳米晶须在超声作用下于甘油中分散良好,且随着超声功率的增大,达到充分分散所需时间变短。     

PuO2含量对MOX燃料组件物理特性的影响

当超临界水冷堆组件采用铀与钚的氧化物混合而成的MOX燃料时,与普通UO_2燃料相比其中子学特性存在差异。为了研究PuO_2含量对组件物理特性的影响,采用蒙特卡罗方法计算得到了不同PuO_2含量时MOX燃料物理特性参数,包括俘获裂变比、总微观裂变截面、燃料每次裂变平均释放的能量、每次裂变释放的中子数及有效裂变中子数。进一步得到了装载不同含量PuO_2时MOX燃料组件特性参数,包括能谱、Keff、相对功率、相对功率峰值和缓发中子份额。研究结果对MOX燃料组件的设计有一定参考价值。     

露点仪冷镜表面拉乌尔效应及清洁方法

露点仪测量气体湿度过程中,拉乌尔效应对测量准确性影响很大。使用测量凝结物冰点值估算拉乌尔效应影响值,发现在冷镜表面滴入酒精吹扫并加热蒸发残留酒精清洁表面,可以大大减少拉乌尔效应影响。通过实验可以减少拉乌尔效应露点误差到0.1℃以下。     

基于扩展卡尔曼滤波的卫星组合姿态确定物理仿真技术研究

针对未来卫星应用的高精度、高可靠性定姿技术需求,设计了卫星单轴组合姿态确定物理仿真系统;采用太阳敏感器和光纤陀螺组合定姿模式,提出了一种扩展卡尔曼滤波组合姿态确定算法,用C语言进行了实验软件设计,系统采用DSP为处理器,还设计了多敏感器数据采集扩展接口;物理仿真实验结果:姿态确定精度优于0.5°;陀螺常值漂移估计的平均值为3.625758e-4°/s,证明了组合姿态确定算法的有效性和该项技术对工程应用的可行性。     

An Approach to Synthesize Thick α- and γ-Al2O3 Coatings by High-Speed Physical Vapor Deposition

Crystalline α- and γ-Al₂O₃ exhibit in many applications high wear resistance, chemical resistance, and hot hardness, making them interesting materials for production engineering. To synthesize α-Al₂O₃ with high coating thickness of s ≥ 10 μm, chemical vapor deposition at temperatures T > 1000 °C is well established. However, there are almost no studies dealing with the synthesis of thick α-Al₂O₃ by physical vapor deposition (PVD) at high temperatures T > 700 °C. High-temperature deposition of thick coatings can be realized by means of the dense hollow cathode plasma, combined with the transport function of the plasma gas in high-speed (HS) PVD. Herein, crystalline α- and γ-Al₂O₃ films are deposited on cemented carbides at substrate temperatures T _s ≈ 570 °C and T _s ≈ 780 °C by HS-PVD. These coatings exhibit a thickness up to s = 20 μm. Moreover, phase analysis presents α-phases in coatings synthesized at substrate temperature of T _s ≈ 780 °C with significant higher hardness than films by T _s ≈ 570 °C. These release the potential of HS-PVD to synthesize α-Al₂O₃ coatings with high thickness. Thereby, a higher thickness of these coatings is beneficial for the wear protection of turning and die casting tools.     

智能化锅炉水冷壁清焦检测机具

电厂锅炉水冷壁清焦检测工作一直是个难题,目前国内外尚无更好的解决办法。多功能金属表面清焦检测机具为电厂锅炉水冷壁的清焦检测工作提供了智能化手段,使水冷壁的检测清焦自动化,较好地解决了这一难题。另外,它亦可广泛应用于船体检测、储油气罐及给排水、油管道的检测、疏通堵塞等领域。     

由Web日志确定页面访问时间的方法研究

为了获取用户访问页面的行为全过程以及准确时间,在网站中建立自动记录离开访问页面机制,准确的记录了用户访问页面的行为的全过程,确保访问日志的完整性和准确性.在此基础上,提出了服务器访问日志数据清理算法,确保准确提取出页面访问时间,从而解决了常见的页面访问时间算法不能准确确定每个页面被访问的确切时间的问题.